diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/README.md b/benchmarks/client-nav/README.md
index 44b58107e3..6179c7f0b8 100644
--- a/benchmarks/client-nav/README.md
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/README.md
@@ -1,16 +1,80 @@
 # Client Navigation Benchmarks
 
-Cross-framework client-side navigation benchmarks for:
+Cross-framework client-side CPU benchmarks for:
 
 - `@tanstack/react-router`
 - `@tanstack/solid-router`
 - `@tanstack/vue-router`
 
+The benchmarks run in jsdom against production builds of real apps, and are
+tracked in CI by CodSpeed (simulation mode).
+
+> **Scope:** these benchmarks cover the standalone client router only. The
+> client side of TanStack Start (hydration of a server-rendered document,
+> streamed payload consumption, server-function calls from the client, ...) is
+> not covered here; the server side of Start is covered by `benchmarks/ssr`.
+
 ## Layout
 
-- `react/` - React benchmark + Vitest config
-- `solid/` - Solid benchmark + Vitest config
-- `vue/` - Vue benchmark + Vitest config
+- `react/`, `solid/`, `vue/` - baseline benchmark (mixed navigation loop) + Vitest config
+- `vitest.react.config.ts`, `vitest.solid.config.ts`, `vitest.vue.config.ts` - per-framework aggregate configs that run the baseline first, then scenario projects
+- `scenarios/harness.ts` - shared scenario runner (mount, link-click steps, `onRendered` synchronization)
+- `scenarios/<scenario>/shared.ts` - framework-agnostic scenario definition (workload data, step sequence, assertions, bench options)
+- `scenarios/<scenario>/<framework>/` - isolated scenario apps
+
+Scenario app layout:
+
+```text
+scenarios/<scenario>/<framework>/
+  vite.config.ts
+  speed.bench.ts
+  speed.flame.ts
+  setup.ts
+  project.json
+  tsconfig.json
+  src/
+    main.tsx
+    routeTree.gen.ts
+    routes/
+```
+
+Scenario apps use file-based routing (`@tanstack/router-plugin`) with a
+generated `routeTree.gen.ts`, like a regular user app. Each scenario uses one
+app per framework instead of sharing routes in the baseline app. This keeps
+route-tree size and router options isolated so one scenario cannot shift
+another scenario's numbers. The existing baseline apps and bench names stay
+stable for CodSpeed continuity.
+
+## Scenario Responsibilities
+
+Each scenario isolates one client-side responsibility so benchmark changes can
+be attributed to a specific feature area.
+
+| Scenario                                 | Client-side responsibility                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
+| ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| `react/`, `solid/`, `vue/` baseline apps | Mixed navigation loop: path params, search params, route context, and `useParams`/`useSearch`/`useLoaderData` selector subscriptions.                                                                                                                                                                                                |
+| `async-pipeline`                         | The router's async pipeline via counted 0ms timer hops: async loaders (transition-held navigation), async `beforeLoad` context, and parallel nested async loaders. Component-level `Await`/Suspense is excluded: React 19 throttles Suspense reveals by ~300ms wall-clock, which is inherently non-deterministic to benchmark.       |
+| `control-flow`                           | Loader-thrown `redirect` (including a 2-hop chain), `notFound()` with `notFoundComponent`, loader errors with `errorComponent`, and boundary reset on recovery navigation.                                                                                                                                                           |
+| `head`                                   | `HeadContent` per-navigation work: nested route `head()` evaluation, title/meta/link dedupe across matches, and head tag DOM updates during navigation.                                                                                                                                                                              |
+| `history`                                | History push/replace/back/forward traversal, location masking, registered-but-never-blocking `useBlocker`, and `useCanGoBack`/`useLocation` subscriptions.                                                                                                                                                                           |
+| `links`                                  | Per-navigation cost of ~200 mounted `<Link>`s: link prop building, active-state recompute across `activeOptions` variants, `activeProps` swaps, and `useMatchRoute` probes (the `MatchRoute` component is avoided: vue-router's implementation leaks one subscription per render).                                                   |
+| `loaders`                                | Client loader dispatch: always-stale re-runs (`staleTime: 0`), cached revisits (re-run once per lap by the `invalidate` step), `loaderDeps`-keyed caching, `router.invalidate()`, and `useLoaderData` selectors.                                                                                                                     |
+| `mount`                                  | Cold start: `createRouter` (route-tree processing) + first render + initial `router.load()` + unmount, with a fresh router per mount. The only scenario measuring router creation.                                                                                                                                                   |
+| `nested-params`                          | Deep nesting (8 dynamic levels): per-level `params.parse`/`stringify`, `beforeLoad` context accumulation across matches, and per-level `useParams`/`useRouteContext` subscriptions. Param values include characters requiring percent-encoding (as do `route-tree-scale`'s), so segment encode/decode paths run on every navigation. |
+| `preload`                                | Intent preloading from hover events, programmatic `router.preloadRoute`, deterministic preload cache behavior (`defaultPreloadStaleTime: 0`), and commit-time cache maintenance.                                                                                                                                                     |
+| `rewrites`                               | Composed client-side location rewrites: router `basepath` plus a locale input/output rewrite pair, running on every href build and location parse (the client analog of the SSR `rewrites` scenario).                                                                                                                                |
+| `route-tree-scale`                       | Route matching and link-target resolution on a wide (~40 route) tree mixing static, dynamic, prefixed-param, splat, pathless-layout, and route-group paths, with `autoCodeSplitting` enabled so navigations also resolve lazy route chunks.                                                                                          |
+| `search-params`                          | `validateSearch` execution, search middlewares (`retainSearchParams`/`stripSearchParams`), functional search updaters, structural sharing, and `useSearch` selector subscriptions.                                                                                                                                                   |
+
+## Conventions
+
+- Apps are built with `NODE_ENV=production` (`minify: false`) into `dist/app.js`; benches import the built bundle, so production package builds and production JSX output are measured, not dev transforms.
+- Scenarios behave like a real user app: navigation happens through `<Link>` clicks dispatched on real anchor elements (unless a scenario specifically measures the imperative API), the router uses the default browser history, and `scrollRestoration` is enabled.
+- Each benchmark iteration advances a fixed, circular sequence of steps; every step awaits the router's `onRendered` event, so render work is included and steps cannot overlap. No two consecutive steps may target the same location, and the sequence ends back on the initial route.
+- Setup runs one warm-up lap through the sequence and asserts each step's observable output (e.g. `document.title`), so a scenario that silently stops doing its work fails instead of reporting a fast time.
+- Determinism: no wall-clock timers (async work is resolved promises or counted `setTimeout(0)` hops), `staleTime`/`gcTime` only ever `0` or effectively-infinite, no `Math.random`/`Date.now` in the measured loop. Scroll restoration uses `getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname` so its cache stays bounded (the default random per-entry key grows one cache entry per push navigation). The `mount` scenario opts out of `scrollRestoration` entirely and destroys its history on unmount — both register page-lifetime globals that would leak across its mount/unmount loop.
+- Push-only step laps grow jsdom's session-history entry list over a run (jsdom never truncates entries behind the current index). Per-push cost stays O(1) so timings are unaffected; only the `history` scenario needs — and has — a lap that is depth-stationary.
+- Calibration: pick per-iteration step counts so a bench's `vitest bench` run stays roughly between 8 and 30 seconds (long enough to average out, short enough for CI).
 
 ## Run
 
@@ -20,7 +84,7 @@ Run all benchmarks through Nx so dependency builds are part of the graph:
 CI=1 NX_DAEMON=false pnpm nx run @benchmarks/client-nav:test:perf --outputStyle=stream --skipRemoteCache
 ```
 
-Run framework-specific benchmarks:
+Run framework-specific benchmarks (baseline + all scenarios):
 
 ```bash
 CI=1 NX_DAEMON=false pnpm nx run @benchmarks/client-nav:test:perf:react --outputStyle=stream --skipRemoteCache
@@ -28,15 +92,25 @@ CI=1 NX_DAEMON=false pnpm nx run @benchmarks/client-nav:test:perf:solid --output
 CI=1 NX_DAEMON=false pnpm nx run @benchmarks/client-nav:test:perf:vue --outputStyle=stream --skipRemoteCache
 ```
 
+Run a single scenario app manually (after building it through Nx):
+
+```bash
+CI=1 NX_DAEMON=false pnpm nx run @benchmarks/client-nav-<scenario>-<framework>:build:client --outputStyle=stream --skipRemoteCache
+cd benchmarks/client-nav && NODE_ENV=production vitest bench --config ./scenarios/<scenario>/<framework>/vite.config.ts
+```
+
 Run framework-specific flame benchmarks (10 second loop, profiled with `@platformatic/flame`, forced to `NODE_ENV=production`):
 
 ```bash
+# baseline
 CI=1 NX_DAEMON=false pnpm nx run @benchmarks/client-nav:test:flame:react --outputStyle=stream --skipRemoteCache
 CI=1 NX_DAEMON=false pnpm nx run @benchmarks/client-nav:test:flame:solid --outputStyle=stream --skipRemoteCache
 CI=1 NX_DAEMON=false pnpm nx run @benchmarks/client-nav:test:flame:vue --outputStyle=stream --skipRemoteCache
+# scenarios
+CI=1 NX_DAEMON=false pnpm nx run @benchmarks/client-nav-<scenario>-<framework>:test:flame --outputStyle=stream --skipRemoteCache
 ```
 
-Typecheck benchmark sources:
+Typecheck benchmark sources (baseline + scenarios):
 
 ```bash
 CI=1 NX_DAEMON=false pnpm nx run @benchmarks/client-nav:test:types --outputStyle=stream --skipRemoteCache
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/jsdom.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/jsdom.ts
index 05535e693d..855c2a2316 100644
--- a/benchmarks/client-nav/jsdom.ts
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/jsdom.ts
@@ -30,6 +30,11 @@ setGlobal('MutationObserver', window.MutationObserver)
 setGlobal('sessionStorage', window.sessionStorage)
 setGlobal('localStorage', window.localStorage)
 setGlobal('getComputedStyle', window.getComputedStyle.bind(window))
+setGlobal('addEventListener', window.addEventListener.bind(window))
+setGlobal('removeEventListener', window.removeEventListener.bind(window))
+setGlobal('dispatchEvent', window.dispatchEvent.bind(window))
+setGlobal('CustomEvent', window.CustomEvent)
+setGlobal('Event', window.Event)
 
 setGlobal(
   'requestAnimationFrame',
@@ -45,5 +50,6 @@ setGlobal(
 )
 
 window.scrollTo = () => {}
+setGlobal('scrollTo', () => {})
 
 export { window }
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/package.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/package.json
index cb86e70654..701e068b49 100644
--- a/benchmarks/client-nav/package.json
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/package.json
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@
     "test:flame:solid": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./solid/speed.flame.ts",
     "test:flame:vue": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./vue/speed.flame.ts",
     "test:perf": "NODE_ENV=production vitest bench --config ./vitest.config.ts",
-    "test:perf:react": "NODE_ENV=production vitest bench --config ./react/vite.config.ts ./react/speed.bench.ts",
-    "test:perf:solid": "NODE_ENV=production vitest bench --config ./solid/vite.config.ts ./solid/speed.bench.ts",
-    "test:perf:vue": "NODE_ENV=production vitest bench --config ./vue/vite.config.ts ./vue/speed.bench.ts",
+    "test:perf:react": "NODE_ENV=production vitest bench --config ./vitest.react.config.ts",
+    "test:perf:solid": "NODE_ENV=production vitest bench --config ./vitest.solid.config.ts",
+    "test:perf:vue": "NODE_ENV=production vitest bench --config ./vitest.vue.config.ts",
     "test:types": "pnpm run test:types:react && pnpm run test:types:solid && pnpm run test:types:vue",
     "test:types:react": "tsc -p ./react/tsconfig.json --noEmit",
     "test:types:solid": "tsc -p ./solid/tsconfig.json --noEmit",
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
   "devDependencies": {
     "@platformatic/flame": "^1.6.0",
     "@codspeed/vitest-plugin": "^5.5.0",
+    "@tanstack/router-plugin": "workspace:^",
     "@testing-library/react": "^16.2.0",
     "@vitejs/plugin-react": "^6.0.1",
     "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "^6.0.5",
@@ -51,6 +52,23 @@
               "@tanstack/react-router"
             ],
             "target": "build"
+          },
+          {
+            "projects": [
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-async-pipeline-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-control-flow-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-head-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-history-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-links-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-loaders-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-mount-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-nested-params-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-preload-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-rewrites-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-route-tree-scale-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-search-params-react"
+            ],
+            "target": "build:client"
           }
         ]
       },
@@ -62,6 +80,23 @@
               "@tanstack/solid-router"
             ],
             "target": "build"
+          },
+          {
+            "projects": [
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-async-pipeline-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-control-flow-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-head-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-history-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-links-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-loaders-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-mount-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-nested-params-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-preload-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-rewrites-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-route-tree-scale-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-search-params-solid"
+            ],
+            "target": "build:client"
           }
         ]
       },
@@ -73,6 +108,23 @@
               "@tanstack/vue-router"
             ],
             "target": "build"
+          },
+          {
+            "projects": [
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-async-pipeline-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-control-flow-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-head-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-history-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-links-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-loaders-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-mount-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-nested-params-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-preload-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-rewrites-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-route-tree-scale-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-search-params-vue"
+            ],
+            "target": "build:client"
           }
         ]
       },
@@ -123,7 +175,48 @@
       "test:types": {
         "cache": false,
         "dependsOn": [
-          "^build"
+          "^build",
+          {
+            "projects": [
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-async-pipeline-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-async-pipeline-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-async-pipeline-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-control-flow-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-control-flow-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-control-flow-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-head-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-head-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-head-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-history-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-history-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-history-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-links-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-links-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-links-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-loaders-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-loaders-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-loaders-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-mount-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-mount-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-mount-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-nested-params-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-nested-params-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-nested-params-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-preload-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-preload-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-preload-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-rewrites-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-route-tree-scale-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-rewrites-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-route-tree-scale-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-rewrites-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-route-tree-scale-vue",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-search-params-react",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-search-params-solid",
+              "@benchmarks/client-nav-search-params-vue"
+            ],
+            "target": "test:types:client"
+          }
         ]
       }
     }
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/react/vite.config.ts
index ffa1d41be8..adc31ddd64 100644
--- a/benchmarks/client-nav/react/vite.config.ts
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
 import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
 import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
 import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
 
+// Anchor the project root to the package directory so this config resolves
+// identically when run directly and as part of an aggregate `projects` config.
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('..', import.meta.url))
+
 export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
   define: {
     'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
   },
@@ -25,6 +31,6 @@ export default defineConfig({
     name: '@benchmarks/client-nav (react)',
     watch: false,
     environment: 'jsdom',
-    setupFiles: ['./vitest.setup.ts'],
+    setupFiles: [`${rootDir}vitest.setup.ts`],
   },
 })
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..44ab55ccfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-async-pipeline-react",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/async-pipeline/react/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..130583b190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'React',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..68c5f97c2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-async-pipeline', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-async-pipeline navigation loop (react)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4b141859e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+    defaultPendingMs: 0,
+    defaultPendingMinMs: 0,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const reactRoot = createRoot(container)
+  reactRoot.render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      reactRoot.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b3336859a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as NestedRouteImport } from './routes/nested'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as SlowIdRouteImport } from './routes/slow.$id'
+import { Route as NestedIdRouteImport } from './routes/nested.$id'
+import { Route as CtxIdRouteImport } from './routes/ctx.$id'
+
+const NestedRoute = NestedRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/nested',
+  path: '/nested',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SlowIdRoute = SlowIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/slow/$id',
+  path: '/slow/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const NestedIdRoute = NestedIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => NestedRoute,
+} as any)
+const CtxIdRoute = CtxIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/ctx/$id',
+  path: '/ctx/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/nested': typeof NestedRouteWithChildren
+  '/ctx/$id': typeof CtxIdRoute
+  '/nested/$id': typeof NestedIdRoute
+  '/slow/$id': typeof SlowIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/nested': typeof NestedRouteWithChildren
+  '/ctx/$id': typeof CtxIdRoute
+  '/nested/$id': typeof NestedIdRoute
+  '/slow/$id': typeof SlowIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/nested': typeof NestedRouteWithChildren
+  '/ctx/$id': typeof CtxIdRoute
+  '/nested/$id': typeof NestedIdRoute
+  '/slow/$id': typeof SlowIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/nested' | '/ctx/$id' | '/nested/$id' | '/slow/$id'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/nested' | '/ctx/$id' | '/nested/$id' | '/slow/$id'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/nested' | '/ctx/$id' | '/nested/$id' | '/slow/$id'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  NestedRoute: typeof NestedRouteWithChildren
+  CtxIdRoute: typeof CtxIdRoute
+  SlowIdRoute: typeof SlowIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/nested': {
+      id: '/nested'
+      path: '/nested'
+      fullPath: '/nested'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof NestedRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/slow/$id': {
+      id: '/slow/$id'
+      path: '/slow/$id'
+      fullPath: '/slow/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SlowIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/nested/$id': {
+      id: '/nested/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/nested/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof NestedIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof NestedRoute
+    }
+    '/ctx/$id': {
+      id: '/ctx/$id'
+      path: '/ctx/$id'
+      fullPath: '/ctx/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof CtxIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface NestedRouteChildren {
+  NestedIdRoute: typeof NestedIdRoute
+}
+
+const NestedRouteChildren: NestedRouteChildren = {
+  NestedIdRoute: NestedIdRoute,
+}
+
+const NestedRouteWithChildren =
+  NestedRoute._addFileChildren(NestedRouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  NestedRoute: NestedRouteWithChildren,
+  CtxIdRoute: CtxIdRoute,
+  SlowIdRoute: SlowIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1cc8566678
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+const ids = ['1', '2']
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        {ids.map((id) => (
+          <Link
+            key={id}
+            to="/slow/$id"
+            params={{ id }}
+            data-testid={`go-slow-${id}`}
+          >
+            {`Slow ${id}`}
+          </Link>
+        ))}
+        {ids.map((id) => (
+          <Link
+            key={id}
+            to="/ctx/$id"
+            params={{ id }}
+            data-testid={`go-ctx-${id}`}
+          >
+            {`Ctx ${id}`}
+          </Link>
+        ))}
+        {ids.map((id) => (
+          <Link
+            key={id}
+            to="/nested/$id"
+            params={{ id }}
+            data-testid={`go-nested-${id}`}
+          >
+            {`Nested ${id}`}
+          </Link>
+        ))}
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/ctx.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/ctx.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d644376b7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/ctx.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import {
+  ctxSeedValue,
+  ctxStateValue,
+  deferredHops,
+  hopDelay,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/ctx/$id')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  beforeLoad: async ({ params }) => {
+    await hopDelay(deferredHops)
+    return { ctxSeed: ctxSeedValue(params.id) }
+  },
+  loader: ({ params, context }) => {
+    if (context.ctxSeed !== ctxSeedValue(params.id)) {
+      throw new Error('beforeLoad context missing in loader')
+    }
+    return { value: ctxStateValue(params.id) }
+  },
+  component: CtxPage,
+})
+
+function CtxPage() {
+  const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return <div data-testid="ctx-state">{data.value}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5b6d70e744
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/nested.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/nested.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc002c303f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/nested.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { deferredHops, hopDelay, nestedStateValue } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/nested/$id')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: async ({ params }) => {
+    await hopDelay(deferredHops)
+    return { value: nestedStateValue(params.id) }
+  },
+  component: NestedPage,
+})
+
+function NestedPage() {
+  const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return <div data-testid="nested-state">{data.value}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/nested.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/nested.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..443f592373
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/nested.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { deferredHops, hopDelay, nestedLayoutValue } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/nested')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: async () => {
+    await hopDelay(deferredHops)
+    return { value: nestedLayoutValue() }
+  },
+  component: NestedLayout,
+})
+
+function NestedLayout() {
+  const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <div data-testid="nested-layout">{data.value}</div>
+      <Outlet />
+    </section>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/slow.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/slow.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4839b0ca6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/src/routes/slow.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { deferredHops, hopDelay, slowStateValue } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/slow/$id')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: async ({ params }) => {
+    await hopDelay(deferredHops)
+    return { value: slowStateValue(params.id) }
+  },
+  component: SlowPage,
+})
+
+function SlowPage() {
+  const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return <div data-testid="slow-state">{data.value}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d59cbb450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7161c9a13d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'react',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    react(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav async-pipeline (react)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/shared.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/shared.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..02123309b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/shared.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/**
+ * Shared definition of the `async-pipeline` scenario: the router's async
+ * load pipeline — fully async loaders (transition-held navigations), async
+ * `beforeLoad` context building, and parallel nested async loaders. All async
+ * work resolves through counted 0ms timer hops so the workload is
+ * deterministic. The three framework apps consume these builders so the
+ * workload is identical modulo the rendering layer.
+ *
+ * Note: component-level deferred consumption (`Await`/Suspense) is
+ * intentionally NOT covered. React throttles every Suspense reveal (with or
+ * without a fallback, including `pendingComponent`) by ~300ms of wall-clock
+ * time, which cannot be made deterministic; the async work is exercised
+ * through the router's own pipeline instead.
+ */
+import type { ScenarioStep } from '../harness'
+
+/**
+ * Resolves after exactly `hops` chained macrotask turns. Uses `setImmediate`
+ * rather than `setTimeout(0)`: both are counted, deterministic event-loop
+ * turns, but timers cost ~3-4 syscalls per hop (timerfd + epoll) and CodSpeed
+ * excludes syscall time from the measure — inconsistently past a threshold —
+ * which destabilized the hop-heavy benches.
+ */
+export function hopDelay(hops: number): Promise<void> {
+  let promise = Promise.resolve()
+  for (let i = 0; i < hops; i++) {
+    promise = promise.then(
+      () => new Promise<void>((resolve) => setImmediate(() => resolve())),
+    )
+  }
+  return promise
+}
+
+/** Number of 0ms hops every async loader/beforeLoad takes before resolving. */
+export const deferredHops = 2
+
+function checksum(seed: number) {
+  let value = seed | 0
+  for (let index = 0; index < 20; index++) {
+    value = (value * 1664525 + 1013904223 + index) >>> 0
+  }
+  return value
+}
+
+export function slowStateValue(id: string) {
+  return `state-${id}-${checksum(Number(id) * 71 + 3)}`
+}
+
+export function ctxSeedValue(id: string) {
+  return checksum(Number(id) * 13 + 1)
+}
+
+export function ctxStateValue(id: string) {
+  return `ctx-${id}-${checksum(ctxSeedValue(id) + 5)}`
+}
+
+export function nestedLayoutValue() {
+  return `layout-${checksum(97)}`
+}
+
+export function nestedStateValue(id: string) {
+  return `nested-${id}-${checksum(Number(id) * 41 + 11)}`
+}
+
+function markerText(testId: string) {
+  return (
+    document.querySelector(`[data-testid="${testId}"]`)?.textContent ??
+    undefined
+  )
+}
+
+function step(testId: string, isSettled: () => boolean): ScenarioStep {
+  return { type: 'click', testId, isSettled }
+}
+
+export const steps: ReadonlyArray<ScenarioStep> = [
+  step('go-slow-1', () => markerText('slow-state') === slowStateValue('1')),
+  step('go-ctx-1', () => markerText('ctx-state') === ctxStateValue('1')),
+  step(
+    'go-nested-1',
+    () =>
+      markerText('nested-layout') === nestedLayoutValue() &&
+      markerText('nested-state') === nestedStateValue('1'),
+  ),
+  step('go-slow-2', () => markerText('slow-state') === slowStateValue('2')),
+  step('go-ctx-2', () => markerText('ctx-state') === ctxStateValue('2')),
+  step(
+    'go-nested-2',
+    () => markerText('nested-state') === nestedStateValue('2'),
+  ),
+  step('go-home', () => markerText('home-state') === 'home'),
+]
+
+export function assertStepResult(stepIndex: number) {
+  const current = steps[stepIndex]!
+  if (typeof current === 'string' || !('isSettled' in current)) {
+    return
+  }
+  if (!current.isSettled!()) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Unexpected document state after async-pipeline step ${stepIndex}`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+// Two laps through the 7-step sequence per benchmark iteration.
