data.py

import ast
import json
import logging
import math
import os
import random
import h5py
from dataclasses import dataclass
import braceexpand
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
import torchvision.datasets as datasets
import torchvision.transforms
import webdataset as wds
from PIL import Image
from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataLoader, SubsetRandomSampler
from torch.utils.data.distributed import DistributedSampler
from functools import partial
from pathlib import Path
import wget
import tempfile
import copy
from contextlib import suppress

from clap_module.utils import get_tar_path_from_dataset_name, dataset_split
from clap_module.utils import load_p, load_class_label
from clap_module import tokenize as clip_tokenizer
from transformers import BertTokenizer
from transformers import RobertaTokenizer
from transformers import BartTokenizer

try:
    import horovod.torch as hvd
except ImportError:
    hvd = None

try:
    import torchaudio
except ImportError:
    torchaudio = None

bert_tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
roberta_tokenizer = RobertaTokenizer.from_pretrained("roberta-base")
bart_tokenizer = BartTokenizer.from_pretrained("facebook/bart-base")

def tokenizer(text, tmodel="roberta", max_length=77):
    """tokenizer for different models
    tmodel is default to roberta as it is the best model for our task
    max_length is default to 77 from the OpenAI CLIP parameters
    We assume text to be a single string, but it can also be a list of strings
    """
    if tmodel == "transformer":
        return clip_tokenizer(text).squeeze(0)

    elif tmodel == "bert":
        result = bert_tokenizer(
            text,
            padding="max_length",
            truncation=True,
            max_length=max_length,
            return_tensors="pt",
        )
        return {k: v.squeeze(0) for k, v in result.items()}

    elif tmodel == "roberta":
        result = roberta_tokenizer(
            text,
            padding="max_length",
            truncation=True,
            max_length=max_length,
            return_tensors="pt",
        )
        return {k: v.squeeze(0) for k, v in result.items()}

    elif tmodel == "bart":
        result = bart_tokenizer(
            text,
            padding="max_length",
            truncation=True,
            max_length=max_length,
            return_tensors="pt",
        )
        return {k: v.squeeze(0) for k, v in result.items()}


# initizlied the audioset map
_AUDIOSET_MAP_PATH = os.path.join(Path(__file__).parent, "audioset_textmap.npy")
_AUDIOSET_MAP = np.load(_AUDIOSET_MAP_PATH, allow_pickle=True)


def int16_to_float32(x):
    return (x / 32767.0).astype(np.float32)


def float32_to_int16(x):
    x = np.clip(x, a_min=-1., a_max=1.)
    return (x * 32767.).astype(np.int16)


def int16_to_float32_torch(x):
    return (x / 32767.0).type(torch.float32)


def float32_to_int16_torch(x):
    x = torch.clamp(x, min=-1., max=1.)
    return (x * 32767.).type(torch.int16)


# For Toy Dataset
class ToyDataset(Dataset):
    def __init__(self, index_path, ipc, config, eval_mode=False):
        """Toy Dataset for testing the audioset input with text labels
        Parameters
        ----------
            index_path: str
                the link to the h5 file of each audio
            idc: str
                the link to the npy file, the number of samples in each class
            config: dict
                the audio cfg file
           eval_model (bool): to indicate if the dataset is a testing dataset
        """
        self.audio_cfg = config["audio_cfg"]
        self.text_cfg = config["text_cfg"]
        self.fp = h5py.File(index_path, "r")
        self.ipc = np.load(ipc, allow_pickle=True)
        self.total_size = len(self.fp["audio_name"])
        self.classes_num = self.audio_cfg["class_num"]
        self.eval_mode = eval_mode

        if not eval_mode:
            self.generate_queue()
        else:
            self.queue = []
            for i in range(self.total_size):
                target = self.fp["target"][i]
                if np.sum(target) > 0:
                    self.queue.append(i)
            self.total_size = len(self.queue)
        logging.info("total dataset size: %d" % (self.total_size))
        logging.info("class num: %d" % (self.classes_num))

    def time_shifting(self, x):
        frame_num = len(x)
        shift_len = random.randint(0, frame_num - 1)
        new_sample = np.concatenate([x[shift_len:], x[:shift_len]], axis=0)
        return new_sample

