diff --git a/.changeset/quiet-otters-listen.md b/.changeset/quiet-otters-listen.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..158f5f66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/quiet-otters-listen.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"@nodesecure/js-x-ray": minor
+---
+
+feat(tracer): resolve identifiers assigned an object literal, so `log-usage` detects `pino()`/`winston.createLogger()` config passed via a variable instead of only inline
diff --git a/workspaces/js-x-ray/src/VariableTracer.ts b/workspaces/js-x-ray/src/VariableTracer.ts
index 1d7fdef3..b739a594 100644
--- a/workspaces/js-x-ray/src/VariableTracer.ts
+++ b/workspaces/js-x-ray/src/VariableTracer.ts
@@ -148,6 +148,13 @@ export class VariableTracer extends EventEmitter {
 
   // PUBLIC PROPERTIES
   literalIdentifiers = new Map<string, LiteralIdentifier>();
+  /**
+   * Resolves an identifier assigned an object literal back to its ObjectExpression node.
+   * @example
+   * const opts = { useOnlyCustomLevels: true };
+   * pino(opts); // "opts" resolves via objectIdentifiers
+   */
+  objectIdentifiers = new Map<string, ESTree.ObjectExpression>();
   importedModules = new Set<string>();
 
   // PRIVATE PROPERTIES
@@ -494,6 +501,12 @@ export class VariableTracer extends EventEmitter {
        * ^ ObjectExpression
        */
       case "ObjectExpression": {
+        // Only record top-level assignments (`const x = {...}`) so consumers
+        // can resolve "x" back to its object shape, e.g. `pino(x)`.
+        if (childNode === variableDeclaratorNode.init) {
+          this.objectIdentifiers.set(id.name, childNode);
+        }
+
         for (const property of childNode.properties) {
           let node: ESTree.Node | null = null;
           if (property.type === "Property") {
diff --git a/workspaces/js-x-ray/src/probes/log-usage.ts b/workspaces/js-x-ray/src/probes/log-usage.ts
index c9106140..41658177 100644
--- a/workspaces/js-x-ray/src/probes/log-usage.ts
+++ b/workspaces/js-x-ray/src/probes/log-usage.ts
@@ -123,7 +123,10 @@ function createWinstonCreateLoggerTracerListener(tracer: VariableTracer, logUsag
     let winstonLoggerMethods = winstonCreateLoggerChildLoggerFunctions.get(payload.name) ?? [...kWinstonLogMethods];
 
     winston: if (payload.name === "winston.createLogger") {
-      const winstonContext = payload.arguments[0];
+      const winstonContextArg = payload.arguments[0];
+      const winstonContext = winstonContextArg && isIdentifier(winstonContextArg) ?
+        tracer.objectIdentifiers.get(winstonContextArg.name) :
+        winstonContextArg;
       if (!winstonContext || winstonContext.type !== "ObjectExpression") {
         break winston;
       }
@@ -174,7 +177,10 @@ function createPinoTracerListener(tracer: VariableTracer, logUsages: Set<string>
     let pinoLoggerMethods: string[] = pinoLoggerChildLoggerFunctions.get(payload.name) ?? [...kPinoLogMethods];
 
     pino: if (payload.name === "pino") {
-      const pinoContext = payload.arguments[0];
+      const pinoContextArg = payload.arguments[0];
+      const pinoContext = pinoContextArg && isIdentifier(pinoContextArg) ?
+        tracer.objectIdentifiers.get(pinoContextArg.name) :
+        pinoContextArg;
       if (!pinoContext || pinoContext.type !== "ObjectExpression") {
         break pino;
       }
diff --git a/workspaces/js-x-ray/test/VariableTracer/assignments.spec.ts b/workspaces/js-x-ray/test/VariableTracer/assignments.spec.ts
index 18671c25..0669efa3 100644
--- a/workspaces/js-x-ray/test/VariableTracer/assignments.spec.ts
+++ b/workspaces/js-x-ray/test/VariableTracer/assignments.spec.ts
@@ -157,6 +157,29 @@ test("it should be able to Trace template literals who has being assigned", () =
   });
 });
 