+export const ticksPerIteration = 14
+
+export const benchOptions = {
+  warmupIterations: 100,
+  time: 10_000,
+  throws: true,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2fce426b1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-async-pipeline-solid",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a46971603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Solid',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d1f620f447
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-async-pipeline', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-async-pipeline navigation loop (solid)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..92dcc74d0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { render } from 'solid-js/web'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+    defaultPendingMs: 0,
+    defaultPendingMinMs: 0,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const unmount = render(() => <RouterProvider router={router} />, container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7c15baf4e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as NestedRouteImport } from './routes/nested'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as SlowIdRouteImport } from './routes/slow.$id'
+import { Route as NestedIdRouteImport } from './routes/nested.$id'
+import { Route as CtxIdRouteImport } from './routes/ctx.$id'
+
+const NestedRoute = NestedRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/nested',
+  path: '/nested',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SlowIdRoute = SlowIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/slow/$id',
+  path: '/slow/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const NestedIdRoute = NestedIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => NestedRoute,
+} as any)
+const CtxIdRoute = CtxIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/ctx/$id',
+  path: '/ctx/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/nested': typeof NestedRouteWithChildren
+  '/ctx/$id': typeof CtxIdRoute
+  '/nested/$id': typeof NestedIdRoute
+  '/slow/$id': typeof SlowIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/nested': typeof NestedRouteWithChildren
+  '/ctx/$id': typeof CtxIdRoute
+  '/nested/$id': typeof NestedIdRoute
+  '/slow/$id': typeof SlowIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/nested': typeof NestedRouteWithChildren
+  '/ctx/$id': typeof CtxIdRoute
+  '/nested/$id': typeof NestedIdRoute
+  '/slow/$id': typeof SlowIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/nested' | '/ctx/$id' | '/nested/$id' | '/slow/$id'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/nested' | '/ctx/$id' | '/nested/$id' | '/slow/$id'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/nested' | '/ctx/$id' | '/nested/$id' | '/slow/$id'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  NestedRoute: typeof NestedRouteWithChildren
+  CtxIdRoute: typeof CtxIdRoute
+  SlowIdRoute: typeof SlowIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/nested': {
+      id: '/nested'
+      path: '/nested'
+      fullPath: '/nested'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof NestedRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/slow/$id': {
+      id: '/slow/$id'
+      path: '/slow/$id'
+      fullPath: '/slow/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SlowIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/nested/$id': {
+      id: '/nested/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/nested/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof NestedIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof NestedRoute
+    }
+    '/ctx/$id': {
+      id: '/ctx/$id'
+      path: '/ctx/$id'
+      fullPath: '/ctx/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof CtxIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface NestedRouteChildren {
+  NestedIdRoute: typeof NestedIdRoute
+}
+
+const NestedRouteChildren: NestedRouteChildren = {
+  NestedIdRoute: NestedIdRoute,
+}
+
+const NestedRouteWithChildren =
+  NestedRoute._addFileChildren(NestedRouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  NestedRoute: NestedRouteWithChildren,
+  CtxIdRoute: CtxIdRoute,
+  SlowIdRoute: SlowIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7d3647fee8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import { For } from 'solid-js'
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+const ids = ['1', '2']
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <For each={ids}>
+          {(id) => (
+            <Link to="/slow/$id" params={{ id }} data-testid={`go-slow-${id}`}>
+              {`Slow ${id}`}
+            </Link>
+          )}
+        </For>
+        <For each={ids}>
+          {(id) => (
+            <Link to="/ctx/$id" params={{ id }} data-testid={`go-ctx-${id}`}>
+              {`Ctx ${id}`}
+            </Link>
+          )}
+        </For>
+        <For each={ids}>
+          {(id) => (
+            <Link
+              to="/nested/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              data-testid={`go-nested-${id}`}
+            >
+              {`Nested ${id}`}
+            </Link>
+          )}
+        </For>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/ctx.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/ctx.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e757b57b9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/ctx.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import {
+  ctxSeedValue,
+  ctxStateValue,
+  deferredHops,
+  hopDelay,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/ctx/$id')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  beforeLoad: async ({ params }) => {
+    await hopDelay(deferredHops)
+    return { ctxSeed: ctxSeedValue(params.id) }
+  },
+  loader: ({ params, context }) => {
+    if (context.ctxSeed !== ctxSeedValue(params.id)) {
+      throw new Error('beforeLoad context missing in loader')
+    }
+    return { value: ctxStateValue(params.id) }
+  },
+  component: CtxPage,
+})
+
+function CtxPage() {
+  const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return <div data-testid="ctx-state">{data().value}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..12907d440d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/nested.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/nested.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5518ccf498
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/nested.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { deferredHops, hopDelay, nestedStateValue } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/nested/$id')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: async ({ params }) => {
+    await hopDelay(deferredHops)
+    return { value: nestedStateValue(params.id) }
+  },
+  component: NestedPage,
+})
+
+function NestedPage() {
+  const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return <div data-testid="nested-state">{data().value}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/nested.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/nested.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fdc939dc95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/nested.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { deferredHops, hopDelay, nestedLayoutValue } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/nested')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: async () => {
+    await hopDelay(deferredHops)
+    return { value: nestedLayoutValue() }
+  },
+  component: NestedLayout,
+})
+
+function NestedLayout() {
+  const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <div data-testid="nested-layout">{data().value}</div>
+      <Outlet />
+    </section>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/slow.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/slow.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4c229407e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/src/routes/slow.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { deferredHops, hopDelay, slowStateValue } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/slow/$id')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: async ({ params }) => {
+    await hopDelay(deferredHops)
+    return { value: slowStateValue(params.id) }
+  },
+  component: SlowPage,
+})
+
+function SlowPage() {
+  const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return <div data-testid="slow-state">{data().value}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98d76ad6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "solid-js",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5107c1f056
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'solid',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    solid({ hot: false, dev: false }),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['solid', 'browser'],
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav async-pipeline (solid)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+    server: {
+      deps: {
+        inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..911bb61e38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-async-pipeline-vue",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97b74b3892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Vue',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eeb568323c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-async-pipeline', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-async-pipeline navigation loop (vue)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d8e659fb09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+    defaultPendingMs: 0,
+    defaultPendingMinMs: 0,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const component = <RouterProvider router={router} />
+  const app = Vue.createApp({
+    render: () => component,
+  })
+
+  app.mount(container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      app.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ce26dc62d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as NestedRouteImport } from './routes/nested'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as SlowIdRouteImport } from './routes/slow.$id'
+import { Route as NestedIdRouteImport } from './routes/nested.$id'
+import { Route as CtxIdRouteImport } from './routes/ctx.$id'
+
+const NestedRoute = NestedRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/nested',
+  path: '/nested',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SlowIdRoute = SlowIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/slow/$id',
+  path: '/slow/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const NestedIdRoute = NestedIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => NestedRoute,
+} as any)
+const CtxIdRoute = CtxIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/ctx/$id',
+  path: '/ctx/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/nested': typeof NestedRouteWithChildren
+  '/ctx/$id': typeof CtxIdRoute
+  '/nested/$id': typeof NestedIdRoute
+  '/slow/$id': typeof SlowIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/nested': typeof NestedRouteWithChildren
+  '/ctx/$id': typeof CtxIdRoute
+  '/nested/$id': typeof NestedIdRoute
+  '/slow/$id': typeof SlowIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/nested': typeof NestedRouteWithChildren
+  '/ctx/$id': typeof CtxIdRoute
+  '/nested/$id': typeof NestedIdRoute
+  '/slow/$id': typeof SlowIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/nested' | '/ctx/$id' | '/nested/$id' | '/slow/$id'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/nested' | '/ctx/$id' | '/nested/$id' | '/slow/$id'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/nested' | '/ctx/$id' | '/nested/$id' | '/slow/$id'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  NestedRoute: typeof NestedRouteWithChildren
+  CtxIdRoute: typeof CtxIdRoute
+  SlowIdRoute: typeof SlowIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/nested': {
+      id: '/nested'
+      path: '/nested'
+      fullPath: '/nested'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof NestedRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/slow/$id': {
+      id: '/slow/$id'
+      path: '/slow/$id'
+      fullPath: '/slow/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SlowIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/nested/$id': {
+      id: '/nested/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/nested/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof NestedIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof NestedRoute
+    }
+    '/ctx/$id': {
+      id: '/ctx/$id'
+      path: '/ctx/$id'
+      fullPath: '/ctx/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof CtxIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface NestedRouteChildren {
+  NestedIdRoute: typeof NestedIdRoute
+}
+
+const NestedRouteChildren: NestedRouteChildren = {
+  NestedIdRoute: NestedIdRoute,
+}
+
+const NestedRouteWithChildren =
+  NestedRoute._addFileChildren(NestedRouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  NestedRoute: NestedRouteWithChildren,
+  CtxIdRoute: CtxIdRoute,
+  SlowIdRoute: SlowIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c477ab7e68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const ids = ['1', '2']
+
+const RootComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <nav>
+          <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+            Home
+          </Link>
+          {ids.map((id) => (
+            <Link
+              key={id}
+              to="/slow/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              data-testid={`go-slow-${id}`}
+            >
+              {`Slow ${id}`}
+            </Link>
+          ))}
+          {ids.map((id) => (
+            <Link
+              key={id}
+              to="/ctx/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              data-testid={`go-ctx-${id}`}
+            >
+              {`Ctx ${id}`}
+            </Link>
+          ))}
+          {ids.map((id) => (
+            <Link
+              key={id}
+              to="/nested/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              data-testid={`go-nested-${id}`}
+            >
+              {`Nested ${id}`}
+            </Link>
+          ))}
+        </nav>
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/ctx.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/ctx.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d995f1ff6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/ctx.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import {
+  ctxSeedValue,
+  ctxStateValue,
+  deferredHops,
+  hopDelay,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+const CtxPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+    return () => <div data-testid="ctx-state">{data.value.value}</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/ctx/$id')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  beforeLoad: async ({ params }) => {
+    await hopDelay(deferredHops)
+    return { ctxSeed: ctxSeedValue(params.id) }
+  },
+  loader: ({ params, context }) => {
+    if (context.ctxSeed !== ctxSeedValue(params.id)) {
+      throw new Error('beforeLoad context missing in loader')
+    }
+    return { value: ctxStateValue(params.id) }
+  },
+  component: CtxPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..128e132190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const HomePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/nested.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/nested.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bbeaaa7dd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/nested.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { deferredHops, hopDelay, nestedStateValue } from '../../../shared'
+
+const NestedPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+    return () => <div data-testid="nested-state">{data.value.value}</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/nested/$id')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: async ({ params }) => {
+    await hopDelay(deferredHops)
+    return { value: nestedStateValue(params.id) }
+  },
+  component: NestedPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/nested.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/nested.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..763657dfc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/nested.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { deferredHops, hopDelay, nestedLayoutValue } from '../../../shared'
+
+const NestedLayout = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+    return () => (
+      <section>
+        <div data-testid="nested-layout">{data.value.value}</div>
+        <Outlet />
+      </section>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/nested')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: async () => {
+    await hopDelay(deferredHops)
+    return { value: nestedLayoutValue() }
+  },
+  component: NestedLayout,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/slow.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/slow.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c9afccba97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/src/routes/slow.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { deferredHops, hopDelay, slowStateValue } from '../../../shared'
+
+const SlowPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+    return () => <div data-testid="slow-state">{data.value.value}</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/slow/$id')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: async ({ params }) => {
+    await hopDelay(deferredHops)
+    return { value: slowStateValue(params.id) }
+  },
+  component: SlowPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7786fc3da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "vue",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e16a8ee828
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/async-pipeline/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'vue',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    vue(),
+    vueJsx(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav async-pipeline (vue)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e3e580911f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-control-flow-react",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/control-flow/react/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..130583b190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'React',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..55a2224d3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-control-flow', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-control-flow navigation loop (react)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a0c3d3b50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  // The scenario intentionally throws loader errors every lap; keep React 19's
+  // default per-caught-error console reporting out of the measured loop.
+  const reactRoot = createRoot(container, { onCaughtError: () => {} })
+  reactRoot.render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      reactRoot.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86edcc8472
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as TargetRouteImport } from './routes/target'
+import { Route as Hop2RouteImport } from './routes/hop2'
+import { Route as Hop1RouteImport } from './routes/hop1'
+import { Route as BrokenRouteImport } from './routes/broken'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as MissingIdRouteImport } from './routes/missing.$id'
+
+const TargetRoute = TargetRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/target',
+  path: '/target',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const Hop2Route = Hop2RouteImport.update({
+  id: '/hop2',
+  path: '/hop2',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const Hop1Route = Hop1RouteImport.update({
+  id: '/hop1',
+  path: '/hop1',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const BrokenRoute = BrokenRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/broken',
+  path: '/broken',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const MissingIdRoute = MissingIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/missing/$id',
+  path: '/missing/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/broken': typeof BrokenRoute
+  '/hop1': typeof Hop1Route
+  '/hop2': typeof Hop2Route
+  '/target': typeof TargetRoute
+  '/missing/$id': typeof MissingIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/broken': typeof BrokenRoute
+  '/hop1': typeof Hop1Route
+  '/hop2': typeof Hop2Route
+  '/target': typeof TargetRoute
+  '/missing/$id': typeof MissingIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/broken': typeof BrokenRoute
+  '/hop1': typeof Hop1Route
+  '/hop2': typeof Hop2Route
+  '/target': typeof TargetRoute
+  '/missing/$id': typeof MissingIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/broken' | '/hop1' | '/hop2' | '/target' | '/missing/$id'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/broken' | '/hop1' | '/hop2' | '/target' | '/missing/$id'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/broken'
+    | '/hop1'
+    | '/hop2'
+    | '/target'
+    | '/missing/$id'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  BrokenRoute: typeof BrokenRoute
+  Hop1Route: typeof Hop1Route
+  Hop2Route: typeof Hop2Route
+  TargetRoute: typeof TargetRoute
+  MissingIdRoute: typeof MissingIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/target': {
+      id: '/target'
+      path: '/target'
+      fullPath: '/target'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof TargetRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/hop2': {
+      id: '/hop2'
+      path: '/hop2'
+      fullPath: '/hop2'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof Hop2RouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/hop1': {
+      id: '/hop1'
+      path: '/hop1'
+      fullPath: '/hop1'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof Hop1RouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/broken': {
+      id: '/broken'
+      path: '/broken'
+      fullPath: '/broken'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof BrokenRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/missing/$id': {
+      id: '/missing/$id'
+      path: '/missing/$id'
+      fullPath: '/missing/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof MissingIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  BrokenRoute: BrokenRoute,
+  Hop1Route: Hop1Route,
+  Hop2Route: Hop2Route,
+  TargetRoute: TargetRoute,
+  MissingIdRoute: MissingIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..63d5feb901
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useLocation,
+} from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function LocationMarker() {
+  const pathname = useLocation({ select: (location) => location.pathname })
+  return <span data-testid="loc">{pathname}</span>
+}
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <LocationMarker />
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/hop1" data-testid="go-hop1">
+          Redirect chain
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/missing/$id"
+          params={{ id: 'exists' }}
+          data-testid="go-missing-ok"
+        >
+          Missing ok
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/missing/$id"
+          params={{ id: 'gone' }}
+          data-testid="go-missing-gone"
+        >
+          Missing gone
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/broken" data-testid="go-broken">
+          Broken
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/target" data-testid="go-target">
+          Target
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/broken.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/broken.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2dc4a26486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/broken.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { errorMessage } from '../../../shared'
+import type { ErrorComponentProps } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/broken')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: () => {
+    throw new Error(errorMessage)
+  },
+  errorComponent: BrokenError,
+})
+
+function BrokenError(props: ErrorComponentProps) {
+  return <div data-testid="error-state">{props.error.message}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/hop1.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/hop1.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aacba39384
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/hop1.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute, redirect } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/hop1')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: () => {
+    throw redirect({ to: '/hop2' })
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/hop2.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/hop2.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..db31abe9f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/hop2.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute, redirect } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/hop2')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: () => {
+    throw redirect({ to: '/target' })
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..24e856ea15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/missing.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/missing.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c807bb2bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/missing.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { createFileRoute, notFound } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/missing/$id')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: ({ params }) => {
+    if (params.id === 'gone') {
+      throw notFound()
+    }
+    return { id: params.id }
+  },
+  component: MissingPage,
+  notFoundComponent: MissingNotFound,
+})
+
+function MissingPage() {
+  const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+  return <div data-testid="missing-state">{data.id}</div>
+}
+
+function MissingNotFound() {
+  return <div data-testid="not-found-state">missing not found</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/target.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/target.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..280f65835e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/src/routes/target.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/target')({
+  component: TargetPage,
+})
+
+function TargetPage() {
+  return <div data-testid="target-state">target</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d59cbb450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1aa2c1fa35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'react',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    react(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav control-flow (react)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/shared.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/shared.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c4f368bee1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/shared.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/**
+ * Shared definition of the `control-flow` scenario: loader-thrown redirects
+ * (including a 2-hop chain), notFound() rendering, loader errors through the
+ * route error boundary, and recovery navigation resetting the boundary.
+ */
+import type { ScenarioStep } from '../harness'
+
+export const errorMessage = 'bench-error'
+
+export const steps: ReadonlyArray<ScenarioStep> = [
+  {
+    type: 'click',
+    testId: 'go-hop1',
+    // The click lands on /hop1 whose loader chains redirects to /target; wait
+    // until the post-redirect location is committed before finishing the step.
+    isSettled: () =>
+      document.querySelector('[data-testid="loc"]')?.textContent === '/target',
+  },
+  'go-missing-ok',
+  'go-missing-gone',
+  'go-broken',
+  'go-target',
+  'go-missing-gone',
+  'home',
+]
+
+interface StepExpectation {
+  loc: string
+  present: ReadonlyArray<string>
+  absent?: ReadonlyArray<string>
+  errorText?: string
+}
+
+const expectations: ReadonlyArray<StepExpectation> = [
+  { loc: '/target', present: ['target-state'] },
+  { loc: '/missing/exists', present: ['missing-state'] },
+  {
+    loc: '/missing/gone',
+    present: ['not-found-state'],
+    absent: ['missing-state'],
+  },
+  { loc: '/broken', present: ['error-state'], errorText: errorMessage },
+  { loc: '/target', present: ['target-state'], absent: ['error-state'] },
+  { loc: '/missing/gone', present: ['not-found-state'] },
+  { loc: '/', present: ['home-state'] },
+]
+
+export function assertStepResult(stepIndex: number, container: HTMLElement) {
+  const expectation = expectations[stepIndex % expectations.length]!
+
+  const loc = container.querySelector('[data-testid="loc"]')
+  if (loc?.textContent !== expectation.loc) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected location "${expectation.loc}" after step ${stepIndex}, received "${loc?.textContent ?? '<missing>'}"`,
+    )
+  }
+
+  for (const testId of expectation.present) {
+    const element = container.querySelector(`[data-testid="${testId}"]`)
+    if (!element) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Expected [data-testid="${testId}"] after step ${stepIndex}`,
+      )
+    }
+    if (
+      expectation.errorText &&
+      !element.textContent?.includes(expectation.errorText)
+    ) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Expected [data-testid="${testId}"] to include "${expectation.errorText}", received "${element.textContent}"`,
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (const testId of expectation.absent ?? []) {
+    if (container.querySelector(`[data-testid="${testId}"]`)) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Expected [data-testid="${testId}"] to be absent after step ${stepIndex}`,
+      )
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Two laps through the 7-step sequence per benchmark iteration.
+export const ticksPerIteration = 14
+
+export const benchOptions = {
+  warmupIterations: 100,
+  time: 10_000,
+  throws: true,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b5154d385
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-control-flow-solid",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/control-flow/solid/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a46971603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Solid',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..abbb85a575
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-control-flow', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-control-flow navigation loop (solid)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..817045bd02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { render } from 'solid-js/web'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const unmount = render(() => <RouterProvider router={router} />, container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..44d88e9f8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as TargetRouteImport } from './routes/target'
+import { Route as Hop2RouteImport } from './routes/hop2'
+import { Route as Hop1RouteImport } from './routes/hop1'
+import { Route as BrokenRouteImport } from './routes/broken'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as MissingIdRouteImport } from './routes/missing.$id'
+
+const TargetRoute = TargetRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/target',
+  path: '/target',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const Hop2Route = Hop2RouteImport.update({
+  id: '/hop2',
+  path: '/hop2',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const Hop1Route = Hop1RouteImport.update({
+  id: '/hop1',
+  path: '/hop1',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const BrokenRoute = BrokenRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/broken',
+  path: '/broken',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const MissingIdRoute = MissingIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/missing/$id',
+  path: '/missing/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/broken': typeof BrokenRoute
+  '/hop1': typeof Hop1Route
+  '/hop2': typeof Hop2Route
+  '/target': typeof TargetRoute
+  '/missing/$id': typeof MissingIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/broken': typeof BrokenRoute
+  '/hop1': typeof Hop1Route
+  '/hop2': typeof Hop2Route
+  '/target': typeof TargetRoute
+  '/missing/$id': typeof MissingIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/broken': typeof BrokenRoute
+  '/hop1': typeof Hop1Route
+  '/hop2': typeof Hop2Route
+  '/target': typeof TargetRoute
+  '/missing/$id': typeof MissingIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/broken' | '/hop1' | '/hop2' | '/target' | '/missing/$id'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/broken' | '/hop1' | '/hop2' | '/target' | '/missing/$id'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/broken'
+    | '/hop1'
+    | '/hop2'
+    | '/target'
+    | '/missing/$id'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  BrokenRoute: typeof BrokenRoute
+  Hop1Route: typeof Hop1Route
+  Hop2Route: typeof Hop2Route
+  TargetRoute: typeof TargetRoute
+  MissingIdRoute: typeof MissingIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/target': {
+      id: '/target'
+      path: '/target'
+      fullPath: '/target'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof TargetRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/hop2': {
+      id: '/hop2'
+      path: '/hop2'
+      fullPath: '/hop2'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof Hop2RouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/hop1': {
+      id: '/hop1'
+      path: '/hop1'
+      fullPath: '/hop1'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof Hop1RouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/broken': {
+      id: '/broken'
+      path: '/broken'
+      fullPath: '/broken'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof BrokenRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/missing/$id': {
+      id: '/missing/$id'
+      path: '/missing/$id'
+      fullPath: '/missing/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof MissingIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  BrokenRoute: BrokenRoute,
+  Hop1Route: Hop1Route,
+  Hop2Route: Hop2Route,
+  TargetRoute: TargetRoute,
+  MissingIdRoute: MissingIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1bce9e8a3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useLocation,
+} from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function LocationMarker() {
+  const pathname = useLocation({ select: (location) => location.pathname })
+  return <span data-testid="loc">{pathname()}</span>
+}
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <LocationMarker />
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/hop1" data-testid="go-hop1">
+          Redirect chain
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/missing/$id"
+          params={{ id: 'exists' }}
+          data-testid="go-missing-ok"
+        >
+          Missing ok
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/missing/$id"
+          params={{ id: 'gone' }}
+          data-testid="go-missing-gone"
+        >
+          Missing gone
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/broken" data-testid="go-broken">
+          Broken
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/target" data-testid="go-target">
+          Target
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/broken.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/broken.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9931ef9c58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/broken.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { errorMessage } from '../../../shared'
+import type { ErrorComponentProps } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/broken')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: () => {
+    throw new Error(errorMessage)
+  },
+  errorComponent: BrokenError,
+})
+
+function BrokenError(props: ErrorComponentProps) {
+  return <div data-testid="error-state">{props.error.message}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/hop1.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/hop1.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1aedb481ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/hop1.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute, redirect } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/hop1')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: () => {
+    throw redirect({ to: '/hop2' })
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/hop2.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/hop2.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..91b601c516
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/hop2.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute, redirect } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/hop2')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: () => {
+    throw redirect({ to: '/target' })
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc46764de5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/missing.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/missing.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9c0493fb48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/missing.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { createFileRoute, notFound } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/missing/$id')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: ({ params }) => {
+    if (params.id === 'gone') {
+      throw notFound()
+    }
+    return { id: params.id }
+  },
+  component: MissingPage,
+  notFoundComponent: MissingNotFound,
+})
+
+function MissingPage() {
+  const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+  return <div data-testid="missing-state">{data().id}</div>
+}
+
+function MissingNotFound() {
+  return <div data-testid="not-found-state">missing not found</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/target.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/target.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..87de4e59a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/src/routes/target.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/target')({
+  component: TargetPage,
+})
+
+function TargetPage() {
+  return <div data-testid="target-state">target</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98d76ad6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "solid-js",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1c6244d3d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'solid',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    solid({ hot: false, dev: false }),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['solid', 'browser'],
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav control-flow (solid)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+    server: {
+      deps: {
+        inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7370687988
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-control-flow-vue",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/control-flow/vue/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97b74b3892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Vue',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..551b88e68f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-control-flow', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-control-flow navigation loop (vue)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c96d3f3a2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const component = <RouterProvider router={router} />
+  const app = Vue.createApp({
+    render: () => component,
+  })
+
+  app.mount(container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      app.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..60fc846f89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as TargetRouteImport } from './routes/target'
+import { Route as Hop2RouteImport } from './routes/hop2'
+import { Route as Hop1RouteImport } from './routes/hop1'
+import { Route as BrokenRouteImport } from './routes/broken'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as MissingIdRouteImport } from './routes/missing.$id'
+
+const TargetRoute = TargetRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/target',
+  path: '/target',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const Hop2Route = Hop2RouteImport.update({
+  id: '/hop2',
+  path: '/hop2',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const Hop1Route = Hop1RouteImport.update({
+  id: '/hop1',
+  path: '/hop1',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const BrokenRoute = BrokenRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/broken',
+  path: '/broken',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const MissingIdRoute = MissingIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/missing/$id',
+  path: '/missing/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/broken': typeof BrokenRoute
+  '/hop1': typeof Hop1Route
+  '/hop2': typeof Hop2Route
+  '/target': typeof TargetRoute
+  '/missing/$id': typeof MissingIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/broken': typeof BrokenRoute
+  '/hop1': typeof Hop1Route
+  '/hop2': typeof Hop2Route
+  '/target': typeof TargetRoute
+  '/missing/$id': typeof MissingIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/broken': typeof BrokenRoute
+  '/hop1': typeof Hop1Route
+  '/hop2': typeof Hop2Route
+  '/target': typeof TargetRoute
+  '/missing/$id': typeof MissingIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/broken' | '/hop1' | '/hop2' | '/target' | '/missing/$id'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/broken' | '/hop1' | '/hop2' | '/target' | '/missing/$id'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/broken'
+    | '/hop1'
+    | '/hop2'
+    | '/target'
+    | '/missing/$id'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  BrokenRoute: typeof BrokenRoute
+  Hop1Route: typeof Hop1Route
+  Hop2Route: typeof Hop2Route
+  TargetRoute: typeof TargetRoute
+  MissingIdRoute: typeof MissingIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/target': {
+      id: '/target'
+      path: '/target'
+      fullPath: '/target'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof TargetRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/hop2': {
+      id: '/hop2'
+      path: '/hop2'
+      fullPath: '/hop2'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof Hop2RouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/hop1': {
+      id: '/hop1'
+      path: '/hop1'
+      fullPath: '/hop1'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof Hop1RouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/broken': {
+      id: '/broken'
+      path: '/broken'
+      fullPath: '/broken'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof BrokenRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/missing/$id': {
+      id: '/missing/$id'
+      path: '/missing/$id'
+      fullPath: '/missing/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof MissingIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  BrokenRoute: BrokenRoute,
+  Hop1Route: Hop1Route,
+  Hop2Route: Hop2Route,
+  TargetRoute: TargetRoute,
+  MissingIdRoute: MissingIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9695c4b32d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useLocation,
+} from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const LocationMarker = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const pathname = useLocation({ select: (location) => location.pathname })
+    return () => <span data-testid="loc">{pathname.value}</span>
+  },
+})
+
+const RootComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <LocationMarker />
+        <nav>
+          <Link to="/" data-testid="home">
+            Home
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/hop1" data-testid="go-hop1">
+            Redirect chain
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/missing/$id"
+            params={{ id: 'exists' }}
+            data-testid="go-missing-ok"
+          >
+            Missing ok
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/missing/$id"
+            params={{ id: 'gone' }}
+            data-testid="go-missing-gone"
+          >
+            Missing gone
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/broken" data-testid="go-broken">
+            Broken
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/target" data-testid="go-target">
+            Target
+          </Link>
+        </nav>
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/broken.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/broken.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c67fa2817e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/broken.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { errorMessage } from '../../../shared'
+
+const BrokenError = Vue.defineComponent({
+  props: {
+    error: { type: Error, required: true },
+  },
+  setup(props) {
+    return () => <div data-testid="error-state">{props.error.message}</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/broken')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: () => {
+    throw new Error(errorMessage)
+  },
+  errorComponent: BrokenError,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/hop1.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/hop1.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ed00cefe3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/hop1.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute, redirect } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/hop1')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: () => {
+    throw redirect({ to: '/hop2' })
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/hop2.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/hop2.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f6d4b1c1e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/hop2.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute, redirect } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/hop2')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: () => {
+    throw redirect({ to: '/target' })
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f3ffc58610
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const HomePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/missing.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/missing.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..022ea656a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/missing.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute, notFound } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const MissingPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+    return () => <div data-testid="missing-state">{data.value.id}</div>
+  },
+})
+
+const MissingNotFound = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="not-found-state">missing not found</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/missing/$id')({
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  loader: ({ params }) => {
+    if (params.id === 'gone') {
+      throw notFound()
+    }
+    return { id: params.id }
+  },
+  component: MissingPage,
+  notFoundComponent: MissingNotFound,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/target.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/target.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4e22d0993a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/src/routes/target.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const TargetPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="target-state">target</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/target')({
+  component: TargetPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7786fc3da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "vue",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4694cf69c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/control-flow/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'vue',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    vue(),
+    vueJsx(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav control-flow (vue)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/harness.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/harness.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7b993d0ed8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/harness.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,371 @@
+import { getRequiredLink, waitForRequiredLink } from '../setup-helpers'
+
+export interface ScenarioRouter {
+  load: () => Promise<void>
+  subscribe: (eventType: 'onRendered', callback: () => void) => () => void
+  navigate: (options: any) => Promise<void>
+  preloadRoute: (options: any) => Promise<any>
+  invalidate: () => Promise<void>
+  history: {
+    back: () => void
+    forward: () => void
+    go: (index: number) => void
+  }
+}
+
+export interface MountedScenarioApp {
+  router: ScenarioRouter
+  unmount: () => void
+}
+
+/**
+ * A single benchmark step. Plain strings are link-click steps (the common
+ * case). Steps that change the router location (`click`, `navigate`, `back`,
+ * `forward`, `go`) are awaited through the router's `onRendered` event; steps
+ * that do background work (`hover`, `preload`, `invalidate`) are awaited
+ * through a fixed number of 0ms timer hops so the loop stays deterministic.