    def generate_queue(self):
        self.queue = []
        while len(self.queue) < self.total_size:
            class_set = [*range(self.classes_num)]
            random.shuffle(class_set)
            self.queue += [
                self.ipc[d][random.randint(0, len(self.ipc[d]) - 1)] for d in class_set
            ]
        self.queue = self.queue[: self.total_size]

        logging.info("queue regenerated:%s" % (self.queue[-5:]))

    def crop_wav(self, x):
        crop_size = self.audio_cfg["crop_size"]
        crop_pos = random.randint(0, len(x) - crop_size - 1)
        return x[crop_pos: crop_pos + crop_size]

    def prompt_text(self, target):
        events = _AUDIOSET_MAP[np.where(target > 0)]
        event_text = "The sounds of " + ", ".join(events[:-1]) + " and " + events[-1]
        text = tokenizer(event_text)[0]
        return text

    def __getitem__(self, index):
        """Load waveform, text, and target of an audio clip

        Parameters
        ----------
            index: int
                the index number
        Return
        ------
            output: dict {
                "hdf5_path": str,
                "index_in_hdf5": int,
                "audio_name": str,
                "waveform": list (audio_length,),
                "target": list (class_num, ),
                "text": torch.tensor (context_length,)
            }
                the output dictionary
        """
        s_index = self.queue[index]

        audio_name = self.fp["audio_name"][s_index].decode()
        # Hardcode here CHANGE
        hdf5_path = (
            self.fp["hdf5_path"][s_index]
            .decode()
            .replace(
                "../workspace",
                "/home/la/kechen/Research/ke_zsasp/workspace",
            )
        )
        r_idx = self.fp["index_in_hdf5"][s_index]
        target = self.fp["target"][s_index].astype(np.float32)
        text = self.prompt_text(target)
        with h5py.File(hdf5_path, "r") as f:
            waveform = int16_to_float32(f["waveform"][r_idx])[
                       : self.audio_cfg["clip_samples"]
                       ]
        assert (
                len(waveform) == self.audio_cfg["clip_samples"]
        ), "The sample length is not match"
        # Time shift
        # if (self.config.enable_time_shift) and (not self.eval_mode):
        #     waveform = self.time_shifting(waveform)
        # # Label Enhance
        # if (self.config.crop_size is not None) and (not self.eval_mode):
        #     waveform = self.crop_wav(waveform)
        # # the label enhance rate is fixed 0.5
        # if (self.config.enable_label_enhance) and (not self.eval_mode) and random.random() < 0.5:
        #     kidx = np.where(target)[0]
        #     for k in kidx:
        #         for add_key in self.class_map[k][1]:
        #             target[add_key] = 1.0
        #         if len(self.class_map[k][2]) > 0:
        #             add_key = random.choice(self.class_map[k][2])
        #             target[add_key] = 1.0

        # missing the text input
        mel_spec = get_mel(torch.from_numpy(waveform), self.audio_cfg)[None, :, :]
        mel_spec = torch.cat([mel_spec, mel_spec.clone(), mel_spec.clone(), mel_spec.clone()], dim=0).cpu().numpy()
        longer = random.choice([True, False])
        if longer == False:
            mel_spec[1:, :, :] = 0.0
        data_dict = {
            "hdf5_path": hdf5_path,
            "index_in_hdf5": r_idx,
            "audio_name": audio_name,
            "waveform": waveform,
            "class_label": target,
            "text": text,
            "longer": longer,
            "mel_fusion": mel_spec
        }
        return data_dict

    def __len__(self):
        return self.total_size

@dataclass
class DataInfo:
    dataloader: DataLoader
    sampler: DistributedSampler


