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feat(apikeys): service-principal model — phases 1–3#1815

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feat(apikeys): service-principal model — phases 1–3#1815
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@ToriChanIntegration ToriChanIntegration commented Mar 17, 2026

Summary

Implements the service-principal API key model in three backward-compatible phases. Closes #1190.

  • Phase 1 — Schema: adds service_principal_provisioned flag to apikeys, plus get_service_principal_info() and mark_service_principal_provisioned() helpers. 14 pgTAP tests.
  • Phase 2 — Middleware: lazy provisioning of auth.users entries (id = rbac_id) on first API key use; signs a 1 h SP JWT (sub = rbac_id, role = authenticated) and stores it in Hono context as servicePrincipalJwt. New supabaseServicePrincipal(c) helper in supabase.ts.
  • Phase 3 — check_min_rights: 2FA and password-policy blocks skip service principals; new SP JWT fallback path evaluates access via rbac_has_permission(rbac_principal_apikey(), …) when auth.uid() returns the SP's rbac_id. Covers check_min_rights, check_min_rights_legacy, and check_min_rights_legacy_no_password_policy. 13 pgTAP tests (909 total suite-wide).

All changes are fully backward-compatible — existing capgkey auth path is untouched until handlers are migrated to supabaseServicePrincipal(c).

Test Plan

  • All 1087 backend tests pass (bun test:backend)
  • pgTAP suites 47 + 48 cover new schema helpers and check_min_rights SP paths
  • bun lint:backend + bun typecheck clean

Summary by CodeRabbit

Release Notes

  • New Features

    • Added service principal provisioning capabilities for API keys.
    • Enabled JWT-based authentication for service principals.
    • Implemented service principal support in access control and permission checks.
  • Tests

    • Added test suites for service principal provisioning and access control validation.

Founding Engineer and others added 3 commits March 17, 2026 03:54
Adds the schema and helper functions needed to support the service-principal
auth model for API keys (GH#1190). In this model each API key can have a
corresponding auth.users entry (id = rbac_id), so standard auth.uid()-based
RLS works identically for human users and API key "users".

Changes:
- apikeys.service_principal_provisioned column (default false) tracks whether
  an auth.users entry has been created for the key's rbac_id
- get_service_principal_info(apikey_value) returns metadata needed by the
  edge-function middleware to sign a service-principal JWT
- mark_service_principal_provisioned(apikey_id, rbac_id) is called by edge
  functions (admin client) after creating the auth.users entry
- pgTAP tests covering the new column defaults and function behaviour

Phase 2 (next PR): update hono_middleware to provision service principals
lazily and sign a JWT (sub=rbac_id) for provisioned keys.
Phase 3: simplify RLS policies to use auth.uid() directly.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
…se 2)

When an API key request is authenticated, the middleware now lazily
provisions an auth.users entry (id = rbac_id) for the key's service
principal on first use via supabaseAdmin.auth.admin.createUser(), then
marks the key as provisioned via mark_service_principal_provisioned().

A short-lived HS256 JWT (sub = rbac_id, role = authenticated, 1 h) is
signed on every API key request and stored in context as
`servicePrincipalJwt`. A new `supabaseServicePrincipal()` helper in
supabase.ts returns a Supabase client authenticated with this JWT when
available, falling back to the legacy capgkey path.

The existing capgkey-based auth path is **unchanged** — all current
handlers continue to work. Provisioning is non-fatal: any error is
logged and the request proceeds normally. Phase 3 will migrate handlers
to use `supabaseServicePrincipal()` and simplify RLS accordingly.