+ */
+export type ScenarioStep =
+  | string
+  | {
+      type: 'click'
+      testId: string
+      /**
+       * Optional post-render settle predicate for steps that trigger work
+       * finishing after `onRendered` (e.g. deferred data resolving through a
+       * Suspense boundary). The step keeps taking 0ms timer hops until the
+       * predicate returns true (bounded, throws when exceeded).
+       */
+      isSettled?: () => boolean
+    }
+  | {
+      /**
+       * Dispatches a single `mouseover` on the link, which triggers
+       * `preload: 'intent'` exactly once in every adapter: React synthesizes
+       * `mouseEnter` from `mouseover`, and Solid/Vue attach a native
+       * `mouseover` preload handler. (Solid/Vue also listen to `mouseenter` —
+       * dispatching both events would run the preload pipeline twice for them
+       * but only once for React.) Then settles via counted 0ms hops.
+       */
+      type: 'hover'
+      testId: string
+      settleHops?: number
+    }
+  | { type: 'navigate'; getOptions: () => object }
+  | { type: 'preload'; getOptions: () => object; settleHops?: number }
+  | { type: 'invalidate'; settleHops?: number }
+  | { type: 'back' }
+  | { type: 'forward' }
+  | { type: 'go'; delta: number }
+
+/**
+ * One macrotask turn via `setImmediate` rather than `setTimeout(0)`: both
+ * yield deterministically to the event loop (timers, MessageChannel, React's
+ * Node scheduler), but a timer costs ~3-4 syscalls (timerfd + epoll) per hop
+ * while an immediate costs ~1. CodSpeed excludes syscall time from the
+ * measure — inconsistently past a threshold, which flagged the hop-heavy
+ * benches as "skipped" — so the loop must stay syscall-lean.
+ */
+const timerHop = () =>
+  new Promise<void>((resolve) => setImmediate(() => resolve()))
+
+async function settle(hops: number) {
+  for (let i = 0; i < hops; i++) {
+    await timerHop()
+  }
+}
+
+const MAX_SETTLE_HOPS = 100
+
+async function settleUntil(isSettled: () => boolean, label: string) {
+  for (let i = 0; i < MAX_SETTLE_HOPS; i++) {
+    if (isSettled()) {
+      return
+    }
+    await timerHop()
+  }
+  throw new Error(
+    `Step "${label}" did not settle within ${MAX_SETTLE_HOPS} timer hops`,
+  )
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reroute zero-delay `window.setTimeout` calls onto `setImmediate` for the
+ * duration of the benchmark. jsdom delivers history traversals through two
+ * nested `window.setTimeout(0)` tasks; Node clamps those to 1ms of wall
+ * time, so with nothing else pending the event loop blocks in `epoll_wait`
+ * until each timer expires — and that blocked wall-time is recorded as
+ * highly variable syscall time (5-26ms across runs), enough for CodSpeed to
+ * skip-warn the history benches. Zero-delay timeouts carry no ordering
+ * semantics a check-phase immediate doesn't satisfy, and the suite's
+ * conventions already forbid real-delay timers in measured code; non-zero
+ * delays are passed through untouched.
+ */
+function patchZeroDelayTimeouts() {
+  const originalSetTimeout = window.setTimeout.bind(window)
+  const originalClearTimeout = window.clearTimeout.bind(window)
+  const immediates = new Map<number, NodeJS.Immediate>()
+  // Negative ids cannot collide with real jsdom timer ids.
+  let nextImmediateId = -2
+
+  window.setTimeout = ((
+    handler: (...handlerArgs: Array<any>) => void,
+    delay?: number,
+    ...args: Array<any>
+  ) => {
+    if (!delay) {
+      const id = nextImmediateId--
+      immediates.set(
+        id,
+        setImmediate(() => {
+          immediates.delete(id)
+          handler(...args)
+        }),
+      )
+      return id
+    }
+    return originalSetTimeout(handler, delay, ...args)
+  }) as typeof window.setTimeout
+
+  window.clearTimeout = ((id: number) => {
+    const immediate = immediates.get(id)
+    if (immediate) {
+      clearImmediate(immediate)
+      immediates.delete(id)
+      return
+    }
+    originalClearTimeout(id)
+  }) as typeof window.clearTimeout
+
+  return () => {
+    window.setTimeout = originalSetTimeout as typeof window.setTimeout
+    window.clearTimeout = originalClearTimeout as typeof window.clearTimeout
+  }
+}
+
+export interface ScenarioSetupOptions {
+  frameworkLabel: string
+  mount: (container: HTMLElement) => MountedScenarioApp
+  /**
+   * Circular sequence of steps advanced by `tick()`. Link steps must target
+   * links rendered from the start (e.g. in the root layout), no two
+   * consecutive location-changing steps may target the same location (a
+   * same-location click never triggers `onRendered`), and the sequence must
+   * leave the app back on the initial route so the warm-up lap ends in the
+   * starting state.
+   */
+  steps: ReadonlyArray<ScenarioStep>
+  /** Sanity check run once per step during the warm-up lap in `before()`. */
+  assertAfterStep?: (stepIndex: number, container: HTMLElement) => void
+  /**
+   * URL the window is reset to before mounting (default '/'). Scenarios whose
+   * router uses a `basepath` or an input rewrite must start on an external
+   * URL that maps to their initial route.
+   */
+  initialUrl?: string
+}
+
+function warnAboutDevMode(frameworkLabel: string) {
+  if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
+    console.warn(
+      `client-nav scenario benchmark is running without NODE_ENV=production; ${frameworkLabel} dev overhead will dominate results.`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Shared scenario runner: mounts the prebuilt app, then advances a circular
+ * sequence of steps, synchronizing each step so its work is fully part of the
+ * measured tick and steps cannot overlap.
+ */
+export function createScenarioSetup(options: ScenarioSetupOptions) {
+  warnAboutDevMode(options.frameworkLabel)
+
+  let container: HTMLDivElement | undefined = undefined
+  let unmount: (() => void) | undefined = undefined
+  let unsub = () => {}
+  let restoreTimeouts = () => {}
+  let stepIndex = 0
+  let next: () => Promise<void> = () =>
+    Promise.reject(new Error('Benchmark not initialized'))
+
+  async function before() {
+    stepIndex = 0
+    restoreTimeouts = patchZeroDelayTimeouts()
+    window.history.replaceState(null, '', options.initialUrl ?? '/')
+    container = document.createElement('div')
+    document.body.append(container)
+
+    const { router, unmount: dispose } = options.mount(container)
+    unmount = dispose
+
+    let resolveRendered: () => void = () => {}
+    unsub = router.subscribe('onRendered', () => {
+      resolveRendered()
+    })
+
+    const cachedLinks = new Map<string, HTMLAnchorElement>()
+    const rendered = () =>
+      new Promise<void>((resolveNext) => {
+        resolveRendered = resolveNext
+      })
+
+    const runStep = async (step: ScenarioStep) => {
+      if (typeof step === 'string') {
+        step = { type: 'click', testId: step }
+      }
+
+      switch (step.type) {
+        case 'click': {
+          const renderedPromise = rendered()
+          getRequiredLink(container!, step.testId, cachedLinks).dispatchEvent(
+            new MouseEvent('click', {
+              bubbles: true,
+              cancelable: true,
+              button: 0,
+            }),
+          )
+          await renderedPromise
+          if (step.isSettled) {
+            await settleUntil(step.isSettled, `click ${step.testId}`)
+          }
+          return
+        }
+        case 'hover': {
+          const link = getRequiredLink(container!, step.testId, cachedLinks)
+          link.dispatchEvent(
+            new MouseEvent('mouseover', { bubbles: true, cancelable: true }),
+          )
+          await settle(step.settleHops ?? 4)
+          return
+        }
+        case 'navigate': {
+          const renderedPromise = rendered()
+          router.navigate(step.getOptions())
+          await renderedPromise
+          return
+        }
+        case 'preload': {
+          await router.preloadRoute(step.getOptions())
+          await settle(step.settleHops ?? 2)
+          return
+        }
+        case 'invalidate': {
+          await router.invalidate()
+          await settle(step.settleHops ?? 2)
+          return
+        }
+        case 'back': {
+          const renderedPromise = rendered()
+          router.history.back()
+          await renderedPromise
+          return
+        }
+        case 'forward': {
+          const renderedPromise = rendered()
+          router.history.forward()
+          await renderedPromise
+          return
+        }
+        case 'go': {
+          const renderedPromise = rendered()
+          router.history.go(step.delta)
+          await renderedPromise
+          return
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    await router.load()
+
+    const linkTestIds = new Set<string>()
+    for (const step of options.steps) {
+      if (typeof step === 'string') {
+        linkTestIds.add(step)
+      } else if (step.type === 'click' || step.type === 'hover') {
+        linkTestIds.add(step.testId)
+      }
+    }
+    for (const testId of linkTestIds) {
+      await waitForRequiredLink(container, testId, cachedLinks)
+    }
+
+    // One warm-up lap that also sanity-checks each step's observable output,
+    // ending back on the initial route so measurement starts from a known state.
+    for (const [index, step] of options.steps.entries()) {
+      await runStep(step)
+      options.assertAfterStep?.(index, container)
+    }
+
+    next = () => {
+      const step = options.steps[stepIndex % options.steps.length]!
+      stepIndex += 1
+      return runStep(step)
+    }
+  }
+
+  function after() {
+    unmount?.()
+    container?.remove()
+    unsub()
+    restoreTimeouts()
+    restoreTimeouts = () => {}
+    unmount = undefined
+    container = undefined
+  }
+
+  function tick() {
+    return next()
+  }
+
+  return {
+    before,
+    tick,
+    after,
+  }
+}
+
+export interface MountLoopSetupOptions {
+  frameworkLabel: string
+  mount: (container: HTMLElement) => MountedScenarioApp
+  /** Test id that must appear in the container before a mount counts as done. */
+  readyTestId: string
+  assertReady?: (container: HTMLElement) => void
+}
+
+/**
+ * Mount-loop runner for cold-start scenarios: every tick creates a fresh
+ * container, mounts the app (router creation included), waits for the initial
+ * render to commit, then unmounts and cleans up.
+ */
+export function createMountLoopSetup(options: MountLoopSetupOptions) {
+  warnAboutDevMode(options.frameworkLabel)
+
+  async function tick() {
+    window.history.replaceState(null, '', '/')
+    const container = document.createElement('div')
+    document.body.append(container)
+
+    const { router, unmount } = options.mount(container)
+
+    try {
+      await router.load()
+      await settleUntil(
+        () =>
+          container.querySelector(`[data-testid="${options.readyTestId}"]`) !==
+          null,
+        `mount ${options.readyTestId}`,
+      )
+      options.assertReady?.(container)
+    } finally {
+      unmount()
+      container.remove()
+    }
+  }
+
+  return {
+    before: async () => {},
+    tick,
+    after: () => {},
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1becf30fb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-head-react",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/head/react/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1a28b0ca94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, stepTestIds } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'React',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps: stepTestIds,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c71b426c56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-head', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-head navigation loop (react)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef0b99555c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const reactRoot = createRoot(container)
+  reactRoot.render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      reactRoot.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5c80a3104e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as SettingsRouteImport } from './routes/settings'
+import { Route as DocsRouteImport } from './routes/docs'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as DocsSectionRouteImport } from './routes/docs.$section'
+import { Route as ArticlesIdRouteImport } from './routes/articles.$id'
+
+const SettingsRoute = SettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const DocsRoute = DocsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/docs',
+  path: '/docs',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const DocsSectionRoute = DocsSectionRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$section',
+  path: '/$section',
+  getParentRoute: () => DocsRoute,
+} as any)
+const ArticlesIdRoute = ArticlesIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/articles/$id',
+  path: '/articles/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRouteWithChildren
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/articles/$id': typeof ArticlesIdRoute
+  '/docs/$section': typeof DocsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRouteWithChildren
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/articles/$id': typeof ArticlesIdRoute
+  '/docs/$section': typeof DocsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRouteWithChildren
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/articles/$id': typeof ArticlesIdRoute
+  '/docs/$section': typeof DocsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/docs' | '/settings' | '/articles/$id' | '/docs/$section'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/docs' | '/settings' | '/articles/$id' | '/docs/$section'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/docs'
+    | '/settings'
+    | '/articles/$id'
+    | '/docs/$section'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  DocsRoute: typeof DocsRouteWithChildren
+  SettingsRoute: typeof SettingsRoute
+  ArticlesIdRoute: typeof ArticlesIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/settings': {
+      id: '/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/docs': {
+      id: '/docs'
+      path: '/docs'
+      fullPath: '/docs'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof DocsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/docs/$section': {
+      id: '/docs/$section'
+      path: '/$section'
+      fullPath: '/docs/$section'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof DocsSectionRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof DocsRoute
+    }
+    '/articles/$id': {
+      id: '/articles/$id'
+      path: '/articles/$id'
+      fullPath: '/articles/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ArticlesIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface DocsRouteChildren {
+  DocsSectionRoute: typeof DocsSectionRoute
+}
+
+const DocsRouteChildren: DocsRouteChildren = {
+  DocsSectionRoute: DocsSectionRoute,
+}
+
+const DocsRouteWithChildren = DocsRoute._addFileChildren(DocsRouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  DocsRoute: DocsRouteWithChildren,
+  SettingsRoute: SettingsRoute,
+  ArticlesIdRoute: ArticlesIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3d61dad0e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import {
+  HeadContent,
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+} from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { articleIds, docsSections, rootHead } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  head: rootHead,
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <HeadContent />
+      <nav>
+        <Link
+          to="/"
+          data-testid="go-home"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        {docsSections.map((section) => (
+          <Link
+            key={section}
+            to="/docs/$section"
+            params={{ section }}
+            data-testid={`go-docs-${section}`}
+            activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+          >
+            {`Docs ${section}`}
+          </Link>
+        ))}
+        {articleIds.map((id) => (
+          <Link
+            key={id}
+            to="/articles/$id"
+            params={{ id }}
+            data-testid={`go-article-${id}`}
+            activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+          >
+            {`Article ${id}`}
+          </Link>
+        ))}
+        <Link
+          to="/settings"
+          data-testid="go-settings"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Settings
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/articles.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/articles.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f5b78d60e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/articles.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { articleDescription, articleHead, articleTitle } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/articles/$id')({
+  head: ({ params }) => articleHead(params.id),
+  component: ArticlePage,
+})
+
+function ArticlePage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <article>
+      <h1>{articleTitle(params.id)}</h1>
+      <p>{articleDescription(params.id)}</p>
+    </article>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/docs.$section.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/docs.$section.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6ed1935ada
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/docs.$section.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { docsDescription, docsSectionHead, docsTitle } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/docs/$section')({
+  head: ({ params }) => docsSectionHead(params.section),
+  component: DocsSectionPage,
+})
+
+function DocsSectionPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <article>
+      <h1>{docsTitle(params.section)}</h1>
+      <p>{docsDescription(params.section)}</p>
+    </article>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/docs.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/docs.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a2da216ddb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/docs.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { docsLayoutHead } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/docs')({
+  head: docsLayoutHead,
+  component: DocsLayout,
+})
+
+function DocsLayout() {
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <h2>Docs</h2>
+      <Outlet />
+    </section>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6ac318452f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { homeHead, homeTitle } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  head: homeHead,
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1>{homeTitle}</h1>
+      <p>Landing page</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cd73902bff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/src/routes/settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { settingsHead, settingsTitle } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/settings')({
+  head: settingsHead,
+  component: SettingsPage,
+})
+
+function SettingsPage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1>{settingsTitle}</h1>
+      <p>Account settings</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d59cbb450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..086bd60bb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'react',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    react(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav head (react)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/shared.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/shared.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..db185d602b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/shared.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+/**
+ * Shared definition of the `head` scenario: route head() payloads, the click
+ * sequence, and per-step sanity assertions. The three framework apps consume
+ * these builders so the workload is identical modulo the rendering layer.
+ */
+
+const siteName = 'Head Bench'
+
+export const docsSections = ['api', 'guide', 'cli'] as const
+export const articleIds = ['1', '2', '3'] as const
+
+export const homeTitle = `Home | ${siteName}`
+export const settingsTitle = `Settings | ${siteName}`
+
+export function docsTitle(section: string) {
+  return `Docs ${section} | ${siteName}`
+}
+
+export function docsDescription(section: string) {
+  return `Documentation for the ${section} section of the head benchmark app.`
+}
+
+export function articleTitle(id: string) {
+  return `Article ${id} | ${siteName}`
+}
+
+export function articleDescription(id: string) {
+  return `Long-form article number ${id}, with a description sized like a realistic summary of the page content.`
+}
+
+export function rootHead() {
+  return {
+    meta: [
+      { charSet: 'utf-8' },
+      { name: 'viewport', content: 'width=device-width, initial-scale=1' },
+      { name: 'application-name', content: siteName },
+      { name: 'description', content: 'Client head-management benchmark' },
+      { name: 'theme-color', content: '#111827' },
+      { property: 'og:type', content: 'website' },
+      { property: 'og:site_name', content: siteName },
+    ],
+    links: [
+      { rel: 'icon', href: '/favicon.ico' },
+      { rel: 'preconnect', href: 'https://assets.example.com' },
+    ],
+  }
+}
+
+export function homeHead() {
+  return {
+    meta: [
+      { title: homeTitle },
+      { name: 'description', content: 'Landing page of the head benchmark' },
+      { property: 'og:title', content: homeTitle },
+    ],
+    links: [{ rel: 'canonical', href: 'https://example.com/' }],
+  }
+}
+
+export function docsLayoutHead() {
+  return {
+    meta: [
+      // Overridden by the child section route on every docs navigation, so the
+      // dedupe path is exercised for both `name` and `property` entries.
+      { name: 'description', content: 'Documentation hub' },
+      { property: 'og:title', content: `Docs | ${siteName}` },
+      { name: 'docsearch:index', content: 'head-bench-docs' },
+    ],
+    links: [{ rel: 'search', href: '/docs/opensearch.xml' }],
+  }
+}
+
+export function docsSectionHead(section: string) {
+  return {
+    meta: [
+      { title: docsTitle(section) },
+      { name: 'description', content: docsDescription(section) },
+      { name: 'keywords', content: `docs,${section},router,benchmark` },
+      { property: 'og:title', content: docsTitle(section) },
+      { property: 'og:description', content: docsDescription(section) },
+      { property: 'og:url', content: `https://example.com/docs/${section}` },
+      { name: 'twitter:card', content: 'summary' },
+      { name: 'twitter:title', content: docsTitle(section) },
+    ],
+    links: [
+      { rel: 'canonical', href: `https://example.com/docs/${section}` },
+      { rel: 'prev', href: `https://example.com/docs/${section}/intro` },
+    ],
+  }
+}
+
+export function articleHead(id: string) {
+  return {
+    meta: [
+      { title: articleTitle(id) },
+      { name: 'description', content: articleDescription(id) },
+      { name: 'author', content: 'Bench Author' },
+      { property: 'og:title', content: articleTitle(id) },
+      { property: 'og:description', content: articleDescription(id) },
+      { property: 'og:url', content: `https://example.com/articles/${id}` },
+      { property: 'og:image', content: `https://example.com/covers/${id}.png` },
+      { property: 'article:published_time', content: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z' },
+      { name: 'twitter:card', content: 'summary_large_image' },
+      { name: 'twitter:title', content: articleTitle(id) },
+    ],
+    links: [{ rel: 'canonical', href: `https://example.com/articles/${id}` }],
+  }
+}
+
+export function settingsHead() {
+  return {
+    meta: [
+      { title: settingsTitle },
+      // Same names as root entries, so the child-wins dedupe path runs.
+      { name: 'description', content: 'Account settings' },
+      { name: 'theme-color', content: '#f9fafb' },
+      { name: 'robots', content: 'noindex' },
+    ],
+    links: [],
+  }
+}
+
+export const steps = [
+  { testId: 'go-docs-api', title: docsTitle('api') },
+  { testId: 'go-article-1', title: articleTitle('1') },
+  { testId: 'go-docs-guide', title: docsTitle('guide') },
+  { testId: 'go-settings', title: settingsTitle },
+  { testId: 'go-article-2', title: articleTitle('2') },
+  { testId: 'go-docs-cli', title: docsTitle('cli') },
+  { testId: 'go-article-3', title: articleTitle('3') },
+  { testId: 'go-home', title: homeTitle },
+] as const
+
+export const stepTestIds = steps.map((step) => step.testId)
+
+export function assertStepResult(stepIndex: number) {
+  const expected = steps[stepIndex]!.title
+  if (document.title !== expected) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected document.title to be "${expected}" after step ${stepIndex}, received "${document.title}"`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+// Two laps through the 8-step sequence per benchmark iteration.