def get_dataset_size(shards, sizefilepath_=None, is_local=True):
    if isinstance(shards, list):
        size_list = []
        for s in shards:
            size_list.append(
                get_dataset_size(s, sizefilepath_=sizefilepath_, is_local=is_local)[0]
            )
    else:
        if not is_local:
            for n in dataset_split.keys():
                if n in shards.split("/"):
                    break
            for s in dataset_split[n]:
                if s in shards.split("/"):
                    break
            sizefilepath_ = f"./json_files/{n}/{s}/sizes.json"
        shards_list = list(braceexpand.braceexpand(shards))
        dir_path = os.path.dirname(shards)
        if sizefilepath_ is not None:
            sizes = json.load(open(sizefilepath_, "r"))
            total_size = sum(
                [
                    int(sizes[os.path.basename(shard.replace(".tar -", ".tar"))])
                    for shard in shards_list
                ]
            )
        else:
            sizes_filename = os.path.join(dir_path, "sizes.json")
            len_filename = os.path.join(dir_path, "__len__")
            if os.path.exists(sizes_filename):
                sizes = json.load(open(sizes_filename, "r"))
                total_size = sum(
                    [int(sizes[os.path.basename(shard)]) for shard in shards_list]
                )
            elif os.path.exists(len_filename):
                # FIXME this used to be eval(open(...)) but that seemed rather unsafe
                total_size = ast.literal_eval(open(len_filename, "r").read())
            else:
                raise Exception(
                    f"Cannot find sizes file for dataset {shards}. Please specify the path to the file."
                )
                # total_size = None  # num samples undefined
                # some common dataset sizes (at time of authors last download)
                # cc3m-train: 2905954
                # cc12m: 10968539
                # LAION-400m: 407332084
        num_shards = len(shards_list)
    if isinstance(shards, list):
        return sum(size_list), len(shards)
    else:
        return total_size, num_shards


def count_samples(dataloader):
    os.environ["WDS_EPOCH"] = "0"
    n_elements, n_batches = 0, 0
    for images, texts in dataloader:
        n_batches += 1
        n_elements += len(images)
        assert len(images) == len(texts)
    return n_elements, n_batches


def log_and_continue(exn):
    """Call in an exception handler to ignore any exception, isssue a warning, and continue."""
    logging.warning(f"Handling webdataset error ({repr(exn)}). Ignoring.")
    return True


_SHARD_SHUFFLE_SIZE = 2000
_SHARD_SHUFFLE_INITIAL = 500
_SAMPLE_SHUFFLE_SIZE = 5000
_SAMPLE_SHUFFLE_INITIAL = 1000


def sample_prop(sizefile, inputs, proportion, is_local=True):
    """
    Sample a proportion of the data.
    """
    file_path_dict = {
        os.path.split(inputs[i])[1]: os.path.split(inputs[i])[0]
        for i in range(len(inputs))
    }
    sampled_filepath_dict = {}
    sampled_size_dict = {}
    if not is_local:
        if os.path.exists("sizes.json"):
            os.remove("sizes.json")
        wget.download(sizefile, "sizes.json")
        sizefile = "sizes.json"
    with open(sizefile, "r", encoding="UTF-8") as f:
        load_dict = json.load(f)
    L = int(len(file_path_dict) * proportion)
    subkeys = random.sample(file_path_dict.keys(), L)
    for k in subkeys:
        sampled_size_dict[k] = load_dict[k]
        sampled_filepath_dict[k] = file_path_dict[k]
    return (
        sum(sampled_size_dict.values()),
        L,
        [os.path.join(v, k) for k, v in sampled_filepath_dict.items()],
        sampled_size_dict,
    )


def get_mel(audio_data, audio_cfg):
    # mel shape: (n_mels, T)
    mel_tf = torchaudio.transforms.MelSpectrogram(
        sample_rate=audio_cfg['sample_rate'],
        n_fft=audio_cfg['window_size'],
        win_length=audio_cfg['window_size'],
        hop_length=audio_cfg['hop_size'],
        center=True,
        pad_mode="reflect",
        power=2.0,
        norm=None,
        onesided=True,
        n_mels=audio_cfg['mel_bins'],
        f_min=audio_cfg['fmin'],
        f_max=audio_cfg['fmax']
    ).to(audio_data.device)
    
    mel = mel_tf(audio_data)
    # Align to librosa:
    # librosa_melspec = librosa.feature.melspectrogram(
    #     waveform,
    #     sr=audio_cfg['sample_rate'],
    #     n_fft=audio_cfg['window_size'],
    #     hop_length=audio_cfg['hop_size'],
    #     win_length=audio_cfg['window_size'],
    #     center=True,
    #     pad_mode="reflect",
    #     power=2.0,
    #     n_mels=audio_cfg['mel_bins'],
    #     norm=None,
    #     htk=True,
    #     f_min=audio_cfg['fmin'],
    #     f_max=audio_cfg['fmax']
    # )
    # we use log mel spectrogram as input
    mel = torchaudio.transforms.AmplitudeToDB(top_db=None)(mel)
    return mel.T  # (T, n_mels)