Supporting changes:
- postgres_schema.ts: `service_principal_provisioned` column added to
  the apikeys Drizzle schema
- hono.ts: `servicePrincipalJwt?` added to MiddlewareKeyVariables so
  the new context key is type-safe
- hono_middleware.ts: ServicePrincipalInfoRow type, helper functions
  fetchServicePrincipalInfo / provisionServicePrincipal /
  signServicePrincipalJwt / applyServicePrincipal

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
- Add is_service_principal(uuid) helper to identify provisioned SP API keys
- Exempt service principals from 2FA and password-policy enforcement in
  check_min_rights, check_min_rights_legacy, and
  check_min_rights_legacy_no_password_policy
- Add SP JWT fallback path in all three permission functions: when auth.uid()
  returns an SP's rbac_id (no capgkey header), look up the apikey by rbac_id
  and evaluate access via key_mode (read/upload/write/all inheriting owner right)
- Add 13 pgTAP tests covering is_service_principal, legacy SP fallback with
  mode mapping, org/app scoping, and no-password-policy variant
- Fix plan(14)→plan(13) off-by-one in Phase 1 test file

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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coderabbitai Bot commented Mar 17, 2026

📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

Implements service-principal support for API keys across multiple layers: middleware authentication flow adds provisioning logic with JWT signing; database schema and migrations introduce provisioning state tracking, SQL functions for metadata retrieval and provisioning, and RBAC enhancements with service-principal fallback paths; new utilities enable service-principal client selection; comprehensive test suites validate provisioning and authorization.

Changes

Cohort / File(s) Summary
API Key Authentication Context
supabase/functions/_backend/utils/hono.ts
Added optional servicePrincipalJwt field to middleware variables interface for storing service principal JWT context.
Service Principal Provisioning Middleware
supabase/functions/_backend/utils/hono_middleware.ts
Introduced service-principal provisioning flow triggered during API key authentication, including functions to fetch SP metadata, provision SP (create user entry and mark provisioned), and sign short-lived JWTs using HS256. JWT stored in request context for downstream use. Failures are non-fatal.
API Key Schema
supabase/functions/_backend/utils/postgres_schema.ts
Added service_principal_provisioned boolean column (default false) to apikeys table.
Service Principal Client Utility
supabase/functions/_backend/utils/supabase.ts
Added supabaseServicePrincipal() helper to select service-principal Supabase client when JWT is present, otherwise falls back to existing authentication flow.
Phase 2 Migration - SP Metadata & Provisioning
supabase/migrations/20260317024912_service_principal_apikeys.sql
Added column to track provisioning state. Introduced get_service_principal_info() to retrieve SP metadata (ID, owner, key mode, provisioning status) and mark_service_principal_provisioned() to update provisioning state. Public functions with appropriate access control grants.
Phase 3 Migration - SP-Aware RBAC
supabase/migrations/20260317100000_service_principal_phase3_check_min_rights.sql
Added is_service_principal() helper to identify provisioned SPs. Enhanced check_min_rights() and legacy variants with SP-aware exemptions (2FA, password policy) and dual fallback paths: capgkey header (existing) and service-principal JWT (new). SP fallbacks apply key mode and org/app scope checks.
Service Principal API Keys Test Suite
supabase/tests/47_test_service_principal_apikeys.sql
Validates provisioning defaults, SP info retrieval, state transitions, and error handling for unknown/mismatched keys.
Phase 3 Authorization Test Suite
supabase/tests/48_test_service_principal_phase3.sql
Validates is_service_principal() detection, check_min_rights_legacy(), and check_min_rights_legacy_no_password_policy() across provisioned/non-provisioned keys in various org and key-mode scenarios.

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
    participant Client
    participant Middleware
    participant Database as Database<br/>(SQL Functions)
    participant Crypto as Crypto<br/>(JWT)
    participant Context as Request<br/>Context

    Client->>Middleware: API Key Request
    Middleware->>Middleware: Authenticate via API Key<br/>(capgkey)
    activate Middleware
    
    Middleware->>Database: fetchServicePrincipalInfo<br/>(keyString)
    Database-->>Middleware: SP metadata<br/>(apikey_id, rbac_id, etc.)
    
    alt SP Metadata Found & Not Provisioned
        Middleware->>Database: provisionServicePrincipal<br/>(apikey_id, rbac_id)
        Database->>Database: Create auth.users entry<br/>mark provisioned
        Database-->>Middleware: Provisioning complete
    end
    