+export const ticksPerIteration = 16
+
+export const benchOptions = {
+  warmupIterations: 100,
+  time: 10_000,
+  throws: true,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2575a19b89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-head-solid",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/head/solid/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4ee924acff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, stepTestIds } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Solid',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps: stepTestIds,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ea0a5ca818
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-head', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-head navigation loop (solid)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..817045bd02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { render } from 'solid-js/web'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const unmount = render(() => <RouterProvider router={router} />, container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ead6a4436a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as SettingsRouteImport } from './routes/settings'
+import { Route as DocsRouteImport } from './routes/docs'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as DocsSectionRouteImport } from './routes/docs.$section'
+import { Route as ArticlesIdRouteImport } from './routes/articles.$id'
+
+const SettingsRoute = SettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const DocsRoute = DocsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/docs',
+  path: '/docs',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const DocsSectionRoute = DocsSectionRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$section',
+  path: '/$section',
+  getParentRoute: () => DocsRoute,
+} as any)
+const ArticlesIdRoute = ArticlesIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/articles/$id',
+  path: '/articles/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRouteWithChildren
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/articles/$id': typeof ArticlesIdRoute
+  '/docs/$section': typeof DocsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRouteWithChildren
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/articles/$id': typeof ArticlesIdRoute
+  '/docs/$section': typeof DocsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRouteWithChildren
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/articles/$id': typeof ArticlesIdRoute
+  '/docs/$section': typeof DocsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/docs' | '/settings' | '/articles/$id' | '/docs/$section'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/docs' | '/settings' | '/articles/$id' | '/docs/$section'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/docs'
+    | '/settings'
+    | '/articles/$id'
+    | '/docs/$section'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  DocsRoute: typeof DocsRouteWithChildren
+  SettingsRoute: typeof SettingsRoute
+  ArticlesIdRoute: typeof ArticlesIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/settings': {
+      id: '/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/docs': {
+      id: '/docs'
+      path: '/docs'
+      fullPath: '/docs'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof DocsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/docs/$section': {
+      id: '/docs/$section'
+      path: '/$section'
+      fullPath: '/docs/$section'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof DocsSectionRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof DocsRoute
+    }
+    '/articles/$id': {
+      id: '/articles/$id'
+      path: '/articles/$id'
+      fullPath: '/articles/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ArticlesIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface DocsRouteChildren {
+  DocsSectionRoute: typeof DocsSectionRoute
+}
+
+const DocsRouteChildren: DocsRouteChildren = {
+  DocsSectionRoute: DocsSectionRoute,
+}
+
+const DocsRouteWithChildren = DocsRoute._addFileChildren(DocsRouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  DocsRoute: DocsRouteWithChildren,
+  SettingsRoute: SettingsRoute,
+  ArticlesIdRoute: ArticlesIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..52ca7da373
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import { For } from 'solid-js'
+import {
+  HeadContent,
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+} from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { articleIds, docsSections, rootHead } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  head: rootHead,
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <HeadContent />
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <For each={docsSections}>
+          {(section) => (
+            <Link
+              to="/docs/$section"
+              params={{ section }}
+              data-testid={`go-docs-${section}`}
+              activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+            >
+              {`Docs ${section}`}
+            </Link>
+          )}
+        </For>
+        <For each={articleIds}>
+          {(id) => (
+            <Link
+              to="/articles/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              data-testid={`go-article-${id}`}
+              activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+            >
+              {`Article ${id}`}
+            </Link>
+          )}
+        </For>
+        <Link
+          to="/settings"
+          data-testid="go-settings"
+          activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Settings
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/articles.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/articles.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dab11ada18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/articles.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { articleDescription, articleHead, articleTitle } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/articles/$id')({
+  head: ({ params }) => articleHead(params.id),
+  component: ArticlePage,
+})
+
+function ArticlePage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <article>
+      <h1>{articleTitle(params().id)}</h1>
+      <p>{articleDescription(params().id)}</p>
+    </article>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/docs.$section.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/docs.$section.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ab1123e7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/docs.$section.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { docsDescription, docsSectionHead, docsTitle } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/docs/$section')({
+  head: ({ params }) => docsSectionHead(params.section),
+  component: DocsSectionPage,
+})
+
+function DocsSectionPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <article>
+      <h1>{docsTitle(params().section)}</h1>
+      <p>{docsDescription(params().section)}</p>
+    </article>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/docs.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/docs.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f84b214d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/docs.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { docsLayoutHead } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/docs')({
+  head: docsLayoutHead,
+  component: DocsLayout,
+})
+
+function DocsLayout() {
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <h2>Docs</h2>
+      <Outlet />
+    </section>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..229eecc8c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { homeHead, homeTitle } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  head: homeHead,
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1>{homeTitle}</h1>
+      <p>Landing page</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..88424caef3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/src/routes/settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { settingsHead, settingsTitle } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/settings')({
+  head: settingsHead,
+  component: SettingsPage,
+})
+
+function SettingsPage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1>{settingsTitle}</h1>
+      <p>Account settings</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98d76ad6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "solid-js",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7b5a1e22b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'solid',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    solid({ hot: false, dev: false }),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['solid', 'browser'],
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav head (solid)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+    server: {
+      deps: {
+        inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ad7909d74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-head-vue",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/head/vue/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3dd6bc95a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, stepTestIds } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Vue',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps: stepTestIds,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3630032e44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-head', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-head navigation loop (vue)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c96d3f3a2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const component = <RouterProvider router={router} />
+  const app = Vue.createApp({
+    render: () => component,
+  })
+
+  app.mount(container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      app.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b115854c26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as SettingsRouteImport } from './routes/settings'
+import { Route as DocsRouteImport } from './routes/docs'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as DocsSectionRouteImport } from './routes/docs.$section'
+import { Route as ArticlesIdRouteImport } from './routes/articles.$id'
+
+const SettingsRoute = SettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const DocsRoute = DocsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/docs',
+  path: '/docs',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const DocsSectionRoute = DocsSectionRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$section',
+  path: '/$section',
+  getParentRoute: () => DocsRoute,
+} as any)
+const ArticlesIdRoute = ArticlesIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/articles/$id',
+  path: '/articles/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRouteWithChildren
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/articles/$id': typeof ArticlesIdRoute
+  '/docs/$section': typeof DocsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRouteWithChildren
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/articles/$id': typeof ArticlesIdRoute
+  '/docs/$section': typeof DocsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRouteWithChildren
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/articles/$id': typeof ArticlesIdRoute
+  '/docs/$section': typeof DocsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/docs' | '/settings' | '/articles/$id' | '/docs/$section'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/docs' | '/settings' | '/articles/$id' | '/docs/$section'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/docs'
+    | '/settings'
+    | '/articles/$id'
+    | '/docs/$section'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  DocsRoute: typeof DocsRouteWithChildren
+  SettingsRoute: typeof SettingsRoute
+  ArticlesIdRoute: typeof ArticlesIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/settings': {
+      id: '/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/docs': {
+      id: '/docs'
+      path: '/docs'
+      fullPath: '/docs'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof DocsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/docs/$section': {
+      id: '/docs/$section'
+      path: '/$section'
+      fullPath: '/docs/$section'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof DocsSectionRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof DocsRoute
+    }
+    '/articles/$id': {
+      id: '/articles/$id'
+      path: '/articles/$id'
+      fullPath: '/articles/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ArticlesIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface DocsRouteChildren {
+  DocsSectionRoute: typeof DocsSectionRoute
+}
+
+const DocsRouteChildren: DocsRouteChildren = {
+  DocsSectionRoute: DocsSectionRoute,
+}
+
+const DocsRouteWithChildren = DocsRoute._addFileChildren(DocsRouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  DocsRoute: DocsRouteWithChildren,
+  SettingsRoute: SettingsRoute,
+  ArticlesIdRoute: ArticlesIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad87699fef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import {
+  HeadContent,
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+} from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { articleIds, docsSections, rootHead } from '../../../shared'
+
+const RootComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <HeadContent />
+        <nav>
+          <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+            Home
+          </Link>
+          {docsSections.map((section) => (
+            <Link
+              key={section}
+              to="/docs/$section"
+              params={{ section }}
+              data-testid={`go-docs-${section}`}
+              activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+            >
+              {`Docs ${section}`}
+            </Link>
+          ))}
+          {articleIds.map((id) => (
+            <Link
+              key={id}
+              to="/articles/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              data-testid={`go-article-${id}`}
+              activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+            >
+              {`Article ${id}`}
+            </Link>
+          ))}
+          <Link
+            to="/settings"
+            data-testid="go-settings"
+            activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+          >
+            Settings
+          </Link>
+        </nav>
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  head: rootHead,
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/articles.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/articles.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..43a6fade58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/articles.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { articleDescription, articleHead, articleTitle } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ArticlePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <article>
+        <h1>{articleTitle(params.value.id)}</h1>
+        <p>{articleDescription(params.value.id)}</p>
+      </article>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/articles/$id')({
+  head: ({ params }) => articleHead(params.id),
+  component: ArticlePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/docs.$section.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/docs.$section.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ebb59d61a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/docs.$section.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { docsDescription, docsSectionHead, docsTitle } from '../../../shared'
+
+const DocsSectionPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <article>
+        <h1>{docsTitle(params.value.section)}</h1>
+        <p>{docsDescription(params.value.section)}</p>
+      </article>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/docs/$section')({
+  head: ({ params }) => docsSectionHead(params.section),
+  component: DocsSectionPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/docs.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/docs.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..feabbc4d4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/docs.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { docsLayoutHead } from '../../../shared'
+
+const DocsLayout = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <section>
+        <h2>Docs</h2>
+        <Outlet />
+      </section>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/docs')({
+  head: docsLayoutHead,
+  component: DocsLayout,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..421478833f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { homeHead, homeTitle } from '../../../shared'
+
+const HomePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <h1>{homeTitle}</h1>
+        <p>Landing page</p>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  head: homeHead,
+  component: HomePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1a519e16c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/src/routes/settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { settingsHead, settingsTitle } from '../../../shared'
+
+const SettingsPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <h1>{settingsTitle}</h1>
+        <p>Account settings</p>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/settings')({
+  head: settingsHead,
+  component: SettingsPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7786fc3da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "vue",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0ad2067925
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/head/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'vue',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    vue(),
+    vueJsx(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav head (vue)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a2fe0001be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-history-react",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/history/react/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..130583b190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'React',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..df2c951c03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-history', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-history navigation loop (react)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef0b99555c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const reactRoot = createRoot(container)
+  reactRoot.render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      reactRoot.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..61cc83c4c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as GalleryRouteImport } from './routes/gallery'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as PhotosPhotoIdRouteImport } from './routes/photos.$photoId'
+import { Route as PagesNRouteImport } from './routes/pages.$n'
+
+const GalleryRoute = GalleryRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/gallery',
+  path: '/gallery',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const PhotosPhotoIdRoute = PhotosPhotoIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/photos/$photoId',
+  path: '/photos/$photoId',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const PagesNRoute = PagesNRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/pages/$n',
+  path: '/pages/$n',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/gallery': typeof GalleryRoute
+  '/pages/$n': typeof PagesNRoute
+  '/photos/$photoId': typeof PhotosPhotoIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/gallery': typeof GalleryRoute
+  '/pages/$n': typeof PagesNRoute
+  '/photos/$photoId': typeof PhotosPhotoIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/gallery': typeof GalleryRoute
+  '/pages/$n': typeof PagesNRoute
+  '/photos/$photoId': typeof PhotosPhotoIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/gallery' | '/pages/$n' | '/photos/$photoId'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/gallery' | '/pages/$n' | '/photos/$photoId'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/gallery' | '/pages/$n' | '/photos/$photoId'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  GalleryRoute: typeof GalleryRoute
+  PagesNRoute: typeof PagesNRoute
+  PhotosPhotoIdRoute: typeof PhotosPhotoIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/gallery': {
+      id: '/gallery'
+      path: '/gallery'
+      fullPath: '/gallery'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof GalleryRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/photos/$photoId': {
+      id: '/photos/$photoId'
+      path: '/photos/$photoId'
+      fullPath: '/photos/$photoId'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof PhotosPhotoIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/pages/$n': {
+      id: '/pages/$n'
+      path: '/pages/$n'
+      fullPath: '/pages/$n'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof PagesNRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  GalleryRoute: GalleryRoute,
+  PagesNRoute: PagesNRoute,
+  PhotosPhotoIdRoute: PhotosPhotoIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..240d8719d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useBlocker,
+  useCanGoBack,
+  useLocation,
+} from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { maskedPhotoId, shouldBlockFn } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  const pathname = useLocation({ select: (location) => location.pathname })
+  const canGoBack = useCanGoBack()
+
+  useBlocker({ shouldBlockFn })
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <span data-testid="loc">{pathname}</span>
+        <button data-testid="can-go-back" disabled={!canGoBack}>
+          Back
+        </button>
+        <Link
+          to="/pages/$n"
+          params={{ n: '1' }}
+          data-testid="p-1"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Page 1
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/pages/$n"
+          params={{ n: '2' }}
+          data-testid="p-2"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Page 2
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/pages/$n"
+          params={{ n: '3' }}
+          replace
+          data-testid="p-3-replace"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Page 3 (replace)
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/photos/$photoId"
+          params={{ photoId: maskedPhotoId }}
+          mask={{ to: '/gallery' }}
+          data-testid="photo-masked"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Photo (masked)
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/gallery.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/gallery.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..55094556a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/gallery.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/gallery')({
+  component: GalleryPage,
+})
+
+function GalleryPage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1 data-testid="gallery-state">Gallery</h1>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..932a72f2ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1 data-testid="home-state">Home</h1>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/pages.$n.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/pages.$n.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b9c5e2f8d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/pages.$n.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { pageLabel } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/pages/$n')({
+  component: PageComponent,
+})
+
+function PageComponent() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1 data-testid="page-state">{pageLabel(params.n)}</h1>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/photos.$photoId.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/photos.$photoId.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..793b531c89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/src/routes/photos.$photoId.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { photoLabel } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/photos/$photoId')({
+  component: PhotoComponent,
+})
+
+function PhotoComponent() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1 data-testid="photo-state">{photoLabel(params.photoId)}</h1>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d59cbb450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..61a1b2feef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'react',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    react(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav history (react)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/shared.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/shared.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9ddfa6c104
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/shared.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/**
+ * Shared definition of the `history` scenario: push/replace/back/forward
+ * traversal, location masking, blocker registration overhead (the blocker
+ * never blocks), and useLocation/useCanGoBack subscriptions.
+ *
+ * The step lap is designed to keep the history depth stationary: it ends back
+ * on the initial entry, so the first push of the next lap truncates the stale
+ * forward tail and the session history never grows past 4 entries.
+ */
+import type { ScenarioStep } from '../harness'
+
+export const pageIds = ['1', '2', '3'] as const
+export const maskedPhotoId = '42'
+
+export function pageLabel(n: string) {
+  return `Page ${n}`
+}
+
+export function photoLabel(id: string) {
+  return `Photo ${id}`
+}
+
+/** Registered on every navigation, never blocks. */
+export const shouldBlockFn = () => false
+
+interface HistoryStepExpectation {
+  step: ScenarioStep
+  /** Expected router location pathname (the REAL location, even when masked). */
+  pathname: string
+  /** Expected window.location pathname when it differs (location masking). */
+  windowPathname?: string
+  /** Marker test id that must be present in the container after the step. */
+  marker?: string
+}
+
+export const stepExpectations: ReadonlyArray<HistoryStepExpectation> = [
+  { step: 'p-1', pathname: '/pages/1', marker: 'page-state' },
+  { step: 'p-2', pathname: '/pages/2', marker: 'page-state' },
+  {
+    step: 'photo-masked',
+    pathname: `/photos/${maskedPhotoId}`,
+    windowPathname: '/gallery',
+    marker: 'photo-state',
+  },
+  { step: { type: 'back' }, pathname: '/pages/2', marker: 'page-state' },
+  { step: { type: 'back' }, pathname: '/pages/1', marker: 'page-state' },
+  { step: { type: 'forward' }, pathname: '/pages/2', marker: 'page-state' },
+  { step: 'p-3-replace', pathname: '/pages/3', marker: 'page-state' },
+  { step: { type: 'back' }, pathname: '/pages/1', marker: 'page-state' },
+  { step: { type: 'back' }, pathname: '/', marker: 'home-state' },
+]
+
+export const steps = stepExpectations.map((expectation) => expectation.step)
+
+export function assertStepResult(stepIndex: number, container: HTMLElement) {
+  const expected = stepExpectations[stepIndex]!
+
+  const loc = container.querySelector('[data-testid="loc"]')?.textContent
+  if (loc !== expected.pathname) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected location marker to be "${expected.pathname}" after step ${stepIndex}, received "${loc}"`,
+    )
+  }
+
+  const windowPathname = expected.windowPathname ?? expected.pathname
+  if (window.location.pathname !== windowPathname) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected window.location.pathname to be "${windowPathname}" after step ${stepIndex}, received "${window.location.pathname}"`,
+    )
+  }
+
+  if (
+    expected.marker &&
+    !container.querySelector(`[data-testid="${expected.marker}"]`)
+  ) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected marker "${expected.marker}" to be rendered after step ${stepIndex}`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+// Two laps through the 9-step sequence per benchmark iteration.
+export const ticksPerIteration = 18
+
+export const benchOptions = {
+  warmupIterations: 100,
+  time: 10_000,
+  throws: true,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f4bba1ca5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-history-solid",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/history/solid/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a46971603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Solid',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8e814bc133
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-history', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-history navigation loop (solid)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..817045bd02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { render } from 'solid-js/web'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const unmount = render(() => <RouterProvider router={router} />, container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a6ab2a4fc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as GalleryRouteImport } from './routes/gallery'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as PhotosPhotoIdRouteImport } from './routes/photos.$photoId'
+import { Route as PagesNRouteImport } from './routes/pages.$n'
+
+const GalleryRoute = GalleryRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/gallery',
+  path: '/gallery',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const PhotosPhotoIdRoute = PhotosPhotoIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/photos/$photoId',
+  path: '/photos/$photoId',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const PagesNRoute = PagesNRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/pages/$n',
+  path: '/pages/$n',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/gallery': typeof GalleryRoute
+  '/pages/$n': typeof PagesNRoute
+  '/photos/$photoId': typeof PhotosPhotoIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/gallery': typeof GalleryRoute
+  '/pages/$n': typeof PagesNRoute
+  '/photos/$photoId': typeof PhotosPhotoIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/gallery': typeof GalleryRoute
+  '/pages/$n': typeof PagesNRoute
+  '/photos/$photoId': typeof PhotosPhotoIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/gallery' | '/pages/$n' | '/photos/$photoId'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/gallery' | '/pages/$n' | '/photos/$photoId'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/gallery' | '/pages/$n' | '/photos/$photoId'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  GalleryRoute: typeof GalleryRoute
+  PagesNRoute: typeof PagesNRoute
+  PhotosPhotoIdRoute: typeof PhotosPhotoIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/gallery': {
+      id: '/gallery'
+      path: '/gallery'
+      fullPath: '/gallery'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof GalleryRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/photos/$photoId': {
+      id: '/photos/$photoId'
+      path: '/photos/$photoId'
+      fullPath: '/photos/$photoId'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof PhotosPhotoIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/pages/$n': {
+      id: '/pages/$n'
+      path: '/pages/$n'
+      fullPath: '/pages/$n'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof PagesNRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  GalleryRoute: GalleryRoute,
+  PagesNRoute: PagesNRoute,
+  PhotosPhotoIdRoute: PhotosPhotoIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..edf7368929
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useBlocker,
+  useCanGoBack,
+  useLocation,
+} from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { maskedPhotoId, shouldBlockFn } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  const pathname = useLocation({ select: (location) => location.pathname })
+  const canGoBack = useCanGoBack()
+
+  useBlocker({ shouldBlockFn })
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <span data-testid="loc">{pathname()}</span>
+        <button data-testid="can-go-back" disabled={!canGoBack()}>
+          Back
+        </button>
+        <Link
+          to="/pages/$n"
+          params={{ n: '1' }}
+          data-testid="p-1"
+          activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Page 1
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/pages/$n"
+          params={{ n: '2' }}
+          data-testid="p-2"
+          activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Page 2
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/pages/$n"
+          params={{ n: '3' }}
+          replace
+          data-testid="p-3-replace"
+          activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Page 3 (replace)
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/photos/$photoId"
+          params={{ photoId: maskedPhotoId }}
+          mask={{ to: '/gallery' }}
+          data-testid="photo-masked"
+          activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Photo (masked)
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/gallery.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/gallery.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b72d1c6195
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/gallery.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/gallery')({
+  component: GalleryPage,
+})
+
+function GalleryPage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1 data-testid="gallery-state">Gallery</h1>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..44a0b8045a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1 data-testid="home-state">Home</h1>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/pages.$n.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/pages.$n.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1def6674c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/pages.$n.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { pageLabel } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/pages/$n')({
+  component: PageComponent,
+})
+
+function PageComponent() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1 data-testid="page-state">{pageLabel(params().n)}</h1>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/photos.$photoId.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/photos.$photoId.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ab2fe06e3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/src/routes/photos.$photoId.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { photoLabel } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/photos/$photoId')({
+  component: PhotoComponent,
+})
+
+function PhotoComponent() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1 data-testid="photo-state">{photoLabel(params().photoId)}</h1>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98d76ad6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "solid-js",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..de0eda543c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'solid',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    solid({ hot: false, dev: false }),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['solid', 'browser'],
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav history (solid)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+    server: {
+      deps: {
+        inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..17fca887ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-history-vue",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/history/vue/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97b74b3892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Vue',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..be2956bd85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-history', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-history navigation loop (vue)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c96d3f3a2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const component = <RouterProvider router={router} />
+  const app = Vue.createApp({
+    render: () => component,
+  })
+
+  app.mount(container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      app.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cee1b68870
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as GalleryRouteImport } from './routes/gallery'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as PhotosPhotoIdRouteImport } from './routes/photos.$photoId'
+import { Route as PagesNRouteImport } from './routes/pages.$n'
+
+const GalleryRoute = GalleryRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/gallery',
+  path: '/gallery',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const PhotosPhotoIdRoute = PhotosPhotoIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/photos/$photoId',
+  path: '/photos/$photoId',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const PagesNRoute = PagesNRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/pages/$n',
+  path: '/pages/$n',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/gallery': typeof GalleryRoute
+  '/pages/$n': typeof PagesNRoute
+  '/photos/$photoId': typeof PhotosPhotoIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/gallery': typeof GalleryRoute
+  '/pages/$n': typeof PagesNRoute
+  '/photos/$photoId': typeof PhotosPhotoIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/gallery': typeof GalleryRoute
+  '/pages/$n': typeof PagesNRoute
+  '/photos/$photoId': typeof PhotosPhotoIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/gallery' | '/pages/$n' | '/photos/$photoId'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/gallery' | '/pages/$n' | '/photos/$photoId'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/gallery' | '/pages/$n' | '/photos/$photoId'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  GalleryRoute: typeof GalleryRoute
+  PagesNRoute: typeof PagesNRoute
+  PhotosPhotoIdRoute: typeof PhotosPhotoIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/gallery': {
+      id: '/gallery'
+      path: '/gallery'
+      fullPath: '/gallery'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof GalleryRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/photos/$photoId': {
+      id: '/photos/$photoId'
+      path: '/photos/$photoId'
+      fullPath: '/photos/$photoId'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof PhotosPhotoIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/pages/$n': {
+      id: '/pages/$n'
+      path: '/pages/$n'
+      fullPath: '/pages/$n'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof PagesNRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  GalleryRoute: GalleryRoute,
+  PagesNRoute: PagesNRoute,
+  PhotosPhotoIdRoute: PhotosPhotoIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f7dff159c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useBlocker,
+  useCanGoBack,
+  useLocation,
+} from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { maskedPhotoId, shouldBlockFn } from '../../../shared'
+
+const RootComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const pathname = useLocation({ select: (location) => location.pathname })
+    const canGoBack = useCanGoBack()
+
+    useBlocker({ shouldBlockFn })
+
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <nav>
+          <span data-testid="loc">{pathname.value}</span>
+          <button data-testid="can-go-back" disabled={!canGoBack.value}>
+            Back
+          </button>
+          <Link
+            to="/pages/$n"
+            params={{ n: '1' }}
+            data-testid="p-1"
+            activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+          >
+            Page 1
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/pages/$n"
+            params={{ n: '2' }}
+            data-testid="p-2"
+            activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+          >
+            Page 2
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/pages/$n"
+            params={{ n: '3' }}
+            replace
+            data-testid="p-3-replace"
+            activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+          >
+            Page 3 (replace)
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/photos/$photoId"
+            params={{ photoId: maskedPhotoId }}
+            mask={{ to: '/gallery' }}
+            data-testid="photo-masked"
+            activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+          >
+            Photo (masked)
+          </Link>
+        </nav>
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/gallery.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/gallery.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3a397b1843
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/gallery.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const GalleryPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <h1 data-testid="gallery-state">Gallery</h1>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/gallery')({
+  component: GalleryPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fbc5b957a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const HomePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <h1 data-testid="home-state">Home</h1>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/pages.$n.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/pages.$n.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..560e83ed29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/pages.$n.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { pageLabel } from '../../../shared'
+
+const PageComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <h1 data-testid="page-state">{pageLabel(params.value.n)}</h1>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/pages/$n')({
+  component: PageComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/photos.$photoId.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/photos.$photoId.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..186566fe72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/src/routes/photos.$photoId.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { photoLabel } from '../../../shared'
+
+const PhotoComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <h1 data-testid="photo-state">{photoLabel(params.value.photoId)}</h1>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/photos/$photoId')({
+  component: PhotoComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7786fc3da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "vue",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..58986d6526
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/history/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'vue',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    vue(),
+    vueJsx(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav history (vue)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..52c9df8a68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-links-react",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/links/react/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5409df903c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, scenarioSteps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'React',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps: scenarioSteps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..68bb869182
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-links', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-links navigation loop (react)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef0b99555c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const reactRoot = createRoot(container)
+  reactRoot.render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      reactRoot.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97ec042c1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as AboutRouteImport } from './routes/about'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as ItemsIdRouteImport } from './routes/items.$id'
+
+const AboutRoute = AboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const ItemsIdRoute = ItemsIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/items/$id',
+  path: '/items/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/items/$id': typeof ItemsIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/items/$id': typeof ItemsIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/items/$id': typeof ItemsIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/about' | '/items/$id'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/about' | '/items/$id'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/about' | '/items/$id'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  AboutRoute: typeof AboutRoute
+  ItemsIdRoute: typeof ItemsIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/about': {
+      id: '/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof AboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/items/$id': {
+      id: '/items/$id'
+      path: '/items/$id'
+      fullPath: '/items/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ItemsIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  AboutRoute: AboutRoute,
+  ItemsIdRoute: ItemsIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7a48510e8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useMatchRoute,
+} from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import {
+  itemIds,
+  matchProbeIds,
+  stepItemIds,
+  variantSearch,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function StatusPanel() {
+  const matchRoute = useMatchRoute()
+
+  return (
+    <aside>
+      {matchProbeIds.map((id) => (
+        <span key={id}>
+          {matchRoute({ to: '/items/$id', params: { id } }) ? `on-${id}` : ''}
+        </span>
+      ))}
+      {/* Static probes use the setup-scoped matchRoute instead of
+          <MatchRoute>: vue-router's MatchRoute creates an undisposed watcher
+          per render (one leaked subscription per navigation), so all three
+          apps use useMatchRoute for cross-framework parity. */}
+      <span>{matchRoute({ to: '/' }) ? 'at-home' : ''}</span>
+      <span>{matchRoute({ to: '/about' }) ? 'at-about' : ''}</span>
+      <span>{matchRoute({ to: '/', fuzzy: true }) ? 'under-root' : ''}</span>
+      <span>
+        {matchRoute({ to: '/about', fuzzy: true }) ? 'under-about' : ''}
+      </span>
+      <span>
+        {matchRoute({ to: '/about', includeSearch: true })
+          ? 'about-search'
+          : ''}
+      </span>
+    </aside>
+  )
+}
+
+function LinkGrid() {
+  return (
+    <div>
+      {itemIds.map((id) => (
+        <div key={id}>
+          <Link
+            to="/items/$id"
+            params={{ id }}
+            data-testid={stepItemIds.includes(id) ? `go-item-${id}` : undefined}
+          >
+            {`Item ${id}`}
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/items/$id"
+            params={{ id }}
+            activeOptions={{ exact: true }}
+            activeProps={{ className: 'active-link' }}
+            inactiveProps={{ className: 'inactive-link' }}
+          >
+            {`Item ${id} exact`}
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/items/$id"
+            params={{ id }}
+            search={variantSearch}
+            activeOptions={{ includeSearch: false }}
+          >
+            {`Item ${id} search`}
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/items/$id" params={{ id }} hash={`section-${id}`}>
+            {`Item ${id} hash`}
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/items/$id" params={{ id }} activeOptions={{ exact: true }}>
+            {({ isActive }) => (isActive ? `Item ${id} on` : `Item ${id} off`)}
+          </Link>
+        </div>
+      ))}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/about" data-testid="go-about">
+          About
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <StatusPanel />
+      <LinkGrid />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routes/about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routes/about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0e4afc9297
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routes/about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { aboutMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/about')({
+  component: AboutPage,
+})
+
+function AboutPage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <p data-testid="page-state">{aboutMarker}</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b8c83ebab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { homeMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <p data-testid="page-state">{homeMarker}</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routes/items.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routes/items.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..23121edb5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/src/routes/items.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { itemMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/items/$id')({
+  component: ItemPage,
+})
+
+function ItemPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <p data-testid="page-state">{itemMarker(params.id)}</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d59cbb450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e9cd48895
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'react',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    react(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav links (react)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/shared.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/shared.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6e75ea045c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/shared.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/**
+ * Shared definition of the `links` scenario: a large persistent grid of
+ * `<Link>`s in the root layout so every navigation recomputes link props and
+ * active state across many activeOptions variants, plus `useMatchRoute` /
+ * `MatchRoute` consumers. The three framework apps consume these constants so
+ * the workload is identical modulo the rendering layer.