def get_audio_features(sample, audio_data, max_len, data_truncating, data_filling, audio_cfg, require_grad=False):
    """
    Calculate and add audio features to sample.
    Sample: a dict containing all the data of current sample.
    audio_data: a tensor of shape (T) containing audio data.
    max_len: the maximum length of audio data.
    data_truncating: the method of truncating data.
    data_filling: the method of filling data.
    audio_cfg: a dict containing audio configuration. Comes from model_cfg['audio_cfg'].
    require_grad: whether to require gradient for audio data.
        This is useful when we want to apply gradient-based classifier-guidance.
    """
    grad_fn = suppress if require_grad else torch.no_grad
    with grad_fn():
        if len(audio_data) > max_len:
            if data_truncating == "rand_trunc":
                longer = torch.tensor([True])
            elif data_truncating == "fusion":
                # fusion
                mel = get_mel(audio_data, audio_cfg)
                # split to three parts
                chunk_frames = max_len // audio_cfg['hop_size'] + 1  # the +1 related to how the spectrogram is computed
                total_frames = mel.shape[0]
                if chunk_frames == total_frames:
                    # there is a corner case where the audio length is
                    # larger than max_len but smaller than max_len+hop_size.
                    # In this case, we just use the whole audio.
                    mel_fusion = torch.stack([mel, mel, mel, mel], dim=0)
                    sample["mel_fusion"] = mel_fusion
                    longer = torch.tensor([False])
                else:
                    ranges = np.array_split(list(range(0, total_frames - chunk_frames + 1)), 3)
                    # print('total_frames-chunk_frames:', total_frames-chunk_frames,
                    #       'len(audio_data):', len(audio_data),
                    #       'chunk_frames:', chunk_frames,
                    #       'total_frames:', total_frames)
                    if len(ranges[1]) == 0:
                        # if the audio is too short, we just use the first chunk
                        ranges[1] = [0]
                    if len(ranges[2]) == 0:
                        # if the audio is too short, we just use the first chunk
                        ranges[2] = [0]
                    # randomly choose index for each part
                    idx_front = np.random.choice(ranges[0])
                    idx_middle = np.random.choice(ranges[1])
                    idx_back = np.random.choice(ranges[2])
                    # select mel
                    mel_chunk_front = mel[idx_front:idx_front + chunk_frames, :]
                    mel_chunk_middle = mel[idx_middle:idx_middle + chunk_frames, :]
                    mel_chunk_back = mel[idx_back:idx_back + chunk_frames, :]

                    # shrink the mel
                    mel_shrink = torchvision.transforms.Resize(size=[chunk_frames, audio_cfg['mel_bins']])(mel[None])[0]
                    # logging.info(f"mel_shrink.shape: {mel_shrink.shape}")

                    # stack
                    mel_fusion = torch.stack([mel_shrink, mel_chunk_front, mel_chunk_middle, mel_chunk_back], dim=0)
                    sample["mel_fusion"] = mel_fusion
                    longer = torch.tensor([True])
            else:
                raise NotImplementedError(
                    f"data_truncating {data_truncating} not implemented"
                )
            # random crop to max_len (for compatibility)
            overflow = len(audio_data) - max_len
            idx = np.random.randint(0, overflow + 1)
            audio_data = audio_data[idx: idx + max_len]

        else:  # padding if too short
            if len(audio_data) < max_len:  # do nothing if equal
                if data_filling == "repeatpad":
                    n_repeat = int(max_len / len(audio_data))
                    audio_data = audio_data.repeat(n_repeat)
                    # audio_data = audio_data.unsqueeze(0).unsqueeze(0).unsqueeze(0)
                    # audio_data = F.interpolate(audio_data,size=max_len,mode="bicubic")[0,0,0]
                    audio_data = F.pad(
                        audio_data,
                        (0, max_len - len(audio_data)),
                        mode="constant",
                        value=0,
                    )
                elif data_filling == "pad":
                    audio_data = F.pad(
                        audio_data,
                        (0, max_len - len(audio_data)),
                        mode="constant",
                        value=0,
                    )
                elif data_filling == "repeat":
                    n_repeat = int(max_len / len(audio_data))
                    audio_data = audio_data.repeat(n_repeat + 1)[:max_len]
                else:
                    raise NotImplementedError(
                        f"data_filling {data_filling} not implemented"
                    )
            if data_truncating == 'fusion':
                mel = get_mel(audio_data, audio_cfg)
                mel_fusion = torch.stack([mel, mel, mel, mel], dim=0)
                sample["mel_fusion"] = mel_fusion
            longer = torch.tensor([False])