    Middleware->>Crypto: signServicePrincipalJwt<br/>(rbac_id)
    Crypto-->>Middleware: JWT token
    
    Middleware->>Context: Store servicePrincipalJwt
    deactivate Middleware
    
    Middleware-->>Client: Request + SP Context
    
    Context->>Database: supabaseServicePrincipal()<br/>(uses stored JWT)
    Database-->>Context: SP-authorized client
Loading

Estimated code review effort

🎯 4 (Complex) | ⏱️ ~75 minutes

Possibly related PRs

Poem

🐰 A service principal hops into the fold,
With JWT keys and provisioning bold,
The apikey system transformed with grace,
SP fallbacks now secure the place,
Phase 2 and 3 in perfect rhyme,
Authentication leveled up in time!

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 3 | ❌ 2

❌ Failed checks (1 warning, 1 inconclusive)

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Docstring Coverage ⚠️ Warning Docstring coverage is 55.56% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.
Description check ❓ Inconclusive The PR description follows the template with Summary and Test Plan sections completed. However, it is missing the Screenshots and Checklist sections required by the template. Complete the PR description by adding the Screenshots section (noting that backend-only changes can skip this) and the Checklist section with verification boxes for code style, documentation, and test coverage.
✅ Passed checks (3 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Title check ✅ Passed The title accurately summarizes the main change: implementing a service-principal API key model across three phases (1-3), which is the core objective of this PR.
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed The PR successfully implements all three phases (schema, middleware, permissions) to convert API keys to behave as independent auth principals (#1190), enabling uniform auth.uid() usage in RLS and simplifying permission checks.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed All code changes are directly scoped to the three-phase service-principal implementation (#1190): schema extensions, middleware provisioning logic, JWT signing, permission checks, and comprehensive pgTAP tests.

✏️ Tip: You can configure your own custom pre-merge checks in the settings.

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🔧 SQLFluff (4.0.4)
supabase/tests/47_test_service_principal_apikeys.sql

User Error: No dialect was specified. You must configure a dialect or specify one on the command line using --dialect after the command. Available dialects:
ansi, athena, bigquery, clickhouse, databricks, db2, doris, duckdb, exasol, flink, greenplum, hive, impala, mariadb, materialize, mysql, oracle, postgres, redshift, snowflake, soql, sparksql, sqlite, starrocks, teradata, trino, tsql, vertica

supabase/migrations/20260317100000_service_principal_phase3_check_min_rights.sql

User Error: No dialect was specified. You must configure a dialect or specify one on the command line using --dialect after the command. Available dialects:
ansi, athena, bigquery, clickhouse, databricks, db2, doris, duckdb, exasol, flink, greenplum, hive, impala, mariadb, materialize, mysql, oracle, postgres, redshift, snowflake, soql, sparksql, sqlite, starrocks, teradata, trino, tsql, vertica

supabase/tests/48_test_service_principal_phase3.sql

User Error: No dialect was specified. You must configure a dialect or specify one on the command line using --dialect after the command. Available dialects:
ansi, athena, bigquery, clickhouse, databricks, db2, doris, duckdb, exasol, flink, greenplum, hive, impala, mariadb, materialize, mysql, oracle, postgres, redshift, snowflake, soql, sparksql, sqlite, starrocks, teradata, trino, tsql, vertica

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Actionable comments posted: 1

🧹 Nitpick comments (2)
supabase/tests/47_test_service_principal_apikeys.sql (1)

11-30: Consider adding cleanup before test key insertion.

Unlike 48_test_service_principal_phase3.sql which DELETEs existing keys (line 12), this test file doesn't clean up potentially leftover keys from interrupted runs. This could cause failures if keys 99950/99951 already exist.