+ */
+import type { ScenarioStep } from '../harness'
+
+// 40 item ids x 5 link variants = 200 links mounted in the root layout.
+export const LINK_ITEM_COUNT = 40
+export const LINK_VARIANT_COUNT = 5
+
+export const itemIds = Array.from({ length: LINK_ITEM_COUNT }, (_, index) =>
+  String(index + 1),
+)
+
+// Static search object attached to the includeSearch:false variant.
+export const variantSearch = { tab: 'specs', page: 2 }
+
+// Item ids that get a `go-item-<id>` test id on their plain variant link.
+export const stepItemIds = ['1', '7', '13', '25', '40']
+
+// Ids probed by the useMatchRoute checks in the root StatusPanel.
+export const matchProbeIds = [
+  '1',
+  '5',
+  '7',
+  '13',
+  '20',
+  '25',
+  '30',
+  '35',
+  '40',
+  '2',
+]
+
+export function itemMarker(id: string) {
+  return `item-${id}`
+}
+
+export const homeMarker = 'home'
+export const aboutMarker = 'about'
+
+interface StepDef {
+  testId: string
+  marker: string
+  /** Expected number of `.active-link` elements after the step. */
+  activeCount: number
+  /** When one link is active, its href must include this substring. */
+  activeHrefPart?: string
+}
+
+export const stepDefs: ReadonlyArray<StepDef> = [
+  {
+    testId: 'go-item-1',
+    marker: itemMarker('1'),
+    activeCount: 1,
+    activeHrefPart: '/items/1',
+  },
+  {
+    testId: 'go-item-7',
+    marker: itemMarker('7'),
+    activeCount: 1,
+    activeHrefPart: '/items/7',
+  },
+  { testId: 'go-about', marker: aboutMarker, activeCount: 0 },
+  {
+    testId: 'go-item-13',
+    marker: itemMarker('13'),
+    activeCount: 1,
+    activeHrefPart: '/items/13',
+  },
+  {
+    testId: 'go-item-25',
+    marker: itemMarker('25'),
+    activeCount: 1,
+    activeHrefPart: '/items/25',
+  },
+  {
+    testId: 'go-item-40',
+    marker: itemMarker('40'),
+    activeCount: 1,
+    activeHrefPart: '/items/40',
+  },
+  {
+    testId: 'go-item-7',
+    marker: itemMarker('7'),
+    activeCount: 1,
+    activeHrefPart: '/items/7',
+  },
+  { testId: 'go-home', marker: homeMarker, activeCount: 0 },
+]
+
+export const scenarioSteps: ReadonlyArray<ScenarioStep> = stepDefs.map(
+  (step) => step.testId,
+)
+
+export function assertStepResult(stepIndex: number, container: HTMLElement) {
+  const step = stepDefs[stepIndex]!
+
+  const marker = container.querySelector('[data-testid="page-state"]')
+  if (marker?.textContent !== step.marker) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected page marker "${step.marker}" after step ${stepIndex}, received "${marker?.textContent}"`,
+    )
+  }
+
+  const activeLinks = container.querySelectorAll('a.active-link')
+  if (activeLinks.length !== step.activeCount) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected ${step.activeCount} active link(s) after step ${stepIndex}, received ${activeLinks.length}`,
+    )
+  }
+  if (step.activeHrefPart) {
+    const href = activeLinks[0]!.getAttribute('href') ?? ''
+    if (!href.includes(step.activeHrefPart)) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `Expected the active link href to include "${step.activeHrefPart}" after step ${stepIndex}, received "${href}"`,
+      )
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// One lap through the 8-step sequence per benchmark iteration; each step
+// recomputes all 200 links plus the match probes.
+export const ticksPerIteration = 8
+
+export const benchOptions = {
+  warmupIterations: 50,
+  time: 10_000,
+  throws: true,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef1dab4c50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-links-solid",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/links/solid/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..34270fe8a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, scenarioSteps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Solid',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps: scenarioSteps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..beba86fb6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-links', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-links navigation loop (solid)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..817045bd02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { render } from 'solid-js/web'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const unmount = render(() => <RouterProvider router={router} />, container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b61431e40d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as AboutRouteImport } from './routes/about'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as ItemsIdRouteImport } from './routes/items.$id'
+
+const AboutRoute = AboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const ItemsIdRoute = ItemsIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/items/$id',
+  path: '/items/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/items/$id': typeof ItemsIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/items/$id': typeof ItemsIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/items/$id': typeof ItemsIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/about' | '/items/$id'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/about' | '/items/$id'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/about' | '/items/$id'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  AboutRoute: typeof AboutRoute
+  ItemsIdRoute: typeof ItemsIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/about': {
+      id: '/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof AboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/items/$id': {
+      id: '/items/$id'
+      path: '/items/$id'
+      fullPath: '/items/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ItemsIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  AboutRoute: AboutRoute,
+  ItemsIdRoute: ItemsIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a889a26854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+import { For } from 'solid-js'
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useMatchRoute,
+} from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import {
+  itemIds,
+  matchProbeIds,
+  stepItemIds,
+  variantSearch,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function StatusPanel() {
+  const matchRoute = useMatchRoute()
+
+  return (
+    <aside>
+      <For each={matchProbeIds}>
+        {(id) => (
+          <span>
+            {matchRoute({ to: '/items/$id', params: { id } })()
+              ? `on-${id}`
+              : ''}
+          </span>
+        )}
+      </For>
+      {/* Static probes use the setup-scoped matchRoute instead of
+          <MatchRoute>: vue-router's MatchRoute creates an undisposed watcher
+          per render (one leaked subscription per navigation), so all three
+          apps use useMatchRoute for cross-framework parity. */}
+      <span>{matchRoute({ to: '/' })() ? 'at-home' : ''}</span>
+      <span>{matchRoute({ to: '/about' })() ? 'at-about' : ''}</span>
+      <span>{matchRoute({ to: '/', fuzzy: true })() ? 'under-root' : ''}</span>
+      <span>
+        {matchRoute({ to: '/about', fuzzy: true })() ? 'under-about' : ''}
+      </span>
+      <span>
+        {matchRoute({ to: '/about', includeSearch: true })()
+          ? 'about-search'
+          : ''}
+      </span>
+    </aside>
+  )
+}
+
+function LinkGrid() {
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <For each={itemIds}>
+        {(id) => (
+          <div>
+            <Link
+              to="/items/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              data-testid={
+                stepItemIds.includes(id) ? `go-item-${id}` : undefined
+              }
+            >
+              {`Item ${id}`}
+            </Link>
+            <Link
+              to="/items/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              activeOptions={{ exact: true }}
+              activeProps={{ class: 'active-link' }}
+              inactiveProps={{ class: 'inactive-link' }}
+            >
+              {`Item ${id} exact`}
+            </Link>
+            <Link
+              to="/items/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              search={variantSearch}
+              activeOptions={{ includeSearch: false }}
+            >
+              {`Item ${id} search`}
+            </Link>
+            <Link to="/items/$id" params={{ id }} hash={`section-${id}`}>
+              {`Item ${id} hash`}
+            </Link>
+            <Link
+              to="/items/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              activeOptions={{ exact: true }}
+            >
+              {({ isActive }) =>
+                isActive ? `Item ${id} on` : `Item ${id} off`
+              }
+            </Link>
+          </div>
+        )}
+      </For>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/about" data-testid="go-about">
+          About
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <StatusPanel />
+      <LinkGrid />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routes/about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routes/about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a2a71678b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routes/about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { aboutMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/about')({
+  component: AboutPage,
+})
+
+function AboutPage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <p data-testid="page-state">{aboutMarker}</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72fbfe387a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { homeMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <p data-testid="page-state">{homeMarker}</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routes/items.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routes/items.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..64d84f81f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/src/routes/items.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { itemMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/items/$id')({
+  component: ItemPage,
+})
+
+function ItemPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <p data-testid="page-state">{itemMarker(params().id)}</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98d76ad6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "solid-js",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a5b3d138b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'solid',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    solid({ hot: false, dev: false }),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['solid', 'browser'],
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav links (solid)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+    server: {
+      deps: {
+        inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fe1e68fad3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-links-vue",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/links/vue/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f70a154909
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, scenarioSteps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Vue',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps: scenarioSteps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..54b99d1273
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-links', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-links navigation loop (vue)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c96d3f3a2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const component = <RouterProvider router={router} />
+  const app = Vue.createApp({
+    render: () => component,
+  })
+
+  app.mount(container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      app.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cee64be43c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as AboutRouteImport } from './routes/about'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as ItemsIdRouteImport } from './routes/items.$id'
+
+const AboutRoute = AboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const ItemsIdRoute = ItemsIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/items/$id',
+  path: '/items/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/items/$id': typeof ItemsIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/items/$id': typeof ItemsIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/items/$id': typeof ItemsIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/about' | '/items/$id'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/about' | '/items/$id'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/about' | '/items/$id'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  AboutRoute: typeof AboutRoute
+  ItemsIdRoute: typeof ItemsIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/about': {
+      id: '/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof AboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/items/$id': {
+      id: '/items/$id'
+      path: '/items/$id'
+      fullPath: '/items/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ItemsIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  AboutRoute: AboutRoute,
+  ItemsIdRoute: ItemsIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..04f99677fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useMatchRoute,
+} from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import {
+  itemIds,
+  matchProbeIds,
+  stepItemIds,
+  variantSearch,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+const StatusPanel = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const matchRoute = useMatchRoute()
+    const probes = matchProbeIds.map((id) => ({
+      id,
+      match: matchRoute({ to: '/items/$id', params: { id } }),
+    }))
+    // Static probes use the setup-scoped matchRoute instead of <MatchRoute>:
+    // vue-router's MatchRoute creates an undisposed watcher per render (one
+    // leaked subscription per navigation), so all three apps use
+    // useMatchRoute for cross-framework parity.
+    const atHome = matchRoute({ to: '/' })
+    const atAbout = matchRoute({ to: '/about' })
+    const underRoot = matchRoute({ to: '/', fuzzy: true })
+    const underAbout = matchRoute({ to: '/about', fuzzy: true })
+    const aboutSearch = matchRoute({ to: '/about', includeSearch: true })
+
+    return () => (
+      <aside>
+        {probes.map(({ id, match }) => (
+          <span key={id}>{match.value ? `on-${id}` : ''}</span>
+        ))}
+        <span>{atHome.value ? 'at-home' : ''}</span>
+        <span>{atAbout.value ? 'at-about' : ''}</span>
+        <span>{underRoot.value ? 'under-root' : ''}</span>
+        <span>{underAbout.value ? 'under-about' : ''}</span>
+        <span>{aboutSearch.value ? 'about-search' : ''}</span>
+      </aside>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+const LinkGrid = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <div>
+        {itemIds.map((id) => (
+          <div key={id}>
+            <Link
+              to="/items/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              data-testid={
+                stepItemIds.includes(id) ? `go-item-${id}` : undefined
+              }
+            >
+              {`Item ${id}`}
+            </Link>
+            <Link
+              to="/items/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              activeOptions={{ exact: true }}
+              activeProps={{ class: 'active-link' }}
+              inactiveProps={{ class: 'inactive-link' }}
+            >
+              {`Item ${id} exact`}
+            </Link>
+            <Link
+              to="/items/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              search={variantSearch}
+              activeOptions={{ includeSearch: false }}
+            >
+              {`Item ${id} search`}
+            </Link>
+            <Link to="/items/$id" params={{ id }} hash={`section-${id}`}>
+              {`Item ${id} hash`}
+            </Link>
+            <Link
+              to="/items/$id"
+              params={{ id }}
+              activeOptions={{ exact: true }}
+            >
+              {({ isActive }: { isActive: boolean }) =>
+                isActive ? `Item ${id} on` : `Item ${id} off`
+              }
+            </Link>
+          </div>
+        ))}
+      </div>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+const RootComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <nav>
+          <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+            Home
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/about" data-testid="go-about">
+            About
+          </Link>
+        </nav>
+        <StatusPanel />
+        <LinkGrid />
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routes/about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routes/about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5cc1473bff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routes/about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { aboutMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+const AboutPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <p data-testid="page-state">{aboutMarker}</p>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/about')({
+  component: AboutPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f04a9f5796
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { homeMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+const HomePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <p data-testid="page-state">{homeMarker}</p>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routes/items.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routes/items.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0dc5efa3d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/src/routes/items.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { itemMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ItemPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <p data-testid="page-state">{itemMarker(params.value.id)}</p>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/items/$id')({
+  component: ItemPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7786fc3da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "vue",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d1cf9f561d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/links/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'vue',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    vue(),
+    vueJsx(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav links (vue)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3dbe585d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-loaders-react",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/loaders/react/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..130583b190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'React',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7c44f1a0f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-loaders', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-loaders navigation loop (react)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef0b99555c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const reactRoot = createRoot(container)
+  reactRoot.render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      reactRoot.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..50f0a8863b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as DepsRouteImport } from './routes/deps'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as FreshIdRouteImport } from './routes/fresh.$id'
+import { Route as CachedIdRouteImport } from './routes/cached.$id'
+
+const DepsRoute = DepsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/deps',
+  path: '/deps',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const FreshIdRoute = FreshIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/fresh/$id',
+  path: '/fresh/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const CachedIdRoute = CachedIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/cached/$id',
+  path: '/cached/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/deps': typeof DepsRoute
+  '/cached/$id': typeof CachedIdRoute
+  '/fresh/$id': typeof FreshIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/deps': typeof DepsRoute
+  '/cached/$id': typeof CachedIdRoute
+  '/fresh/$id': typeof FreshIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/deps': typeof DepsRoute
+  '/cached/$id': typeof CachedIdRoute
+  '/fresh/$id': typeof FreshIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/deps' | '/cached/$id' | '/fresh/$id'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/deps' | '/cached/$id' | '/fresh/$id'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/deps' | '/cached/$id' | '/fresh/$id'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  DepsRoute: typeof DepsRoute
+  CachedIdRoute: typeof CachedIdRoute
+  FreshIdRoute: typeof FreshIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/deps': {
+      id: '/deps'
+      path: '/deps'
+      fullPath: '/deps'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof DepsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/fresh/$id': {
+      id: '/fresh/$id'
+      path: '/fresh/$id'
+      fullPath: '/fresh/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof FreshIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/cached/$id': {
+      id: '/cached/$id'
+      path: '/cached/$id'
+      fullPath: '/cached/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof CachedIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  DepsRoute: DepsRoute,
+  CachedIdRoute: CachedIdRoute,
+  FreshIdRoute: FreshIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6309763cf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link
+          to="/"
+          data-testid="go-home"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/fresh/$id"
+          params={{ id: '1' }}
+          data-testid="go-fresh-1"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Fresh 1
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/fresh/$id"
+          params={{ id: '2' }}
+          data-testid="go-fresh-2"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Fresh 2
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/cached/$id"
+          params={{ id: '1' }}
+          data-testid="go-cached-1"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Cached 1
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/cached/$id"
+          params={{ id: '2' }}
+          data-testid="go-cached-2"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Cached 2
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/deps"
+          search={{ page: 1 }}
+          data-testid="go-deps-1"
+          activeOptions={{ includeSearch: true }}
+        >
+          Deps page 1
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/deps"
+          search={{ page: 2 }}
+          data-testid="go-deps-2"
+          activeOptions={{ includeSearch: true }}
+        >
+          Deps page 2
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/cached.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/cached.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b954185cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/cached.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { computeChecksum, itemsChecksum, makeItems } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/cached/$id')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => {
+    const items = makeItems(`cached-${params.id}`)
+    return { items, checksum: itemsChecksum(items) }
+  },
+  staleTime: 1e9,
+  gcTime: 1e9,
+  component: CachedPage,
+})
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+function SumSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+    select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.checksum),
+  })
+
+  void computeChecksum(value)
+  return null
+}
+
+function FirstItemSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+    select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.items[0]?.value ?? 0),
+  })
+
+  void computeChecksum(value)
+  return null
+}
+
+function CachedPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+  const loaderData = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+        <SumSubscriber key={`sum-${index}`} />
+      ))}
+      {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+        <FirstItemSubscriber key={`first-${index}`} />
+      ))}
+      <h1>Cached</h1>
+      <div data-testid="cached-state">{`c-${params.id}-${loaderData.checksum}`}</div>
+      <ul>
+        {loaderData.items.slice(0, 5).map((item) => (
+          <li key={item.id}>{item.name}</li>
+        ))}
+      </ul>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/deps.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/deps.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..92afe04a21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/deps.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import type { SearchSchemaInput } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import {
+  computeChecksum,
+  itemsChecksum,
+  makeItems,
+  normalizePage,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/deps')({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown> & SearchSchemaInput) => ({
+    page: normalizePage(search.page),
+  }),
+  loaderDeps: ({ search }) => ({ page: search.page }),
+  loader: ({ deps }) => {
+    const items = makeItems(`deps-${deps.page}`)
+    return { items, checksum: itemsChecksum(items) }
+  },
+  staleTime: 1e9,
+  gcTime: 1e9,
+  component: DepsPage,
+})
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+function SumSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+    select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.checksum),
+  })
+
+  void computeChecksum(value)
+  return null
+}
+
+function DepsSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useLoaderDeps({
+    select: (deps) => computeChecksum(deps.page * 17),
+  })
+
+  void computeChecksum(value)
+  return null
+}
+
+function DepsPage() {
+  const search = Route.useSearch()
+  const loaderData = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+        <SumSubscriber key={`sum-${index}`} />
+      ))}
+      {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+        <DepsSubscriber key={`deps-${index}`} />
+      ))}
+      <h1>Deps</h1>
+      <div data-testid="deps-state">{`d-${search.page}-${loaderData.checksum}`}</div>
+      <ul>
+        {loaderData.items.slice(0, 5).map((item) => (
+          <li key={item.id}>{item.name}</li>
+        ))}
+      </ul>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/fresh.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/fresh.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb7cbf2f00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/fresh.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { computeChecksum, itemsChecksum, makeItems } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/fresh/$id')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => {
+    const items = makeItems(`fresh-${params.id}`)
+    return { items, checksum: itemsChecksum(items) }
+  },
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  component: FreshPage,
+})
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+function SumSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+    select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.checksum),
+  })
+
+  void computeChecksum(value)
+  return null
+}
+
+function FirstItemSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+    select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.items[0]?.value ?? 0),
+  })
+
+  void computeChecksum(value)
+  return null
+}
+
+function FreshPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+  const loaderData = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+        <SumSubscriber key={`sum-${index}`} />
+      ))}
+      {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+        <FirstItemSubscriber key={`first-${index}`} />
+      ))}
+      <h1>Fresh</h1>
+      <div data-testid="fresh-state">{`f-${params.id}-${loaderData.checksum}`}</div>
+      <ul>
+        {loaderData.items.slice(0, 5).map((item) => (
+          <li key={item.id}>{item.name}</li>
+        ))}
+      </ul>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9203c00841
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1>Loaders Bench</h1>
+      <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d59cbb450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6fa28bcd35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'react',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    react(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav loaders (react)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/shared.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/shared.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f744246160
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/shared.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+/**
+ * Shared definition of the `loaders` scenario: deterministic loader data
+ * derivation, the click sequence, and per-step sanity assertions. The three
+ * framework apps consume these builders so the workload is identical modulo
+ * the rendering layer.
+ *
+ * Isolates: client loader dispatch — always-stale re-runs (staleTime 0),
+ * pure cache hits (staleTime 1e9), loaderDeps-keyed caching,
+ * router.invalidate(), and useLoaderData selector subscriptions.
+ */
+
+import type { ScenarioStep } from '../harness'
+
+export function computeChecksum(seed: number) {
+  let value = Math.trunc(seed) | 0
+
+  for (let index = 0; index < 40; index++) {
+    value = (value * 1664525 + 1013904223 + index) >>> 0
+  }
+
+  return value
+}
+
+export interface LoaderItem {
+  id: string
+  name: string
+  value: number
+  flag: boolean
+}
+
+export function makeItems(seedText: string): Array<LoaderItem> {
+  let seed = 0
+  for (let index = 0; index < seedText.length; index++) {
+    seed = (seed * 31 + seedText.charCodeAt(index)) >>> 0
+  }
+
+  const items: Array<LoaderItem> = []
+  let value = seed
+
+  for (let index = 0; index < 50; index++) {
+    value = (value * 1664525 + 1013904223) >>> 0
+    items.push({
+      id: `${seedText}-${index}`,
+      name: `Item ${index} of ${seedText}`,
+      value: value % 100000,
+      flag: value % 3 === 0,
+    })
+  }
+
+  return items
+}
+
+export function itemsChecksum(items: Array<LoaderItem>) {
+  let sum = 0
+  for (const item of items) {
+    sum = (sum + item.value + (item.flag ? 1 : 0)) >>> 0
+  }
+  return sum
+}
+
+export function normalizePage(value: unknown) {
+  const page = Number(value)
+  return Number.isFinite(page) && page > 0 ? Math.trunc(page) : 1
+}
+
+export function freshMarkerText(id: string) {
+  return `f-${id}-${itemsChecksum(makeItems(`fresh-${id}`))}`
+}
+
+export function cachedMarkerText(id: string) {
+  return `c-${id}-${itemsChecksum(makeItems(`cached-${id}`))}`
+}
+
+export function depsMarkerText(page: number) {
+  return `d-${page}-${itemsChecksum(makeItems(`deps-${page}`))}`
+}
+
+export const steps: ReadonlyArray<ScenarioStep> = [
+  'go-fresh-1',
+  'go-fresh-2',
+  'go-cached-1',
+  'go-cached-2',
+  'go-deps-1',
+  'go-deps-2',
+  // Invalidates the currently matched routes (the deps route), re-running its
+  // loader with unchanged deps. Note: this also marks the cached fresh/cached
+  // matches invalid, so each of those loaders re-runs once per lap on its next
+  // visit — deterministic, identical work every lap.