    sample["longer"] = longer
    sample["waveform"] = audio_data

    return sample


def select_text(json_dict_raw, text_augment_selection):
    # For selecting augmented text from dataset
    if text_augment_selection is None or text_augment_selection == "none":
        texts = json_dict_raw["text"]
    elif text_augment_selection == "all":
        if "text_augment_all" in json_dict_raw.keys():
            texts = json_dict_raw["text_augment_all"]
        else:
            texts = json_dict_raw["text"]
    elif text_augment_selection == "augment_only":
        if "text_augment_all" in json_dict_raw.keys():
            if json_dict_raw["text_augment_t5"] is None:
                texts = json_dict_raw["text"]
            else:
                texts = json_dict_raw["text_augment_t5"]
        else:
            texts = json_dict_raw["text"]
    else:
        raise NotImplementedError(
            f"text_augment_selection {text_augment_selection} not implemented"
        )
    return texts


def preprocess_single(
        sample,
        audio_ext,
        text_ext,
        max_len,
        audio_cfg,
        tmodel,
        class_index_dict,
        data_filling,
        data_truncating,
        text_augment_selection,
):
    """
    Preprocess a single sample for wdsdataloader.
    """
    audio_data, orig_sr = sample[audio_ext]
    audio_data = int16_to_float32_torch(float32_to_int16_torch(audio_data[0]))

    sample = get_audio_features(sample, audio_data, max_len, data_truncating, data_filling, audio_cfg)
    del sample[audio_ext]

    json_dict_raw = sample[text_ext]

    texts = select_text(json_dict_raw, text_augment_selection)
    sample["full_text"] = texts

    if isinstance(texts, list) and isinstance(texts[0], str) and len(texts) > 1:
        texts = random.choice(texts)
    sample["raw_text"] = texts
    sample["text"] = tokenizer(texts, tmodel=tmodel)  # text shape: [num_token]
    if class_index_dict is not None:
        # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48004243/how-to-share-large-read-only-dictionary-list-across-processes-in-multiprocessing
        # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45693949/storing-strings-in-a-multiprocessing-sharedctypes-array

        # in case the re-written version is wrong, here is the old version:
        # sample["class_label"] = np.zeros(len(class_index_dict.keys()))
        # for x in json_dict_raw["tag"]:
        #     sample["class_label"][class_index_dict[x]] = 1
        # sample["class_label"] = torch.tensor(sample["class_label"]).float()

        class_labels = np.zeros(len(class_index_dict))
        class_labels[np.in1d(list(class_index_dict.keys()), json_dict_raw["tag"])] = 1
        sample["class_label"] = torch.tensor(class_labels).float()

    del sample[text_ext]
    sample["audio_name"] = sample["__key__"].split("/")[-1] + "." + audio_ext
    sample["text_name"] = sample["__key__"].split("/")[-1] + "." + text_ext
    sample["audio_orig_sr"] = orig_sr
    return sample


def collate_fn_with_preprocess(batch,
                               audio_ext,
                               text_ext,
                               max_len,
                               audio_cfg,
                               args,
                               ):
    """
    Collate function for wdsdataloader.
    batch: a list of dict, each dict is a sample
    """

    class_index_dict = copy.deepcopy(args.class_index_dict)  # To avoid deadlock in multiprocessing
    data_filling = args.data_filling
    data_truncating = args.data_truncating
    text_augment_selection = args.text_augment_selection
    tmodel = args.tmodel

    # concatenate values in each dictionary. if it is a tensor, concatenate. if it is a list, extend.
    data_preprocessed = []

    for sample in batch:
        data_preprocessed.append(
            preprocess_single(sample, audio_ext, text_ext, max_len, audio_cfg, tmodel, class_index_dict, data_filling,
                              data_truncating, text_augment_selection))

    batch_dict = {}
    for k in data_preprocessed[0].keys():
        if isinstance(data_preprocessed[0][k], dict):  # dealwith bert tokenizer output
            batch_dict[k] = {}
            for kk in data_preprocessed[0][k].keys():
                tmp = []
                for i in range(len(data_preprocessed)):
                    tmp.append(data_preprocessed[i][k][kk])
                batch_dict[k][kk] = torch.vstack(tmp)
        elif isinstance(data_preprocessed[0][k], torch.Tensor):
            batch_dict[k] = torch.stack([sample[k] for sample in data_preprocessed])
        elif isinstance(data_preprocessed[0][k], np.ndarray):
            batch_dict[k] = torch.tensor(np.stack([sample[k] for sample in data_preprocessed]))
        else:
            batch_dict[k] = [sample[k] for sample in data_preprocessed]
    del data_preprocessed
    return batch_dict