🧹 Proposed fix to add cleanup
 SELECT tests.authenticate_as_service_role();

 -- =============================================================================
 -- Setup: create test API keys for service-principal tests
 -- =============================================================================

+DELETE FROM apikeys WHERE id IN (99950, 99951);
+
 INSERT INTO apikeys (id, user_id, key, mode, name, expires_at)
 VALUES
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

In `@supabase/tests/47_test_service_principal_apikeys.sql` around lines 11 - 30,
Test insertion can fail if rows with ids 99950/99951 already exist; add a
cleanup DELETE before the INSERT to remove any leftover test keys. In the same
test block that inserts into the apikeys table (IDs 99950 and 99951 for user_id
'6aa76066-55ef-4238-ade6-0b32334a4097'), run a DELETE FROM apikeys WHERE id IN
(99950, 99951) (or delete by key strings
'sp-test-key-valid','sp-test-key-expired') immediately before the INSERT so the
INSERT of those rows will not conflict with leftovers from previous runs.
supabase/migrations/20260317100000_service_principal_phase3_check_min_rights.sql (1)

291-333: Consider extracting duplicated SP fallback logic.

The SP fallback logic (org/app scope checks + key_mode → user_min_right mapping) is duplicated between check_min_rights_legacy and check_min_rights_legacy_no_password_policy. This could be extracted into a shared helper function for maintainability.

Also applies to: 400-437

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

In
`@supabase/migrations/20260317100000_service_principal_phase3_check_min_rights.sql`
around lines 291 - 333, Extract the duplicated service-principal fallback block
into a single helper function (e.g. public.check_min_rights_sp_fallback) that
accepts the apikey row (v_sp_apikey or user_id), org_id, app_id and min_right
and returns either a boolean allow or the computed user_min_right; move the
org/app scope checks (limited_to_orgs/apps) and the key_mode → user_min_right
mapping (including the special 'all' lookup against org_users to derive
v_sp_right) into that helper, preserve and emit the same pg_log messages when
denying, and replace the duplicated code in check_min_rights_legacy and
check_min_rights_legacy_no_password_policy with a single call to the new helper
(using v_sp_apikey and the same inputs) to decide the RETURN true or continue
flow.
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

Inline comments:
In `@supabase/migrations/20260317024912_service_principal_apikeys.sql`:
- Around line 111-114: Update the COMMENT ON FUNCTION for
"mark_service_principal_provisioned" to replace the hyphenated word
"mis-marking" with the correct single-word form "mismarking"; edit the comment
string passed to COMMENT ON FUNCTION (the block referencing function name
mark_service_principal_provisioned and parameters p_apikey_id and p_rbac_id) so
the sentence reads "...acts as a guard to prevent accidental mismarking."
without changing other text.

---

Nitpick comments:
In
`@supabase/migrations/20260317100000_service_principal_phase3_check_min_rights.sql`:
- Around line 291-333: Extract the duplicated service-principal fallback block
into a single helper function (e.g. public.check_min_rights_sp_fallback) that
accepts the apikey row (v_sp_apikey or user_id), org_id, app_id and min_right
and returns either a boolean allow or the computed user_min_right; move the
org/app scope checks (limited_to_orgs/apps) and the key_mode → user_min_right
mapping (including the special 'all' lookup against org_users to derive
v_sp_right) into that helper, preserve and emit the same pg_log messages when
denying, and replace the duplicated code in check_min_rights_legacy and
check_min_rights_legacy_no_password_policy with a single call to the new helper
(using v_sp_apikey and the same inputs) to decide the RETURN true or continue
flow.

In `@supabase/tests/47_test_service_principal_apikeys.sql`:
- Around line 11-30: Test insertion can fail if rows with ids 99950/99951
already exist; add a cleanup DELETE before the INSERT to remove any leftover
test keys. In the same test block that inserts into the apikeys table (IDs 99950
and 99951 for user_id '6aa76066-55ef-4238-ade6-0b32334a4097'), run a DELETE FROM
apikeys WHERE id IN (99950, 99951) (or delete by key strings
'sp-test-key-valid','sp-test-key-expired') immediately before the INSERT so the
INSERT of those rows will not conflict with leftovers from previous runs.

ℹ️ Review info
⚙️ Run configuration

Configuration used: defaults

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Pro

Run ID: b10e6f0d-bd54-4e25-b457-dc0cf318473d

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 877c35b and 447a20e.