+  { type: 'invalidate' },
+  'go-home',
+]
+
+interface ExpectedState {
+  testId: string
+  text?: string
+}
+
+const expectedStates: ReadonlyArray<ExpectedState> = [
+  { testId: 'fresh-state', text: freshMarkerText('1') },
+  { testId: 'fresh-state', text: freshMarkerText('2') },
+  { testId: 'cached-state', text: cachedMarkerText('1') },
+  { testId: 'cached-state', text: cachedMarkerText('2') },
+  { testId: 'deps-state', text: depsMarkerText(1) },
+  { testId: 'deps-state', text: depsMarkerText(2) },
+  // After invalidate the deps loader re-ran with the same deps.
+  { testId: 'deps-state', text: depsMarkerText(2) },
+  { testId: 'home-state' },
+]
+
+export function assertStepResult(stepIndex: number, container: HTMLElement) {
+  const expected = expectedStates[stepIndex]!
+  const element = container.querySelector(`[data-testid="${expected.testId}"]`)
+
+  if (!element) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected marker "${expected.testId}" to exist after step ${stepIndex}`,
+    )
+  }
+
+  if (expected.text !== undefined && element.textContent !== expected.text) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected marker "${expected.testId}" to read "${expected.text}" after step ${stepIndex}, received "${element.textContent}"`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+// Two laps through the 8-step sequence per benchmark iteration.
+export const ticksPerIteration = 16
+
+export const benchOptions = {
+  warmupIterations: 100,
+  time: 10_000,
+  throws: true,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..071e6bc385
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-loaders-solid",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/loaders/solid/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a46971603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Solid',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4c97823d11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-loaders', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-loaders navigation loop (solid)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..817045bd02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { render } from 'solid-js/web'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const unmount = render(() => <RouterProvider router={router} />, container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bdec400237
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as DepsRouteImport } from './routes/deps'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as FreshIdRouteImport } from './routes/fresh.$id'
+import { Route as CachedIdRouteImport } from './routes/cached.$id'
+
+const DepsRoute = DepsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/deps',
+  path: '/deps',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const FreshIdRoute = FreshIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/fresh/$id',
+  path: '/fresh/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const CachedIdRoute = CachedIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/cached/$id',
+  path: '/cached/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/deps': typeof DepsRoute
+  '/cached/$id': typeof CachedIdRoute
+  '/fresh/$id': typeof FreshIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/deps': typeof DepsRoute
+  '/cached/$id': typeof CachedIdRoute
+  '/fresh/$id': typeof FreshIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/deps': typeof DepsRoute
+  '/cached/$id': typeof CachedIdRoute
+  '/fresh/$id': typeof FreshIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/deps' | '/cached/$id' | '/fresh/$id'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/deps' | '/cached/$id' | '/fresh/$id'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/deps' | '/cached/$id' | '/fresh/$id'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  DepsRoute: typeof DepsRoute
+  CachedIdRoute: typeof CachedIdRoute
+  FreshIdRoute: typeof FreshIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/deps': {
+      id: '/deps'
+      path: '/deps'
+      fullPath: '/deps'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof DepsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/fresh/$id': {
+      id: '/fresh/$id'
+      path: '/fresh/$id'
+      fullPath: '/fresh/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof FreshIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/cached/$id': {
+      id: '/cached/$id'
+      path: '/cached/$id'
+      fullPath: '/cached/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof CachedIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  DepsRoute: DepsRoute,
+  CachedIdRoute: CachedIdRoute,
+  FreshIdRoute: FreshIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30350f7907
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/fresh/$id"
+          params={{ id: '1' }}
+          data-testid="go-fresh-1"
+          activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Fresh 1
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/fresh/$id"
+          params={{ id: '2' }}
+          data-testid="go-fresh-2"
+          activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Fresh 2
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/cached/$id"
+          params={{ id: '1' }}
+          data-testid="go-cached-1"
+          activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Cached 1
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/cached/$id"
+          params={{ id: '2' }}
+          data-testid="go-cached-2"
+          activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Cached 2
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/deps"
+          search={{ page: 1 }}
+          data-testid="go-deps-1"
+          activeOptions={{ includeSearch: true }}
+        >
+          Deps page 1
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/deps"
+          search={{ page: 2 }}
+          data-testid="go-deps-2"
+          activeOptions={{ includeSearch: true }}
+        >
+          Deps page 2
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/cached.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/cached.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aab6be74dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/cached.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import { For, createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { computeChecksum, itemsChecksum, makeItems } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/cached/$id')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => {
+    const items = makeItems(`cached-${params.id}`)
+    return { items, checksum: itemsChecksum(items) }
+  },
+  staleTime: 1e9,
+  gcTime: 1e9,
+  component: CachedPage,
+})
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+function PerfValue(props: { value: () => number }) {
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void props.value()
+  })
+
+  return null
+}
+
+function SumSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+    select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.checksum),
+  })
+
+  return <PerfValue value={() => computeChecksum(value())} />
+}
+
+function FirstItemSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+    select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.items[0]?.value ?? 0),
+  })
+
+  return <PerfValue value={() => computeChecksum(value())} />
+}
+
+function CachedPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+  const loaderData = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      {subscriberIndexes.map(() => (
+        <SumSubscriber />
+      ))}
+      {subscriberIndexes.map(() => (
+        <FirstItemSubscriber />
+      ))}
+      <h1>Cached</h1>
+      <div data-testid="cached-state">{`c-${params().id}-${loaderData().checksum}`}</div>
+      <ul>
+        <For each={loaderData().items.slice(0, 5)}>
+          {(item) => <li>{item.name}</li>}
+        </For>
+      </ul>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/deps.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/deps.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f23f2d3da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/deps.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import { For, createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import type { SearchSchemaInput } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import {
+  computeChecksum,
+  itemsChecksum,
+  makeItems,
+  normalizePage,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/deps')({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown> & SearchSchemaInput) => ({
+    page: normalizePage(search.page),
+  }),
+  loaderDeps: ({ search }) => ({ page: search.page }),
+  loader: ({ deps }) => {
+    const items = makeItems(`deps-${deps.page}`)
+    return { items, checksum: itemsChecksum(items) }
+  },
+  staleTime: 1e9,
+  gcTime: 1e9,
+  component: DepsPage,
+})
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+function PerfValue(props: { value: () => number }) {
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void props.value()
+  })
+
+  return null
+}
+
+function SumSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+    select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.checksum),
+  })
+
+  return <PerfValue value={() => computeChecksum(value())} />
+}
+
+function DepsSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useLoaderDeps({
+    select: (deps) => computeChecksum(deps.page * 17),
+  })
+
+  return <PerfValue value={() => computeChecksum(value())} />
+}
+
+function DepsPage() {
+  const search = Route.useSearch()
+  const loaderData = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      {subscriberIndexes.map(() => (
+        <SumSubscriber />
+      ))}
+      {subscriberIndexes.map(() => (
+        <DepsSubscriber />
+      ))}
+      <h1>Deps</h1>
+      <div data-testid="deps-state">{`d-${search().page}-${loaderData().checksum}`}</div>
+      <ul>
+        <For each={loaderData().items.slice(0, 5)}>
+          {(item) => <li>{item.name}</li>}
+        </For>
+      </ul>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/fresh.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/fresh.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..acd6a9aa27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/fresh.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import { For, createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { computeChecksum, itemsChecksum, makeItems } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/fresh/$id')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => {
+    const items = makeItems(`fresh-${params.id}`)
+    return { items, checksum: itemsChecksum(items) }
+  },
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  component: FreshPage,
+})
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+function PerfValue(props: { value: () => number }) {
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void props.value()
+  })
+
+  return null
+}
+
+function SumSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+    select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.checksum),
+  })
+
+  return <PerfValue value={() => computeChecksum(value())} />
+}
+
+function FirstItemSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+    select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.items[0]?.value ?? 0),
+  })
+
+  return <PerfValue value={() => computeChecksum(value())} />
+}
+
+function FreshPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+  const loaderData = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      {subscriberIndexes.map(() => (
+        <SumSubscriber />
+      ))}
+      {subscriberIndexes.map(() => (
+        <FirstItemSubscriber />
+      ))}
+      <h1>Fresh</h1>
+      <div data-testid="fresh-state">{`f-${params().id}-${loaderData().checksum}`}</div>
+      <ul>
+        <For each={loaderData().items.slice(0, 5)}>
+          {(item) => <li>{item.name}</li>}
+        </For>
+      </ul>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7287d47d0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1>Loaders Bench</h1>
+      <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98d76ad6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "solid-js",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ea913ac578
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'solid',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    solid({ hot: false, dev: false }),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['solid', 'browser'],
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav loaders (solid)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+    server: {
+      deps: {
+        inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..69bd95837d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-loaders-vue",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/loaders/vue/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97b74b3892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Vue',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eeb9cefaeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-loaders', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-loaders navigation loop (vue)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c96d3f3a2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const component = <RouterProvider router={router} />
+  const app = Vue.createApp({
+    render: () => component,
+  })
+
+  app.mount(container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      app.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25a82df477
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as DepsRouteImport } from './routes/deps'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as FreshIdRouteImport } from './routes/fresh.$id'
+import { Route as CachedIdRouteImport } from './routes/cached.$id'
+
+const DepsRoute = DepsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/deps',
+  path: '/deps',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const FreshIdRoute = FreshIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/fresh/$id',
+  path: '/fresh/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const CachedIdRoute = CachedIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/cached/$id',
+  path: '/cached/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/deps': typeof DepsRoute
+  '/cached/$id': typeof CachedIdRoute
+  '/fresh/$id': typeof FreshIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/deps': typeof DepsRoute
+  '/cached/$id': typeof CachedIdRoute
+  '/fresh/$id': typeof FreshIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/deps': typeof DepsRoute
+  '/cached/$id': typeof CachedIdRoute
+  '/fresh/$id': typeof FreshIdRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/deps' | '/cached/$id' | '/fresh/$id'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/deps' | '/cached/$id' | '/fresh/$id'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/deps' | '/cached/$id' | '/fresh/$id'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  DepsRoute: typeof DepsRoute
+  CachedIdRoute: typeof CachedIdRoute
+  FreshIdRoute: typeof FreshIdRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/deps': {
+      id: '/deps'
+      path: '/deps'
+      fullPath: '/deps'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof DepsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/fresh/$id': {
+      id: '/fresh/$id'
+      path: '/fresh/$id'
+      fullPath: '/fresh/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof FreshIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/cached/$id': {
+      id: '/cached/$id'
+      path: '/cached/$id'
+      fullPath: '/cached/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof CachedIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  DepsRoute: DepsRoute,
+  CachedIdRoute: CachedIdRoute,
+  FreshIdRoute: FreshIdRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b9102a92c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const RootComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <nav>
+          <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+            Home
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/fresh/$id"
+            params={{ id: '1' }}
+            data-testid="go-fresh-1"
+            activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+          >
+            Fresh 1
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/fresh/$id"
+            params={{ id: '2' }}
+            data-testid="go-fresh-2"
+            activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+          >
+            Fresh 2
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/cached/$id"
+            params={{ id: '1' }}
+            data-testid="go-cached-1"
+            activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+          >
+            Cached 1
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/cached/$id"
+            params={{ id: '2' }}
+            data-testid="go-cached-2"
+            activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+          >
+            Cached 2
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/deps"
+            search={{ page: 1 }}
+            data-testid="go-deps-1"
+            activeOptions={{ includeSearch: true }}
+          >
+            Deps page 1
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/deps"
+            search={{ page: 2 }}
+            data-testid="go-deps-2"
+            activeOptions={{ includeSearch: true }}
+          >
+            Deps page 2
+          </Link>
+        </nav>
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/cached.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/cached.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a426e35765
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/cached.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { computeChecksum, itemsChecksum, makeItems } from '../../../shared'
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+const SumSubscriber = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+      select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.checksum),
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      void computeChecksum(value.value)
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const FirstItemSubscriber = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+      select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.items[0]?.value ?? 0),
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      void computeChecksum(value.value)
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const CachedPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+    const loaderData = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+          <SumSubscriber key={`sum-${index}`} />
+        ))}
+        {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+          <FirstItemSubscriber key={`first-${index}`} />
+        ))}
+        <h1>Cached</h1>
+        <div data-testid="cached-state">
+          {`c-${params.value.id}-${loaderData.value.checksum}`}
+        </div>
+        <ul>
+          {loaderData.value.items.slice(0, 5).map((item) => (
+            <li key={item.id}>{item.name}</li>
+          ))}
+        </ul>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/cached/$id')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => {
+    const items = makeItems(`cached-${params.id}`)
+    return { items, checksum: itemsChecksum(items) }
+  },
+  staleTime: 1e9,
+  gcTime: 1e9,
+  component: CachedPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/deps.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/deps.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f987d15d34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/deps.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import type { SearchSchemaInput } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import {
+  computeChecksum,
+  itemsChecksum,
+  makeItems,
+  normalizePage,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+const SumSubscriber = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+      select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.checksum),
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      void computeChecksum(value.value)
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const DepsSubscriber = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useLoaderDeps({
+      select: (deps) => computeChecksum(deps.page * 17),
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      void computeChecksum(value.value)
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const DepsPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const search = Route.useSearch()
+    const loaderData = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+          <SumSubscriber key={`sum-${index}`} />
+        ))}
+        {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+          <DepsSubscriber key={`deps-${index}`} />
+        ))}
+        <h1>Deps</h1>
+        <div data-testid="deps-state">
+          {`d-${search.value.page}-${loaderData.value.checksum}`}
+        </div>
+        <ul>
+          {loaderData.value.items.slice(0, 5).map((item) => (
+            <li key={item.id}>{item.name}</li>
+          ))}
+        </ul>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/deps')({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown> & SearchSchemaInput) => ({
+    page: normalizePage(search.page),
+  }),
+  loaderDeps: ({ search }) => ({ page: search.page }),
+  loader: ({ deps }) => {
+    const items = makeItems(`deps-${deps.page}`)
+    return { items, checksum: itemsChecksum(items) }
+  },
+  staleTime: 1e9,
+  gcTime: 1e9,
+  component: DepsPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/fresh.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/fresh.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..64eec85cfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/fresh.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { computeChecksum, itemsChecksum, makeItems } from '../../../shared'
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+const SumSubscriber = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+      select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.checksum),
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      void computeChecksum(value.value)
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const FirstItemSubscriber = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useLoaderData({
+      select: (data) => computeChecksum(data.items[0]?.value ?? 0),
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      void computeChecksum(value.value)
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const FreshPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+    const loaderData = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+          <SumSubscriber key={`sum-${index}`} />
+        ))}
+        {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+          <FirstItemSubscriber key={`first-${index}`} />
+        ))}
+        <h1>Fresh</h1>
+        <div data-testid="fresh-state">
+          {`f-${params.value.id}-${loaderData.value.checksum}`}
+        </div>
+        <ul>
+          {loaderData.value.items.slice(0, 5).map((item) => (
+            <li key={item.id}>{item.name}</li>
+          ))}
+        </ul>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/fresh/$id')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => {
+    const items = makeItems(`fresh-${params.id}`)
+    return { items, checksum: itemsChecksum(items) }
+  },
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  component: FreshPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c9724c90a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const HomePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <h1>Loaders Bench</h1>
+        <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7786fc3da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "vue",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..350fadf387
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/loaders/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'vue',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    vue(),
+    vueJsx(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav loaders (vue)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..61839943b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-mount-react",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/mount/react/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ed0426c696
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createMountLoopSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertReady, readyTestId } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createMountLoopSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'React',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    readyTestId,
+    assertReady,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8f7967c42c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-mount', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-mount loop (react)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78fe2082aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import {
+  RouterProvider,
+  createBrowserHistory,
+  createRouter,
+} from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+import type { RouterHistory } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+/**
+ * Unlike the other scenarios, this app is mounted and unmounted in a loop, so
+ * it must not register page-lifetime globals that have no dispose path:
+ * - the history is created explicitly and `destroy()`ed on unmount — the
+ *   default per-router `createBrowserHistory()` monkey-patches
+ *   `window.history.pushState`/`replaceState`, chaining one wrapper per
+ *   router and degrading every later mount;
+ * - `scrollRestoration` stays off — enabling it registers per-router
+ *   document/window listeners that retain every router ever created.
+ */
+export function createTestRouter(history: RouterHistory) {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    history,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const history = createBrowserHistory()
+  const router = createTestRouter(history)
+
+  const reactRoot = createRoot(container)
+  reactRoot.render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      reactRoot.unmount()
+      history.destroy()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a796abe0ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as ShopRouteImport } from './routes/shop'
+import { Route as SettingsRouteImport } from './routes/settings'
+import { Route as SearchRouteImport } from './routes/search'
+import { Route as BlogRouteImport } from './routes/blog'
+import { Route as AboutRouteImport } from './routes/about'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as ShopIndexRouteImport } from './routes/shop.index'
+import { Route as BlogIndexRouteImport } from './routes/blog.index'
+import { Route as ShopProductIdRouteImport } from './routes/shop.$productId'
+import { Route as BlogSlugRouteImport } from './routes/blog.$slug'
+
+const ShopRoute = ShopRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/shop',
+  path: '/shop',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SettingsRoute = SettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SearchRoute = SearchRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/search',
+  path: '/search',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const BlogRoute = BlogRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/blog',
+  path: '/blog',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const AboutRoute = AboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const ShopIndexRoute = ShopIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => ShopRoute,
+} as any)
+const BlogIndexRoute = BlogIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => BlogRoute,
+} as any)
+const ShopProductIdRoute = ShopProductIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$productId',
+  path: '/$productId',
+  getParentRoute: () => ShopRoute,
+} as any)
+const BlogSlugRoute = BlogSlugRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$slug',
+  path: '/$slug',
+  getParentRoute: () => BlogRoute,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/blog': typeof BlogRouteWithChildren
+  '/search': typeof SearchRoute
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/shop': typeof ShopRouteWithChildren
+  '/blog/$slug': typeof BlogSlugRoute
+  '/shop/$productId': typeof ShopProductIdRoute
+  '/blog/': typeof BlogIndexRoute
+  '/shop/': typeof ShopIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/search': typeof SearchRoute
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/blog/$slug': typeof BlogSlugRoute
+  '/shop/$productId': typeof ShopProductIdRoute
+  '/blog': typeof BlogIndexRoute
+  '/shop': typeof ShopIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/blog': typeof BlogRouteWithChildren
+  '/search': typeof SearchRoute
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/shop': typeof ShopRouteWithChildren
+  '/blog/$slug': typeof BlogSlugRoute
+  '/shop/$productId': typeof ShopProductIdRoute
+  '/blog/': typeof BlogIndexRoute
+  '/shop/': typeof ShopIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths:
+    | '/'
+    | '/about'
+    | '/blog'
+    | '/search'
+    | '/settings'
+    | '/shop'
+    | '/blog/$slug'
+    | '/shop/$productId'
+    | '/blog/'
+    | '/shop/'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to:
+    | '/'
+    | '/about'
+    | '/search'
+    | '/settings'
+    | '/blog/$slug'
+    | '/shop/$productId'
+    | '/blog'
+    | '/shop'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/about'
+    | '/blog'
+    | '/search'
+    | '/settings'
+    | '/shop'
+    | '/blog/$slug'
+    | '/shop/$productId'
+    | '/blog/'
+    | '/shop/'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  AboutRoute: typeof AboutRoute
+  BlogRoute: typeof BlogRouteWithChildren
+  SearchRoute: typeof SearchRoute
+  SettingsRoute: typeof SettingsRoute
+  ShopRoute: typeof ShopRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/shop': {
+      id: '/shop'
+      path: '/shop'
+      fullPath: '/shop'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ShopRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/settings': {
+      id: '/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/search': {
+      id: '/search'
+      path: '/search'
+      fullPath: '/search'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SearchRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/blog': {
+      id: '/blog'
+      path: '/blog'
+      fullPath: '/blog'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof BlogRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/about': {
+      id: '/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof AboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/shop/': {
+      id: '/shop/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/shop/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ShopIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof ShopRoute
+    }
+    '/blog/': {
+      id: '/blog/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/blog/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof BlogIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof BlogRoute
+    }
+    '/shop/$productId': {
+      id: '/shop/$productId'
+      path: '/$productId'
+      fullPath: '/shop/$productId'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ShopProductIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof ShopRoute
+    }
+    '/blog/$slug': {
+      id: '/blog/$slug'
+      path: '/$slug'
+      fullPath: '/blog/$slug'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof BlogSlugRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof BlogRoute
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface BlogRouteChildren {
+  BlogSlugRoute: typeof BlogSlugRoute
+  BlogIndexRoute: typeof BlogIndexRoute
+}
+
+const BlogRouteChildren: BlogRouteChildren = {
+  BlogSlugRoute: BlogSlugRoute,
+  BlogIndexRoute: BlogIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const BlogRouteWithChildren = BlogRoute._addFileChildren(BlogRouteChildren)
+
+interface ShopRouteChildren {
+  ShopProductIdRoute: typeof ShopProductIdRoute
+  ShopIndexRoute: typeof ShopIndexRoute
+}
+
+const ShopRouteChildren: ShopRouteChildren = {
+  ShopProductIdRoute: ShopProductIdRoute,
+  ShopIndexRoute: ShopIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const ShopRouteWithChildren = ShopRoute._addFileChildren(ShopRouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  AboutRoute: AboutRoute,
+  BlogRoute: BlogRouteWithChildren,
+  SearchRoute: SearchRoute,
+  SettingsRoute: SettingsRoute,
+  ShopRoute: ShopRouteWithChildren,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0deab171d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}>
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/shop" activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}>
+          Shop
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/shop/$productId"
+          params={{ productId: '1' }}
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Product 1
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/blog" activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}>
+          Blog
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/search"
+          search={{ q: '', page: 1 }}
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Search
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/about" activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}>
+          About
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3fedde283b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/about')({
+  component: AboutPage,
+})
+
+function AboutPage() {
+  return <p>About</p>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/blog.$slug.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/blog.$slug.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f995d95d94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/blog.$slug.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { articleData } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/blog/$slug')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => articleData(params.slug),
+  component: ArticlePage,
+})
+
+function ArticlePage() {
+  const article = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return <article>{`${article.title} (${article.words} words)`}</article>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/blog.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/blog.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..437187eb4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/blog.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/blog/')({
+  component: BlogIndexPage,
+})
+
+function BlogIndexPage() {
+  return <p>All articles</p>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/blog.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/blog.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ab4fbeb482
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/blog.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { blogContext } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/blog')({
+  beforeLoad: () => blogContext(),
+  component: BlogLayout,
+})
+
+function BlogLayout() {
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <h2>Blog</h2>
+      <Outlet />
+    </section>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dbc99d8f66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { homeItems, readyTestId } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  loader: () => homeItems(),
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  const items = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1 data-testid={readyTestId}>{`Home (${items.length} items)`}</h1>
+      <ul>
+        {items.map((item) => (
+          <li key={item.id}>{`${item.label}: ${item.score}`}</li>
+        ))}
+      </ul>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/search.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/search.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..faba50fc72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/search.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { normalizePage, normalizeQuery } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/search')({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown>) => ({
+    q: normalizeQuery(search.q),
+    page: normalizePage(search.page),
+  }),
+  component: SearchPage,
+})
+
+function SearchPage() {
+  const search = Route.useSearch()
+
+  return <p>{`Results for "${search.q}" page ${search.page}`}</p>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f46d9d885
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/settings')({
+  component: SettingsPage,
+})
+
+function SettingsPage() {
+  return <p>Settings</p>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/shop.$productId.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/shop.$productId.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7b729a3dca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/shop.$productId.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { productData } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/shop/$productId')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => productData(params.productId),
+  component: ProductPage,
+})
+
+function ProductPage() {
+  const product = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return <article>{`${product.name}: ${product.price}`}</article>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/shop.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/shop.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dbca94357a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/shop.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/shop/')({
+  component: ShopIndexPage,
+})
+
+function ShopIndexPage() {
+  return <p>All products</p>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/shop.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/shop.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5243d7bb0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/src/routes/shop.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { shopContext } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/shop')({
+  beforeLoad: () => shopContext(),
+  component: ShopLayout,
+})
+
+function ShopLayout() {
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <h2>Shop</h2>
+      <Outlet />
+    </section>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d59cbb450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..68ee46738a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'react',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    react(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav mount (react)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/shared.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/shared.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a8f3d2c7bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/shared.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/**
+ * Shared definition of the `mount` scenario: cold start of a moderate,
+ * realistic app — router creation (processRouteTree), first render, initial
+ * `router.load()`, and unmount. This is the only scenario where router
+ * construction is inside the measured loop; the wider tree exists as
+ * realistic route-processing weight even though only the index route loads.