+test("it should be able to resolve an identifier assigned an object literal", () => {
+  const helpers = createTracer();
+
+  helpers.walkOnCode(`
+    const opts = { useOnlyCustomLevels: true, foo: "bar" };
+  `);
+  assert.ok(helpers.tracer.objectIdentifiers.has("opts"));
+
+  const objectNode = helpers.tracer.objectIdentifiers.get("opts")!;
+  assert.strictEqual(objectNode.type, "ObjectExpression");
+  assert.strictEqual(objectNode.properties.length, 2);
+});
+
+test("it should not resolve a non top-level object literal as an identifier", () => {
+  const helpers = createTracer();
+
+  helpers.walkOnCode(`
+    const opts = { nested: { useOnlyCustomLevels: true } };
+  `);
+  assert.ok(helpers.tracer.objectIdentifiers.has("opts"));
+  assert.strictEqual(helpers.tracer.objectIdentifiers.has("nested"), false);
+});
+
 test("it should be able to Trace a global assignment using a LogicalExpression", () => {
   const helpers = createTracer(true);
   const assignments = helpers.getAssignmentArray();
diff --git a/workspaces/js-x-ray/test/probes/log-usage.spec.ts b/workspaces/js-x-ray/test/probes/log-usage.spec.ts
index b4ec58ec..365a055d 100644
--- a/workspaces/js-x-ray/test/probes/log-usage.spec.ts
+++ b/workspaces/js-x-ray/test/probes/log-usage.spec.ts
@@ -383,6 +383,33 @@ describe("log-usage probe", () => {
         assert.strictEqual(firstWarning.value, "logger.foo, logger.bar");
       });
 
+      it("should resolve the whole pino() config object when passed as an identifier", () => {
+        const code = `import pino from "pino";
+
+                    const opts = {
+                    customLevels:{
+                      foo: 35,
+                      bar: 36
+                      },
+                    useOnlyCustomLevels: true,
+                    };
+                    const logger = pino(opts);
+                    logger.info("hello");
+                    logger.warn("hello");
+                    logger.foo("hello");
+                    logger.bar("hello");
+                    `;
+        const { warnings } = new AstAnalyser({
+          optionalWarnings: true
+        }).analyse(code);
+
+        const [firstWarning] = warnings;
+
+        assert.strictEqual(firstWarning.kind, "log-usage");
+        assert.strictEqual(firstWarning.severity, "Information");
+        assert.strictEqual(firstWarning.value, "logger.foo, logger.bar");
+      });
+
       it("should trace default methods as well when useOnlyCustomLevels is false", () => {
         const code = `import pino from "pino";
                     const logger = pino({
@@ -876,6 +903,35 @@ describe("log-usage probe", () => {
             assert.strictEqual(firstWarning.value, "logger.foo, logger.bar");
           });
 
+          it("should resolve the whole winston.createLogger() config object when passed as an identifier", () => {
+            const code = `const winston = require("winston");
+                    const opts = {
+                      format: winston.format.json(),
+                      transports: [new winston.transports.Console()],
+                      levels: {
+                         foo: 1,
+                         bar: 2
+                        }
+                      };
+                    const logger = winston.createLogger(opts);
+
+                    logger.info("hello");
+                    logger.warn("hello");
+                    logger.foo("hello");
+                    logger.bar("hello");
+                    `;
+
+            const { warnings } = new AstAnalyser({
+              optionalWarnings: true
+            }).analyse(code);
+
+            const [firstWarning] = warnings;
+
+            assert.strictEqual(firstWarning.kind, "log-usage");
+            assert.strictEqual(firstWarning.severity, "Information");
+            assert.strictEqual(firstWarning.value, "logger.foo, logger.bar");
+          });
+
           it("should have a child logger who inherit the custom levels from its parent logger", () => {
             const code = `import winston from "winston";
                     const logger = winston.createLogger({