📒 Files selected for processing (8)
  • supabase/functions/_backend/utils/hono.ts
  • supabase/functions/_backend/utils/hono_middleware.ts
  • supabase/functions/_backend/utils/postgres_schema.ts
  • supabase/functions/_backend/utils/supabase.ts
  • supabase/migrations/20260317024912_service_principal_apikeys.sql
  • supabase/migrations/20260317100000_service_principal_phase3_check_min_rights.sql
  • supabase/tests/47_test_service_principal_apikeys.sql
  • supabase/tests/48_test_service_principal_phase3.sql

Comment on lines +111 to +114
COMMENT ON FUNCTION "public"."mark_service_principal_provisioned"("p_apikey_id" bigint, "p_rbac_id" "uuid") IS
'Marks an API key as having a provisioned service-principal auth.users entry. '
'The rbac_id parameter acts as a guard to prevent accidental mis-marking. '
'Only callable by service_role (edge functions with admin client).';
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⚠️ Potential issue | 🟡 Minor

Fix typo flagged by pipeline: "mis-marking" → "mismarking".

The pipeline flagged "mis" as a typo. The correct form is "mismarking" (one word, no hyphen).

📝 Proposed fix
 COMMENT ON FUNCTION "public"."mark_service_principal_provisioned"("p_apikey_id" bigint, "p_rbac_id" "uuid") IS
   'Marks an API key as having a provisioned service-principal auth.users entry. '
-  'The rbac_id parameter acts as a guard to prevent accidental mis-marking. '
+  'The rbac_id parameter acts as a guard to prevent accidental mismarking. '
   'Only callable by service_role (edge functions with admin client).';
📝 Committable suggestion

‼️ IMPORTANT
Carefully review the code before committing. Ensure that it accurately replaces the highlighted code, contains no missing lines, and has no issues with indentation. Thoroughly test & benchmark the code to ensure it meets the requirements.

Suggested change
COMMENT ON FUNCTION "public"."mark_service_principal_provisioned"("p_apikey_id" bigint, "p_rbac_id" "uuid") IS
'Marks an API key as having a provisioned service-principal auth.users entry. '
'The rbac_id parameter acts as a guard to prevent accidental mis-marking. '
'Only callable by service_role (edge functions with admin client).';
COMMENT ON FUNCTION "public"."mark_service_principal_provisioned"("p_apikey_id" bigint, "p_rbac_id" "uuid") IS
'Marks an API key as having a provisioned service-principal auth.users entry. '
'The rbac_id parameter acts as a guard to prevent accidental mismarking. '
'Only callable by service_role (edge functions with admin client).';
🧰 Tools
🪛 GitHub Actions: Run tests

[warning] 113-113: typos: 'mis' should be 'miss' or 'mist'.

🪛 GitHub Check: Run tests

[warning] 113-113:
"mis" should be "miss" or "mist".

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

In `@supabase/migrations/20260317024912_service_principal_apikeys.sql` around
lines 111 - 114, Update the COMMENT ON FUNCTION for
"mark_service_principal_provisioned" to replace the hyphenated word
"mis-marking" with the correct single-word form "mismarking"; edit the comment
string passed to COMMENT ON FUNCTION (the block referencing function name
mark_service_principal_provisioned and parameters p_apikey_id and p_rbac_id) so
the sentence reads "...acts as a guard to prevent accidental mismarking."
without changing other text.

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riderx commented Mar 17, 2026

Thanks for the contribution.

We’re closing this PR because we can’t accept repository changes in this form from an integration-style / automated contributor account.

For Capgo repos, we expect contributions to be tightly scoped, manually validated, and submitted by an identifiable contributor who can clearly explain the problem, why this approach fits the project, and what was verified locally. Large or bulk-generated change sets without that ownership context create too much review and maintenance risk for us.

If this was opened in error or if you are a real contributor behind this account, you’re welcome to resubmit a smaller, clearly-scoped PR with manual validation notes and repository-specific reasoning.

@riderx riderx closed this Mar 17, 2026
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switch APIKEY to side system to email like Google

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