def get_wds_dataset(
        args,
        model_cfg,
        is_train,
        audio_ext="flac",
        text_ext="json",
        max_len=480000,
        proportion=1.0,
        sizefilepath_=None,
        is_local=None,
):
    """
    Get a dataset for wdsdataloader.
    """
    if is_local is None and (not args.remotedata is None):
        is_local = not args.remotedata

    input_shards = args.train_data if is_train else args.val_data
    assert input_shards is not None

    if not sizefilepath_ is None:
        sizefilepath = sizefilepath_
    else:
        sizefilepath = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(input_shards[0]), "sizes.json")

    if proportion != 1.0:
        num_samples, num_shards, input_shards, _ = sample_prop(
            sizefilepath, input_shards, proportion, is_local=is_local
        )
    else:
        num_samples, num_shards = get_dataset_size(
            input_shards, sizefilepath_=sizefilepath_, is_local=is_local
        )

    if not num_samples:
        if is_train:
            num_samples = args.train_num_samples
            if not num_samples:
                raise RuntimeError(
                    "Currently, number of dataset samples must be specified for training dataset. "
                    "Please specify via `--train-num-samples` if no dataset length info present."
                )
        else:
            num_samples = (
                    args.val_num_samples or 0
            )  # eval will just exhaust the iterator if not specified

    pipeline = [wds.SimpleShardList(input_shards)]
    # at this point we have an iterator over all the shards
    # TODO: (yusong): add a if statement of distributed. If not, we don't need to split_by_node
    if is_train or args.parallel_eval:
        pipeline.extend(
            [
                wds.detshuffle(
                    bufsize=_SHARD_SHUFFLE_SIZE,
                    initial=_SHARD_SHUFFLE_INITIAL,
                    seed=args.seed,
                ),
                wds.split_by_node,
                wds.split_by_worker,
                # at this point, we have an iterator over the shards assigned to each worker at each node
                wds.tarfile_to_samples(handler=log_and_continue),
                wds.shuffle(
                    bufsize=_SAMPLE_SHUFFLE_SIZE,
                    initial=_SAMPLE_SHUFFLE_INITIAL,
                    rng=random.Random(args.seed),
                ),
                # wds.repeatedly,  # FIXME determine if this is beneficial
            ]
        )
    else:
        pipeline.extend(
            [
                wds.split_by_worker,
                # at this point, we have an iterator over the shards assigned to each worker
                wds.tarfile_to_samples(handler=log_and_continue),
            ]
        )

    pipeline.append(
        wds.decode(wds.torch_audio),
    )

    pipeline.append(
        wds.batched(
            args.batch_size,
            partial=not (is_train or args.parallel_eval),
            collation_fn=partial(collate_fn_with_preprocess,
                                 audio_ext=audio_ext,
                                 text_ext=text_ext,
                                 max_len=max_len,
                                 audio_cfg=model_cfg['audio_cfg'],
                                 args=args,
                                 ),

        )
    )

    dataset = wds.DataPipeline(*pipeline)
    if is_train or args.parallel_eval:
        # (yusong): Currently parallel evaluation will be not precise as we are repeat the last few samples.
        # (yusong): See comments below.
        # roll over and repeat a few samples to get same number of full batches on each node
        global_batch_size = args.batch_size * args.world_size
        num_batches = math.ceil(num_samples / global_batch_size)
        num_workers = max(1, args.workers)
        num_worker_batches = math.ceil(
            num_batches / num_workers
        )  # per dataloader worker
        num_batches = num_worker_batches * num_workers
        num_samples = num_batches * global_batch_size
        dataset = dataset.with_epoch(
            num_worker_batches
        )  # each worker is iterating over this
    else:
        # last batches are partial, eval is done on single (master) node
        num_batches = math.ceil(num_samples / args.batch_size)

    kwargs = {}
    if args.horovod:  # multi-node training on summit
        kwargs["multiprocessing_context"] = "forkserver"

    if is_train:
        if args.prefetch_factor:
            prefetch_factor = args.prefetch_factor
        else:
            prefetch_factor = max(2, args.batch_size // args.workers)
    else:
        prefetch_factor = 2

    dataloader = wds.WebLoader(
        dataset,
        batch_size=None,
        shuffle=False,
        num_workers=args.workers,
        pin_memory=True,
        prefetch_factor=prefetch_factor,
        **kwargs
    )