+ */
+
+export const readyTestId = 'mount-ready'
+
+export const homeItemCount = 5
+
+export function homeItems() {
+  return Array.from({ length: homeItemCount }, (_, index) => ({
+    id: `item-${index}`,
+    label: `Featured item ${index}`,
+    score: index * 17 + 3,
+  }))
+}
+
+export const homeReadyText = `Home (${homeItemCount} items)`
+
+export function shopContext() {
+  return { shopSeed: 7 }
+}
+
+export function blogContext() {
+  return { blogSeed: 13 }
+}
+
+export function productData(productId: string) {
+  return {
+    id: productId,
+    name: `Product ${productId}`,
+    price: productId.length * 100 + 42,
+  }
+}
+
+export function articleData(slug: string) {
+  return {
+    slug,
+    title: `Article ${slug}`,
+    words: slug.length * 250,
+  }
+}
+
+export function normalizePage(value: unknown) {
+  const page = Number(value)
+  return Number.isFinite(page) && page > 0 ? Math.trunc(page) : 1
+}
+
+export function normalizeQuery(value: unknown) {
+  return typeof value === 'string' ? value : ''
+}
+
+export function assertReady(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const marker = container.querySelector(`[data-testid="${readyTestId}"]`)
+  if (marker?.textContent !== homeReadyText) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected mount marker to be "${homeReadyText}", received "${marker?.textContent}"`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+// Mounts per benchmark iteration.
+// 6 mounts per iteration: a single mount simulates to only ~8ms of CPU, and
+// very short measures amplify the relative impact of allocator/GC
+// quantization; 6 keeps the measure comfortably above ~50ms simulated.
+export const ticksPerIteration = 6
+
+export const benchOptions = {
+  warmupIterations: 100,
+  time: 10_000,
+  throws: true,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4349570654
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-mount-solid",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/mount/solid/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..810ea38c91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createMountLoopSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertReady, readyTestId } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createMountLoopSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Solid',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    readyTestId,
+    assertReady,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1bce4c6750
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-mount', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-mount loop (solid)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae03b145ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import { render } from 'solid-js/web'
+import {
+  RouterProvider,
+  createBrowserHistory,
+  createRouter,
+} from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+import type { RouterHistory } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+/**
+ * Unlike the other scenarios, this app is mounted and unmounted in a loop, so
+ * it must not register page-lifetime globals that have no dispose path:
+ * - the history is created explicitly and `destroy()`ed on unmount — the
+ *   default per-router `createBrowserHistory()` monkey-patches
+ *   `window.history.pushState`/`replaceState`, chaining one wrapper per
+ *   router and degrading every later mount;
+ * - `scrollRestoration` stays off — enabling it registers per-router
+ *   document/window listeners that retain every router ever created.
+ */
+export function createTestRouter(history: RouterHistory) {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    history,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const history = createBrowserHistory()
+  const router = createTestRouter(history)
+
+  const dispose = render(() => <RouterProvider router={router} />, container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      dispose()
+      history.destroy()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dc0acc183d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as ShopRouteImport } from './routes/shop'
+import { Route as SettingsRouteImport } from './routes/settings'
+import { Route as SearchRouteImport } from './routes/search'
+import { Route as BlogRouteImport } from './routes/blog'
+import { Route as AboutRouteImport } from './routes/about'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as ShopIndexRouteImport } from './routes/shop.index'
+import { Route as BlogIndexRouteImport } from './routes/blog.index'
+import { Route as ShopProductIdRouteImport } from './routes/shop.$productId'
+import { Route as BlogSlugRouteImport } from './routes/blog.$slug'
+
+const ShopRoute = ShopRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/shop',
+  path: '/shop',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SettingsRoute = SettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SearchRoute = SearchRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/search',
+  path: '/search',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const BlogRoute = BlogRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/blog',
+  path: '/blog',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const AboutRoute = AboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const ShopIndexRoute = ShopIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => ShopRoute,
+} as any)
+const BlogIndexRoute = BlogIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => BlogRoute,
+} as any)
+const ShopProductIdRoute = ShopProductIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$productId',
+  path: '/$productId',
+  getParentRoute: () => ShopRoute,
+} as any)
+const BlogSlugRoute = BlogSlugRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$slug',
+  path: '/$slug',
+  getParentRoute: () => BlogRoute,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/blog': typeof BlogRouteWithChildren
+  '/search': typeof SearchRoute
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/shop': typeof ShopRouteWithChildren
+  '/blog/$slug': typeof BlogSlugRoute
+  '/shop/$productId': typeof ShopProductIdRoute
+  '/blog/': typeof BlogIndexRoute
+  '/shop/': typeof ShopIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/search': typeof SearchRoute
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/blog/$slug': typeof BlogSlugRoute
+  '/shop/$productId': typeof ShopProductIdRoute
+  '/blog': typeof BlogIndexRoute
+  '/shop': typeof ShopIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/blog': typeof BlogRouteWithChildren
+  '/search': typeof SearchRoute
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/shop': typeof ShopRouteWithChildren
+  '/blog/$slug': typeof BlogSlugRoute
+  '/shop/$productId': typeof ShopProductIdRoute
+  '/blog/': typeof BlogIndexRoute
+  '/shop/': typeof ShopIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths:
+    | '/'
+    | '/about'
+    | '/blog'
+    | '/search'
+    | '/settings'
+    | '/shop'
+    | '/blog/$slug'
+    | '/shop/$productId'
+    | '/blog/'
+    | '/shop/'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to:
+    | '/'
+    | '/about'
+    | '/search'
+    | '/settings'
+    | '/blog/$slug'
+    | '/shop/$productId'
+    | '/blog'
+    | '/shop'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/about'
+    | '/blog'
+    | '/search'
+    | '/settings'
+    | '/shop'
+    | '/blog/$slug'
+    | '/shop/$productId'
+    | '/blog/'
+    | '/shop/'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  AboutRoute: typeof AboutRoute
+  BlogRoute: typeof BlogRouteWithChildren
+  SearchRoute: typeof SearchRoute
+  SettingsRoute: typeof SettingsRoute
+  ShopRoute: typeof ShopRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/shop': {
+      id: '/shop'
+      path: '/shop'
+      fullPath: '/shop'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ShopRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/settings': {
+      id: '/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/search': {
+      id: '/search'
+      path: '/search'
+      fullPath: '/search'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SearchRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/blog': {
+      id: '/blog'
+      path: '/blog'
+      fullPath: '/blog'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof BlogRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/about': {
+      id: '/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof AboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/shop/': {
+      id: '/shop/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/shop/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ShopIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof ShopRoute
+    }
+    '/blog/': {
+      id: '/blog/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/blog/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof BlogIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof BlogRoute
+    }
+    '/shop/$productId': {
+      id: '/shop/$productId'
+      path: '/$productId'
+      fullPath: '/shop/$productId'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ShopProductIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof ShopRoute
+    }
+    '/blog/$slug': {
+      id: '/blog/$slug'
+      path: '/$slug'
+      fullPath: '/blog/$slug'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof BlogSlugRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof BlogRoute
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface BlogRouteChildren {
+  BlogSlugRoute: typeof BlogSlugRoute
+  BlogIndexRoute: typeof BlogIndexRoute
+}
+
+const BlogRouteChildren: BlogRouteChildren = {
+  BlogSlugRoute: BlogSlugRoute,
+  BlogIndexRoute: BlogIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const BlogRouteWithChildren = BlogRoute._addFileChildren(BlogRouteChildren)
+
+interface ShopRouteChildren {
+  ShopProductIdRoute: typeof ShopProductIdRoute
+  ShopIndexRoute: typeof ShopIndexRoute
+}
+
+const ShopRouteChildren: ShopRouteChildren = {
+  ShopProductIdRoute: ShopProductIdRoute,
+  ShopIndexRoute: ShopIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const ShopRouteWithChildren = ShopRoute._addFileChildren(ShopRouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  AboutRoute: AboutRoute,
+  BlogRoute: BlogRouteWithChildren,
+  SearchRoute: SearchRoute,
+  SettingsRoute: SettingsRoute,
+  ShopRoute: ShopRouteWithChildren,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f5c3be2641
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/shop" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+          Shop
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/shop/$productId"
+          params={{ productId: '1' }}
+          activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Product 1
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/blog" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+          Blog
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/search"
+          search={{ q: '', page: 1 }}
+          activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Search
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/about" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+          About
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f74d85aa06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/about')({
+  component: AboutPage,
+})
+
+function AboutPage() {
+  return <p>About</p>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/blog.$slug.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/blog.$slug.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..82caee757a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/blog.$slug.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { articleData } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/blog/$slug')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => articleData(params.slug),
+  component: ArticlePage,
+})
+
+function ArticlePage() {
+  const article = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return <article>{`${article().title} (${article().words} words)`}</article>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/blog.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/blog.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8e75108aca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/blog.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/blog/')({
+  component: BlogIndexPage,
+})
+
+function BlogIndexPage() {
+  return <p>All articles</p>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/blog.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/blog.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e2cfbd019
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/blog.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { blogContext } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/blog')({
+  beforeLoad: () => blogContext(),
+  component: BlogLayout,
+})
+
+function BlogLayout() {
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <h2>Blog</h2>
+      <Outlet />
+    </section>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30665ba224
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { For } from 'solid-js'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { homeItems, readyTestId } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  loader: () => homeItems(),
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  const items = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1 data-testid={readyTestId}>{`Home (${items().length} items)`}</h1>
+      <ul>
+        <For each={items()}>
+          {(item) => <li>{`${item.label}: ${item.score}`}</li>}
+        </For>
+      </ul>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/search.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/search.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3f8b2d9dd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/search.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { normalizePage, normalizeQuery } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/search')({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown>) => ({
+    q: normalizeQuery(search.q),
+    page: normalizePage(search.page),
+  }),
+  component: SearchPage,
+})
+
+function SearchPage() {
+  const search = Route.useSearch()
+
+  return <p>{`Results for "${search().q}" page ${search().page}`}</p>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c6b95424d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/settings')({
+  component: SettingsPage,
+})
+
+function SettingsPage() {
+  return <p>Settings</p>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/shop.$productId.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/shop.$productId.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71b0411d6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/shop.$productId.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { productData } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/shop/$productId')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => productData(params.productId),
+  component: ProductPage,
+})
+
+function ProductPage() {
+  const product = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return <article>{`${product().name}: ${product().price}`}</article>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/shop.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/shop.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e33c8779f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/shop.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/shop/')({
+  component: ShopIndexPage,
+})
+
+function ShopIndexPage() {
+  return <p>All products</p>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/shop.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/shop.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff2ca78653
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/src/routes/shop.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { shopContext } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/shop')({
+  beforeLoad: () => shopContext(),
+  component: ShopLayout,
+})
+
+function ShopLayout() {
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <h2>Shop</h2>
+      <Outlet />
+    </section>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98d76ad6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "solid-js",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..910d332f9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'solid',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    solid({ hot: false, dev: false }),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['solid', 'browser'],
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav mount (solid)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+    server: {
+      deps: {
+        inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2dbd10440
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-mount-vue",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/mount/vue/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3976e71c51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createMountLoopSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertReady, readyTestId } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createMountLoopSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Vue',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    readyTestId,
+    assertReady,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d2e4b72c84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-mount', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-mount loop (vue)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6d238e2832
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import {
+  RouterProvider,
+  createBrowserHistory,
+  createRouter,
+} from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+import type { RouterHistory } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+/**
+ * Unlike the other scenarios, this app is mounted and unmounted in a loop, so
+ * it must not register page-lifetime globals that have no dispose path:
+ * - the history is created explicitly and `destroy()`ed on unmount — the
+ *   default per-router `createBrowserHistory()` monkey-patches
+ *   `window.history.pushState`/`replaceState`, chaining one wrapper per
+ *   router and degrading every later mount;
+ * - `scrollRestoration` stays off — enabling it registers per-router
+ *   document/window listeners that retain every router ever created.
+ */
+export function createTestRouter(history: RouterHistory) {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    history,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const history = createBrowserHistory()
+  const router = createTestRouter(history)
+
+  const component = <RouterProvider router={router} />
+  const app = Vue.createApp({
+    render: () => component,
+  })
+
+  app.mount(container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      app.unmount()
+      history.destroy()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98643d63c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as ShopRouteImport } from './routes/shop'
+import { Route as SettingsRouteImport } from './routes/settings'
+import { Route as SearchRouteImport } from './routes/search'
+import { Route as BlogRouteImport } from './routes/blog'
+import { Route as AboutRouteImport } from './routes/about'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as ShopIndexRouteImport } from './routes/shop.index'
+import { Route as BlogIndexRouteImport } from './routes/blog.index'
+import { Route as ShopProductIdRouteImport } from './routes/shop.$productId'
+import { Route as BlogSlugRouteImport } from './routes/blog.$slug'
+
+const ShopRoute = ShopRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/shop',
+  path: '/shop',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SettingsRoute = SettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SearchRoute = SearchRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/search',
+  path: '/search',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const BlogRoute = BlogRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/blog',
+  path: '/blog',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const AboutRoute = AboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const ShopIndexRoute = ShopIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => ShopRoute,
+} as any)
+const BlogIndexRoute = BlogIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => BlogRoute,
+} as any)
+const ShopProductIdRoute = ShopProductIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$productId',
+  path: '/$productId',
+  getParentRoute: () => ShopRoute,
+} as any)
+const BlogSlugRoute = BlogSlugRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$slug',
+  path: '/$slug',
+  getParentRoute: () => BlogRoute,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/blog': typeof BlogRouteWithChildren
+  '/search': typeof SearchRoute
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/shop': typeof ShopRouteWithChildren
+  '/blog/$slug': typeof BlogSlugRoute
+  '/shop/$productId': typeof ShopProductIdRoute
+  '/blog/': typeof BlogIndexRoute
+  '/shop/': typeof ShopIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/search': typeof SearchRoute
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/blog/$slug': typeof BlogSlugRoute
+  '/shop/$productId': typeof ShopProductIdRoute
+  '/blog': typeof BlogIndexRoute
+  '/shop': typeof ShopIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/about': typeof AboutRoute
+  '/blog': typeof BlogRouteWithChildren
+  '/search': typeof SearchRoute
+  '/settings': typeof SettingsRoute
+  '/shop': typeof ShopRouteWithChildren
+  '/blog/$slug': typeof BlogSlugRoute
+  '/shop/$productId': typeof ShopProductIdRoute
+  '/blog/': typeof BlogIndexRoute
+  '/shop/': typeof ShopIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths:
+    | '/'
+    | '/about'
+    | '/blog'
+    | '/search'
+    | '/settings'
+    | '/shop'
+    | '/blog/$slug'
+    | '/shop/$productId'
+    | '/blog/'
+    | '/shop/'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to:
+    | '/'
+    | '/about'
+    | '/search'
+    | '/settings'
+    | '/blog/$slug'
+    | '/shop/$productId'
+    | '/blog'
+    | '/shop'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/about'
+    | '/blog'
+    | '/search'
+    | '/settings'
+    | '/shop'
+    | '/blog/$slug'
+    | '/shop/$productId'
+    | '/blog/'
+    | '/shop/'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  AboutRoute: typeof AboutRoute
+  BlogRoute: typeof BlogRouteWithChildren
+  SearchRoute: typeof SearchRoute
+  SettingsRoute: typeof SettingsRoute
+  ShopRoute: typeof ShopRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/shop': {
+      id: '/shop'
+      path: '/shop'
+      fullPath: '/shop'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ShopRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/settings': {
+      id: '/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/search': {
+      id: '/search'
+      path: '/search'
+      fullPath: '/search'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SearchRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/blog': {
+      id: '/blog'
+      path: '/blog'
+      fullPath: '/blog'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof BlogRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/about': {
+      id: '/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof AboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/shop/': {
+      id: '/shop/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/shop/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ShopIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof ShopRoute
+    }
+    '/blog/': {
+      id: '/blog/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/blog/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof BlogIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof BlogRoute
+    }
+    '/shop/$productId': {
+      id: '/shop/$productId'
+      path: '/$productId'
+      fullPath: '/shop/$productId'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ShopProductIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof ShopRoute
+    }
+    '/blog/$slug': {
+      id: '/blog/$slug'
+      path: '/$slug'
+      fullPath: '/blog/$slug'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof BlogSlugRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof BlogRoute
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface BlogRouteChildren {
+  BlogSlugRoute: typeof BlogSlugRoute
+  BlogIndexRoute: typeof BlogIndexRoute
+}
+
+const BlogRouteChildren: BlogRouteChildren = {
+  BlogSlugRoute: BlogSlugRoute,
+  BlogIndexRoute: BlogIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const BlogRouteWithChildren = BlogRoute._addFileChildren(BlogRouteChildren)
+
+interface ShopRouteChildren {
+  ShopProductIdRoute: typeof ShopProductIdRoute
+  ShopIndexRoute: typeof ShopIndexRoute
+}
+
+const ShopRouteChildren: ShopRouteChildren = {
+  ShopProductIdRoute: ShopProductIdRoute,
+  ShopIndexRoute: ShopIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const ShopRouteWithChildren = ShopRoute._addFileChildren(ShopRouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  AboutRoute: AboutRoute,
+  BlogRoute: BlogRouteWithChildren,
+  SearchRoute: SearchRoute,
+  SettingsRoute: SettingsRoute,
+  ShopRoute: ShopRouteWithChildren,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5c2b7b52d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const RootComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <nav>
+          <Link to="/" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+            Home
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/shop" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+            Shop
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/shop/$productId"
+            params={{ productId: '1' }}
+            activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+          >
+            Product 1
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/blog" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+            Blog
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/search"
+            search={{ q: '', page: 1 }}
+            activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+          >
+            Search
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/about" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+            About
+          </Link>
+        </nav>
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..254ecca29c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const AboutPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <p>About</p>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/about')({
+  component: AboutPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/blog.$slug.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/blog.$slug.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b2e855a6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/blog.$slug.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { articleData } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ArticlePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const article = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+    return () => (
+      <article>{`${article.value.title} (${article.value.words} words)`}</article>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/blog/$slug')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => articleData(params.slug),
+  component: ArticlePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/blog.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/blog.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3c2bd0305
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/blog.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const BlogIndexPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <p>All articles</p>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/blog/')({
+  component: BlogIndexPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/blog.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/blog.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fe9532cc6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/blog.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { blogContext } from '../../../shared'
+
+const BlogLayout = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <section>
+        <h2>Blog</h2>
+        <Outlet />
+      </section>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/blog')({
+  beforeLoad: () => blogContext(),
+  component: BlogLayout,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b0be4d78bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { homeItems, readyTestId } from '../../../shared'
+
+const HomePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const items = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <h1
+          data-testid={readyTestId}
+        >{`Home (${items.value.length} items)`}</h1>
+        <ul>
+          {items.value.map((item) => (
+            <li key={item.id}>{`${item.label}: ${item.score}`}</li>
+          ))}
+        </ul>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  loader: () => homeItems(),
+  component: HomePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/search.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/search.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..09fdb29c1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/search.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { normalizePage, normalizeQuery } from '../../../shared'
+
+const SearchPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const search = Route.useSearch()
+
+    return () => (
+      <p>{`Results for "${search.value.q}" page ${search.value.page}`}</p>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/search')({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown>) => ({
+    q: normalizeQuery(search.q),
+    page: normalizePage(search.page),
+  }),
+  component: SearchPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3fc0485606
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const SettingsPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <p>Settings</p>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/settings')({
+  component: SettingsPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/shop.$productId.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/shop.$productId.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..897559599a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/shop.$productId.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { productData } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ProductPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const product = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+    return () => (
+      <article>{`${product.value.name}: ${product.value.price}`}</article>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/shop/$productId')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => productData(params.productId),
+  component: ProductPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/shop.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/shop.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1040520f03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/shop.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const ShopIndexPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <p>All products</p>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/shop/')({
+  component: ShopIndexPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/shop.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/shop.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..184807cfa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/src/routes/shop.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { shopContext } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ShopLayout = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <section>
+        <h2>Shop</h2>
+        <Outlet />
+      </section>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/shop')({
+  beforeLoad: () => shopContext(),
+  component: ShopLayout,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7786fc3da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "vue",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..107e1037b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/mount/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'vue',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    vue(),
+    vueJsx(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav mount (vue)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..800f8af9a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-nested-params-react",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/nested-params/react/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..130583b190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'React',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..321b1ad230
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-nested-params', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-nested-params navigation loop (react)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef0b99555c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const reactRoot = createRoot(container)
+  reactRoot.render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      reactRoot.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..95d4b46623
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as LARouteImport } from './routes/l.$a'
+import { Route as LABRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b'
+import { Route as LABCRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c'
+import { Route as LABCDRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d'
+import { Route as LABCDERouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e'
+import { Route as LABCDEFRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f'
+import { Route as LABCDEFGRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g'
+import { Route as LABCDEFGHRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.$h'
+
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const LARoute = LARouteImport.update({
+  id: '/l/$a',
+  path: '/l/$a',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const LABRoute = LABRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$b',
+  path: '/$b',
+  getParentRoute: () => LARoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCRoute = LABCRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$c',
+  path: '/$c',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABRoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDRoute = LABCDRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$d',
+  path: '/$d',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCRoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDERoute = LABCDERouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$e',
+  path: '/$e',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCDRoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDEFRoute = LABCDEFRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$f',
+  path: '/$f',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCDERoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDEFGRoute = LABCDEFGRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$g',
+  path: '/$g',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCDEFRoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDEFGHRoute = LABCDEFGHRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$h',
+  path: '/$h',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCDEFGRoute,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/l/$a': typeof LARouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b': typeof LABRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c': typeof LABCRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d': typeof LABCDRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e': typeof LABCDERouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f': typeof LABCDEFRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g': typeof LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h': typeof LABCDEFGHRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/l/$a': typeof LARouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b': typeof LABRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c': typeof LABCRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d': typeof LABCDRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e': typeof LABCDERouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f': typeof LABCDEFRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g': typeof LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h': typeof LABCDEFGHRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/l/$a': typeof LARouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b': typeof LABRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c': typeof LABCRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d': typeof LABCDRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e': typeof LABCDERouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f': typeof LABCDEFRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g': typeof LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h': typeof LABCDEFGHRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths:
+    | '/'
+    | '/l/$a'
+    | '/l/$a/$b'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to:
+    | '/'
+    | '/l/$a'
+    | '/l/$a/$b'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/l/$a'
+    | '/l/$a/$b'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  LARoute: typeof LARouteWithChildren
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/l/$a': {
+      id: '/l/$a'
+      path: '/l/$a'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LARouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b'
+      path: '/$b'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LARoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+      path: '/$c'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABRoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+      path: '/$d'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCRoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+      path: '/$e'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDERouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCDRoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+      path: '/$f'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDEFRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCDERoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+      path: '/$g'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDEFGRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCDEFRoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+      path: '/$h'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDEFGHRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCDEFGRoute
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface LABCDEFGRouteChildren {
+  LABCDEFGHRoute: typeof LABCDEFGHRoute
+}
+
+const LABCDEFGRouteChildren: LABCDEFGRouteChildren = {
+  LABCDEFGHRoute: LABCDEFGHRoute,
+}
+
+const LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren = LABCDEFGRoute._addFileChildren(
+  LABCDEFGRouteChildren,
+)
+
+interface LABCDEFRouteChildren {
+  LABCDEFGRoute: typeof LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABCDEFRouteChildren: LABCDEFRouteChildren = {
+  LABCDEFGRoute: LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABCDEFRouteWithChildren =
+  LABCDEFRoute._addFileChildren(LABCDEFRouteChildren)
+
+interface LABCDERouteChildren {
+  LABCDEFRoute: typeof LABCDEFRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABCDERouteChildren: LABCDERouteChildren = {
+  LABCDEFRoute: LABCDEFRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABCDERouteWithChildren =
+  LABCDERoute._addFileChildren(LABCDERouteChildren)
+
+interface LABCDRouteChildren {
+  LABCDERoute: typeof LABCDERouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABCDRouteChildren: LABCDRouteChildren = {
+  LABCDERoute: LABCDERouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABCDRouteWithChildren = LABCDRoute._addFileChildren(LABCDRouteChildren)
+
+interface LABCRouteChildren {
+  LABCDRoute: typeof LABCDRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABCRouteChildren: LABCRouteChildren = {
+  LABCDRoute: LABCDRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABCRouteWithChildren = LABCRoute._addFileChildren(LABCRouteChildren)
+
+interface LABRouteChildren {
+  LABCRoute: typeof LABCRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABRouteChildren: LABRouteChildren = {
+  LABCRoute: LABCRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABRouteWithChildren = LABRoute._addFileChildren(LABRouteChildren)
+
+interface LARouteChildren {
+  LABRoute: typeof LABRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LARouteChildren: LARouteChildren = {
+  LABRoute: LABRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LARouteWithChildren = LARoute._addFileChildren(LARouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  LARoute: LARouteWithChildren,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef2c7b1b18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { leafParamSets, midParams } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h"
+          params={leafParamSets[0]!}
+          data-testid="leaf-1"
+        >
+          Leaf 1
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h"
+          params={leafParamSets[1]!}
+          data-testid="leaf-2"
+        >
+          Leaf 2
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h"
+          params={leafParamSets[2]!}
+          data-testid="leaf-3"
+        >
+          Leaf 3
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h"
+          params={leafParamSets[3]!}
+          data-testid="leaf-4"
+        >
+          Leaf 4
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d" params={midParams} data-testid="mid-4">
+          Mid 4
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..24e856ea15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.$h.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.$h.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9789e28040
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.$h.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, h: normalizeParam(params.h) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, h: String(params.h) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxH: smallHash(params.h) }),
+  component: LevelH,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.h) })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.h}:2`),
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxH })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxH * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelH() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <div data-testid="leaf-state">
+        {[
+          params.a,
+          params.b,
+          params.c,
+          params.d,
+          params.e,
+          params.f,
+          params.g,
+          params.h,
+        ].join('.')}
+      </div>
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..650b32ce96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, g: normalizeParam(params.g) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, g: String(params.g) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxG: smallHash(params.g) }),
+  component: LevelG,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.g) })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.g}:2`),
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxG })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxG * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelG() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ca18e3ccd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, f: normalizeParam(params.f) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, f: String(params.f) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxF: smallHash(params.f) }),
+  component: LevelF,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.f) })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.f}:2`),
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxF })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxF * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelF() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..782c1808c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, e: normalizeParam(params.e) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, e: String(params.e) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxE: smallHash(params.e) }),
+  component: LevelE,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.e) })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.e}:2`),
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxE })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxE * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelE() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a874bbcb63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, d: normalizeParam(params.d) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, d: String(params.d) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxD: smallHash(params.d) }),
+  component: LevelD,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.d) })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.d}:2`),
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxD })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxD * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelD() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <div data-testid="mid-state">
+        {[params.a, params.b, params.c, params.d].join('.')}
+      </div>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..94aba79453
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, c: normalizeParam(params.c) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, c: String(params.c) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxC: smallHash(params.c) }),
+  component: LevelC,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.c) })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.c}:2`),
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxC })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxC * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelC() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1960b68276
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.$b.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, b: normalizeParam(params.b) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, b: String(params.b) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxB: smallHash(params.b) }),
+  component: LevelB,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.b) })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.b}:2`),
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxB })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxB * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelB() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..85d1de6f68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/src/routes/l.$a.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, a: normalizeParam(params.a) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, a: String(params.a) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxA: smallHash(params.a) }),
+  component: LevelA,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.a) })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.a}:2`),
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxA })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxA * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  void value
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelA() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d59cbb450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..672b1850ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'react',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    react(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav nested-params (react)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/shared.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/shared.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06c968bb18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/shared.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+/**
+ * Shared definition of the `nested-params` scenario: deep dynamic nesting with
+ * per-level params.parse/stringify, beforeLoad context accumulation, and
+ * useParams/useRouteContext subscribers at every level. The three framework
+ * apps consume these builders so the workload is identical modulo the
+ * rendering layer.