    # FIXME not clear which approach is better, with_epoch before vs after dataloader?
    # hoping to resolve via https://github.com/webdataset/webdataset/issues/169
    # if is_train:
    #     # roll over and repeat a few samples to get same number of full batches on each node
    #     global_batch_size = args.batch_size * args.world_size
    #     num_batches = math.ceil(num_samples / global_batch_size)
    #     num_workers = max(1, args.workers)
    #     num_batches = math.ceil(num_batches / num_workers) * num_workers
    #     num_samples = num_batches * global_batch_size
    #     dataloader = dataloader.with_epoch(num_batches)
    # else:
    #     # last batches are partial, eval is done on single (master) node
    #     num_batches = math.ceil(num_samples / args.batch_size)

    # add meta-data to dataloader instance for convenience
    dataloader.num_batches = num_batches
    dataloader.num_samples = num_samples

    return DataInfo(dataloader, None)


def wds_batch_list2dict(
        batch,
        keys=[
            "__url__",
            "__key__",
            "waveform",
            "text",
            "raw_text",
            "audio_name",
            "text_name",
            "audio_orig_sr",
        ],
):
    """
    Return a dictionary of the batch, with keys as the names of the fields.
    """
    assert len(keys) == len(
        batch
    ), "batch must have same number of keys as keys argument"
    return {keys[i]: batch[i] for i in range(len(batch))}



def get_toy_dataset(args, model_cfg, is_train):
    index_path = args.train_data if is_train else args.val_data
    ipc_path = args.train_ipc if is_train else args.val_ipc
    assert index_path and ipc_path
    eval_mode = not is_train
    dataset = ToyDataset(index_path, ipc_path, model_cfg, eval_mode=eval_mode)

    num_samples = len(dataset)
    sampler = (
        DistributedSampler(dataset, shuffle=False)
        if args.distributed and is_train
        else None
    )

    dataloader = DataLoader(
        dataset,
        batch_size=args.batch_size,
        shuffle=False,
        num_workers=args.workers,
        sampler=sampler,
        drop_last=is_train,
    )
    dataloader.num_samples = num_samples
    dataloader.num_batches = len(dataloader)

    return DataInfo(dataloader, sampler)


def get_dataset_fn(dataset_type):
    if dataset_type == "webdataset":
        return get_wds_dataset
    elif dataset_type == "toy":
        return get_toy_dataset
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported dataset type: {dataset_type}")


def get_data(args, model_cfg):
    data = {}

    args.class_index_dict = load_class_label(args.class_label_path)

    if args.datasetinfos is None:
        args.datasetinfos = ["train", "unbalanced_train", "balanced_train"]
    if args.dataset_type == "webdataset":
        args.train_data = get_tar_path_from_dataset_name(
            args.datasetnames,
            args.datasetinfos,
            islocal=not args.remotedata,
            proportion=args.dataset_proportion,
            dataset_path=args.datasetpath,
            full_dataset=args.full_train_dataset,
        )

        if args.full_train_dataset is None:
            args.full_train_dataset = []
        if args.exclude_eval_dataset is None:
            args.exclude_eval_dataset = []
        excluded_eval_datasets = args.full_train_dataset + args.exclude_eval_dataset

        val_dataset_names = [n for n in args.datasetnames if n not in excluded_eval_datasets] \
            if excluded_eval_datasets else args.datasetnames
        args.val_dataset_names = val_dataset_names
        args.val_data = get_tar_path_from_dataset_name(
            val_dataset_names,
            ["valid", "test", "eval"],
            islocal=not args.remotedata,
            proportion=1,
            dataset_path=args.datasetpath,
            full_dataset=None,
        )

    if args.train_data:
        data["train"] = get_dataset_fn(args.dataset_type)(
            args, model_cfg, is_train=True
        )

    if args.val_data:
        data["val"] = get_dataset_fn(args.dataset_type)(
            args, model_cfg, is_train=False
        )

    return data