+ */
+
+export interface LeafParams {
+  a: string
+  b: string
+  c: string
+  d: string
+  e: string
+  f: string
+  g: string
+  h: string
+}
+
+// Several values need percent-encoding in the URL (spaces, `&`, `%`, `+`,
+// unicode) so every navigation exercises the param encode/decode paths, not
+// just plain-ASCII interpolation.
+const baseParams: LeafParams = {
+  a: 'alpha',
+  b: 'bravo & co',
+  c: 'charlie 100%',
+  d: 'delta',
+  e: 'écho-café',
+  f: 'foxtrot+one',
+  g: 'golf',
+  h: 'hôtel',
+}
+
+/**
+ * set 0: base; set 1: only the deepest param differs (only the leaf re-runs);
+ * set 2: a mid param differs (levels d..h re-run); set 3: the top param
+ * differs (every level re-runs).
+ */
+export const leafParamSets: ReadonlyArray<LeafParams> = [
+  baseParams,
+  { ...baseParams, h: 'hilton' },
+  { ...baseParams, d: 'dover' },
+  { ...baseParams, a: 'axel' },
+]
+
+export const midParams = {
+  a: baseParams.a,
+  b: baseParams.b,
+  c: baseParams.c,
+  d: baseParams.d,
+}
+
+export function normalizeParam(value: unknown) {
+  const raw = String(value)
+  return raw.length > 24 ? raw.slice(0, 24) : raw
+}
+
+export function smallHash(value: string | number) {
+  const input = `${value}`
+  let hash = 5381
+  for (let index = 0; index < input.length; index++) {
+    hash = ((hash * 33) ^ input.charCodeAt(index)) >>> 0
+  }
+  return hash
+}
+
+export function leafMarker(params: LeafParams) {
+  return [
+    params.a,
+    params.b,
+    params.c,
+    params.d,
+    params.e,
+    params.f,
+    params.g,
+    params.h,
+  ]
+    .map(normalizeParam)
+    .join('.')
+}
+
+export function midMarker(params: typeof midParams) {
+  return [params.a, params.b, params.c, params.d].map(normalizeParam).join('.')
+}
+
+export const steps = [
+  'leaf-1',
+  'leaf-2',
+  'leaf-3',
+  'leaf-4',
+  'mid-4',
+  'home',
+] as const
+
+function requireText(container: HTMLElement, testId: string, expected: string) {
+  const element = container.querySelector(`[data-testid="${testId}"]`)
+  if (!element || element.textContent !== expected) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected [data-testid="${testId}"] to render "${expected}", received "${element?.textContent ?? '<missing>'}"`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+function requireAbsent(container: HTMLElement, testId: string) {
+  if (container.querySelector(`[data-testid="${testId}"]`)) {
+    throw new Error(`Expected [data-testid="${testId}"] to be absent`)
+  }
+}
+
+export function assertStepResult(stepIndex: number, container: HTMLElement) {
+  const step = steps[stepIndex % steps.length]!
+  switch (step) {
+    case 'leaf-1':
+      requireText(container, 'leaf-state', leafMarker(leafParamSets[0]!))
+      break
+    case 'leaf-2':
+      requireText(container, 'leaf-state', leafMarker(leafParamSets[1]!))
+      break
+    case 'leaf-3':
+      requireText(container, 'leaf-state', leafMarker(leafParamSets[2]!))
+      break
+    case 'leaf-4':
+      requireText(container, 'leaf-state', leafMarker(leafParamSets[3]!))
+      break
+    case 'mid-4':
+      requireAbsent(container, 'leaf-state')
+      requireText(container, 'mid-state', midMarker(midParams))
+      break
+    case 'home':
+      requireAbsent(container, 'leaf-state')
+      requireAbsent(container, 'mid-state')
+      break
+  }
+}
+
+// Three laps through the 6-step sequence per benchmark iteration.
+export const ticksPerIteration = 18
+
+export const benchOptions = {
+  warmupIterations: 100,
+  time: 10_000,
+  throws: true,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb0b91bd6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-nested-params-solid",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/nested-params/solid/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a46971603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Solid',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d35980f612
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-nested-params', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-nested-params navigation loop (solid)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..817045bd02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { render } from 'solid-js/web'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const unmount = render(() => <RouterProvider router={router} />, container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9065c9294f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as LARouteImport } from './routes/l.$a'
+import { Route as LABRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b'
+import { Route as LABCRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c'
+import { Route as LABCDRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d'
+import { Route as LABCDERouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e'
+import { Route as LABCDEFRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f'
+import { Route as LABCDEFGRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g'
+import { Route as LABCDEFGHRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.$h'
+
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const LARoute = LARouteImport.update({
+  id: '/l/$a',
+  path: '/l/$a',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const LABRoute = LABRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$b',
+  path: '/$b',
+  getParentRoute: () => LARoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCRoute = LABCRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$c',
+  path: '/$c',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABRoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDRoute = LABCDRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$d',
+  path: '/$d',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCRoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDERoute = LABCDERouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$e',
+  path: '/$e',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCDRoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDEFRoute = LABCDEFRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$f',
+  path: '/$f',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCDERoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDEFGRoute = LABCDEFGRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$g',
+  path: '/$g',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCDEFRoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDEFGHRoute = LABCDEFGHRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$h',
+  path: '/$h',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCDEFGRoute,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/l/$a': typeof LARouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b': typeof LABRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c': typeof LABCRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d': typeof LABCDRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e': typeof LABCDERouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f': typeof LABCDEFRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g': typeof LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h': typeof LABCDEFGHRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/l/$a': typeof LARouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b': typeof LABRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c': typeof LABCRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d': typeof LABCDRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e': typeof LABCDERouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f': typeof LABCDEFRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g': typeof LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h': typeof LABCDEFGHRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/l/$a': typeof LARouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b': typeof LABRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c': typeof LABCRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d': typeof LABCDRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e': typeof LABCDERouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f': typeof LABCDEFRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g': typeof LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h': typeof LABCDEFGHRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths:
+    | '/'
+    | '/l/$a'
+    | '/l/$a/$b'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to:
+    | '/'
+    | '/l/$a'
+    | '/l/$a/$b'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/l/$a'
+    | '/l/$a/$b'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  LARoute: typeof LARouteWithChildren
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/l/$a': {
+      id: '/l/$a'
+      path: '/l/$a'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LARouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b'
+      path: '/$b'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LARoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+      path: '/$c'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABRoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+      path: '/$d'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCRoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+      path: '/$e'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDERouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCDRoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+      path: '/$f'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDEFRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCDERoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+      path: '/$g'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDEFGRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCDEFRoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+      path: '/$h'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDEFGHRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCDEFGRoute
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface LABCDEFGRouteChildren {
+  LABCDEFGHRoute: typeof LABCDEFGHRoute
+}
+
+const LABCDEFGRouteChildren: LABCDEFGRouteChildren = {
+  LABCDEFGHRoute: LABCDEFGHRoute,
+}
+
+const LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren = LABCDEFGRoute._addFileChildren(
+  LABCDEFGRouteChildren,
+)
+
+interface LABCDEFRouteChildren {
+  LABCDEFGRoute: typeof LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABCDEFRouteChildren: LABCDEFRouteChildren = {
+  LABCDEFGRoute: LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABCDEFRouteWithChildren =
+  LABCDEFRoute._addFileChildren(LABCDEFRouteChildren)
+
+interface LABCDERouteChildren {
+  LABCDEFRoute: typeof LABCDEFRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABCDERouteChildren: LABCDERouteChildren = {
+  LABCDEFRoute: LABCDEFRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABCDERouteWithChildren =
+  LABCDERoute._addFileChildren(LABCDERouteChildren)
+
+interface LABCDRouteChildren {
+  LABCDERoute: typeof LABCDERouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABCDRouteChildren: LABCDRouteChildren = {
+  LABCDERoute: LABCDERouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABCDRouteWithChildren = LABCDRoute._addFileChildren(LABCDRouteChildren)
+
+interface LABCRouteChildren {
+  LABCDRoute: typeof LABCDRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABCRouteChildren: LABCRouteChildren = {
+  LABCDRoute: LABCDRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABCRouteWithChildren = LABCRoute._addFileChildren(LABCRouteChildren)
+
+interface LABRouteChildren {
+  LABCRoute: typeof LABCRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABRouteChildren: LABRouteChildren = {
+  LABCRoute: LABCRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABRouteWithChildren = LABRoute._addFileChildren(LABRouteChildren)
+
+interface LARouteChildren {
+  LABRoute: typeof LABRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LARouteChildren: LARouteChildren = {
+  LABRoute: LABRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LARouteWithChildren = LARoute._addFileChildren(LARouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  LARoute: LARouteWithChildren,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6fe7ab3e3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { leafParamSets, midParams } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h"
+          params={leafParamSets[0]!}
+          data-testid="leaf-1"
+        >
+          Leaf 1
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h"
+          params={leafParamSets[1]!}
+          data-testid="leaf-2"
+        >
+          Leaf 2
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h"
+          params={leafParamSets[2]!}
+          data-testid="leaf-3"
+        >
+          Leaf 3
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h"
+          params={leafParamSets[3]!}
+          data-testid="leaf-4"
+        >
+          Leaf 4
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d" params={midParams} data-testid="mid-4">
+          Mid 4
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cc46764de5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.$h.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.$h.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7dc55db0e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.$h.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import { createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, h: normalizeParam(params.h) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, h: String(params.h) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxH: smallHash(params.h) }),
+  component: LevelH,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.h) })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.h}:2`),
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxH })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxH * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelH() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <div data-testid="leaf-state">
+        {[
+          params().a,
+          params().b,
+          params().c,
+          params().d,
+          params().e,
+          params().f,
+          params().g,
+          params().h,
+        ].join('.')}
+      </div>
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d9c6c9429b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, g: normalizeParam(params.g) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, g: String(params.g) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxG: smallHash(params.g) }),
+  component: LevelG,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.g) })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.g}:2`),
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxG })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxG * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelG() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..010f89bc4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, f: normalizeParam(params.f) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, f: String(params.f) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxF: smallHash(params.f) }),
+  component: LevelF,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.f) })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.f}:2`),
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxF })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxF * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelF() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..08c107f0c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, e: normalizeParam(params.e) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, e: String(params.e) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxE: smallHash(params.e) }),
+  component: LevelE,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.e) })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.e}:2`),
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxE })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxE * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelE() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1b64edd58b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+import { createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, d: normalizeParam(params.d) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, d: String(params.d) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxD: smallHash(params.d) }),
+  component: LevelD,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.d) })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.d}:2`),
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxD })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxD * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelD() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <div data-testid="mid-state">
+        {[params().a, params().b, params().c, params().d].join('.')}
+      </div>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e509ea82c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, c: normalizeParam(params.c) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, c: String(params.c) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxC: smallHash(params.c) }),
+  component: LevelC,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.c) })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.c}:2`),
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxC })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxC * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelC() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ada853b845
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.$b.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, b: normalizeParam(params.b) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, b: String(params.b) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxB: smallHash(params.b) }),
+  component: LevelB,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.b) })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.b}:2`),
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxB })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxB * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelB() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ecf004fae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/src/routes/l.$a.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, a: normalizeParam(params.a) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, a: String(params.a) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxA: smallHash(params.a) }),
+  component: LevelA,
+})
+
+function ParamsSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({ select: (params) => smallHash(params.a) })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ParamsSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useParams({
+    select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.a}:2`),
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberOne() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({ select: (context) => context.ctxA })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function ContextSubscriberTwo() {
+  const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+    select: (context) => (context.ctxA * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+  })
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void value()
+  })
+  return null
+}
+
+function LevelA() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+      <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+      <ContextSubscriberOne />
+      <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98d76ad6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "solid-js",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f5c9e13c0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'solid',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    solid({ hot: false, dev: false }),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['solid', 'browser'],
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav nested-params (solid)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+    server: {
+      deps: {
+        inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..83c234382c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-nested-params-vue",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/nested-params/vue/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97b74b3892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Vue',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fac8703c34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-nested-params', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-nested-params navigation loop (vue)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c96d3f3a2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const component = <RouterProvider router={router} />
+  const app = Vue.createApp({
+    render: () => component,
+  })
+
+  app.mount(container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      app.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a7d1049b49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as LARouteImport } from './routes/l.$a'
+import { Route as LABRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b'
+import { Route as LABCRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c'
+import { Route as LABCDRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d'
+import { Route as LABCDERouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e'
+import { Route as LABCDEFRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f'
+import { Route as LABCDEFGRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g'
+import { Route as LABCDEFGHRouteImport } from './routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.$h'
+
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const LARoute = LARouteImport.update({
+  id: '/l/$a',
+  path: '/l/$a',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const LABRoute = LABRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$b',
+  path: '/$b',
+  getParentRoute: () => LARoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCRoute = LABCRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$c',
+  path: '/$c',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABRoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDRoute = LABCDRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$d',
+  path: '/$d',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCRoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDERoute = LABCDERouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$e',
+  path: '/$e',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCDRoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDEFRoute = LABCDEFRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$f',
+  path: '/$f',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCDERoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDEFGRoute = LABCDEFGRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$g',
+  path: '/$g',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCDEFRoute,
+} as any)
+const LABCDEFGHRoute = LABCDEFGHRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$h',
+  path: '/$h',
+  getParentRoute: () => LABCDEFGRoute,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/l/$a': typeof LARouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b': typeof LABRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c': typeof LABCRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d': typeof LABCDRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e': typeof LABCDERouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f': typeof LABCDEFRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g': typeof LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h': typeof LABCDEFGHRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/l/$a': typeof LARouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b': typeof LABRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c': typeof LABCRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d': typeof LABCDRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e': typeof LABCDERouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f': typeof LABCDEFRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g': typeof LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h': typeof LABCDEFGHRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/l/$a': typeof LARouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b': typeof LABRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c': typeof LABCRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d': typeof LABCDRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e': typeof LABCDERouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f': typeof LABCDEFRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g': typeof LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren
+  '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h': typeof LABCDEFGHRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths:
+    | '/'
+    | '/l/$a'
+    | '/l/$a/$b'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to:
+    | '/'
+    | '/l/$a'
+    | '/l/$a/$b'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/l/$a'
+    | '/l/$a/$b'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+    | '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  LARoute: typeof LARouteWithChildren
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/l/$a': {
+      id: '/l/$a'
+      path: '/l/$a'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LARouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b'
+      path: '/$b'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LARoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+      path: '/$c'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABRoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+      path: '/$d'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCRoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+      path: '/$e'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDERouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCDRoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+      path: '/$f'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDEFRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCDERoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+      path: '/$g'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDEFGRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCDEFRoute
+    }
+    '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h': {
+      id: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+      path: '/$h'
+      fullPath: '/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LABCDEFGHRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LABCDEFGRoute
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface LABCDEFGRouteChildren {
+  LABCDEFGHRoute: typeof LABCDEFGHRoute
+}
+
+const LABCDEFGRouteChildren: LABCDEFGRouteChildren = {
+  LABCDEFGHRoute: LABCDEFGHRoute,
+}
+
+const LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren = LABCDEFGRoute._addFileChildren(
+  LABCDEFGRouteChildren,
+)
+
+interface LABCDEFRouteChildren {
+  LABCDEFGRoute: typeof LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABCDEFRouteChildren: LABCDEFRouteChildren = {
+  LABCDEFGRoute: LABCDEFGRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABCDEFRouteWithChildren =
+  LABCDEFRoute._addFileChildren(LABCDEFRouteChildren)
+
+interface LABCDERouteChildren {
+  LABCDEFRoute: typeof LABCDEFRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABCDERouteChildren: LABCDERouteChildren = {
+  LABCDEFRoute: LABCDEFRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABCDERouteWithChildren =
+  LABCDERoute._addFileChildren(LABCDERouteChildren)
+
+interface LABCDRouteChildren {
+  LABCDERoute: typeof LABCDERouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABCDRouteChildren: LABCDRouteChildren = {
+  LABCDERoute: LABCDERouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABCDRouteWithChildren = LABCDRoute._addFileChildren(LABCDRouteChildren)
+
+interface LABCRouteChildren {
+  LABCDRoute: typeof LABCDRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABCRouteChildren: LABCRouteChildren = {
+  LABCDRoute: LABCDRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABCRouteWithChildren = LABCRoute._addFileChildren(LABCRouteChildren)
+
+interface LABRouteChildren {
+  LABCRoute: typeof LABCRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LABRouteChildren: LABRouteChildren = {
+  LABCRoute: LABCRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LABRouteWithChildren = LABRoute._addFileChildren(LABRouteChildren)
+
+interface LARouteChildren {
+  LABRoute: typeof LABRouteWithChildren
+}
+
+const LARouteChildren: LARouteChildren = {
+  LABRoute: LABRouteWithChildren,
+}
+
+const LARouteWithChildren = LARoute._addFileChildren(LARouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  LARoute: LARouteWithChildren,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..28dd4e847a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { leafParamSets, midParams } from '../../../shared'
+
+const RootComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <nav>
+          <Link to="/" data-testid="home">
+            Home
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h"
+            params={leafParamSets[0]!}
+            data-testid="leaf-1"
+          >
+            Leaf 1
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h"
+            params={leafParamSets[1]!}
+            data-testid="leaf-2"
+          >
+            Leaf 2
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h"
+            params={leafParamSets[2]!}
+            data-testid="leaf-3"
+          >
+            Leaf 3
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h"
+            params={leafParamSets[3]!}
+            data-testid="leaf-4"
+          >
+            Leaf 4
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/l/$a/$b/$c/$d" params={midParams} data-testid="mid-4">
+            Mid 4
+          </Link>
+        </nav>
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f3ffc58610
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const HomePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.$h.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.$h.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..756c31e1a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.$h.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ParamsSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(params.h),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ParamsSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.h}:2`),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => context.ctxH,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => (context.ctxH * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const LevelH = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+        <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+        <ContextSubscriberOne />
+        <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+        <div data-testid="leaf-state">
+          {[
+            params.value.a,
+            params.value.b,
+            params.value.c,
+            params.value.d,
+            params.value.e,
+            params.value.f,
+            params.value.g,
+            params.value.h,
+          ].join('.')}
+        </div>
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g/$h')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, h: normalizeParam(params.h) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, h: String(params.h) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxH: smallHash(params.h) }),
+  component: LevelH,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d6b9ccde83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.$g.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ParamsSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(params.g),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ParamsSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.g}:2`),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => context.ctxG,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => (context.ctxG * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const LevelG = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+        <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+        <ContextSubscriberOne />
+        <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f/$g')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, g: normalizeParam(params.g) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, g: String(params.g) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxG: smallHash(params.g) }),
+  component: LevelG,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..76ed24904c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.$f.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ParamsSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(params.f),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ParamsSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.f}:2`),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => context.ctxF,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => (context.ctxF * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const LevelF = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+        <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+        <ContextSubscriberOne />
+        <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e/$f')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, f: normalizeParam(params.f) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, f: String(params.f) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxF: smallHash(params.f) }),
+  component: LevelF,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e24d3dc373
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.$e.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ParamsSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(params.e),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ParamsSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.e}:2`),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => context.ctxE,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => (context.ctxE * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const LevelE = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+        <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+        <ContextSubscriberOne />
+        <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d/$e')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, e: normalizeParam(params.e) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, e: String(params.e) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxE: smallHash(params.e) }),
+  component: LevelE,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7785638ee7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.$d.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ParamsSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(params.d),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ParamsSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.d}:2`),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => context.ctxD,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => (context.ctxD * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const LevelD = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+        <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+        <ContextSubscriberOne />
+        <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+        <div data-testid="mid-state">
+          {[
+            params.value.a,
+            params.value.b,
+            params.value.c,
+            params.value.d,
+          ].join('.')}
+        </div>
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c/$d')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, d: normalizeParam(params.d) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, d: String(params.d) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxD: smallHash(params.d) }),
+  component: LevelD,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0d0adc65ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.$c.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ParamsSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(params.c),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ParamsSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.c}:2`),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => context.ctxC,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => (context.ctxC * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const LevelC = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+        <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+        <ContextSubscriberOne />
+        <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b/$c')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, c: normalizeParam(params.c) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, c: String(params.c) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxC: smallHash(params.c) }),
+  component: LevelC,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f013d865af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.$b.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ParamsSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(params.b),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ParamsSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.b}:2`),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => context.ctxB,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => (context.ctxB * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const LevelB = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+        <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+        <ContextSubscriberOne />
+        <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a/$b')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, b: normalizeParam(params.b) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, b: String(params.b) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxB: smallHash(params.b) }),
+  component: LevelB,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5764c0985
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/src/routes/l.$a.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { normalizeParam, smallHash } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ParamsSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(params.a),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ParamsSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useParams({
+      select: (params) => smallHash(`${params.a}:2`),
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberOne = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => context.ctxA,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ContextSubscriberTwo = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useRouteContext({
+      select: (context) => (context.ctxA * 31 + 7) >>> 0,
+    })
+    return () => {
+      void value.value
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const LevelA = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <ParamsSubscriberOne />
+        <ParamsSubscriberTwo />
+        <ContextSubscriberOne />
+        <ContextSubscriberTwo />
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/l/$a')({
+  params: {
+    parse: (params) => ({ ...params, a: normalizeParam(params.a) }),
+    stringify: (params) => ({ ...params, a: String(params.a) }),
+  },
+  beforeLoad: ({ params }) => ({ ctxA: smallHash(params.a) }),
+  component: LevelA,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7786fc3da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "vue",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..59a4af48ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/nested-params/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'vue',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    vue(),
+    vueJsx(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav nested-params (vue)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f095228746
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-preload-react",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/preload/react/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5409df903c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, scenarioSteps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'React',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps: scenarioSteps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c869ebdcfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-preload', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-preload interaction loop (react)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6f8942c118
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+    defaultPreload: 'intent',
+    defaultPreloadDelay: 0,
+    defaultPreloadStaleTime: 0,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const reactRoot = createRoot(container)
+  reactRoot.render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      reactRoot.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c76e85974
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as DocsRouteImport } from './routes/docs'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as SectionsSectionRouteImport } from './routes/sections.$section'
+
+const DocsRoute = DocsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/docs',
+  path: '/docs',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SectionsSectionRoute = SectionsSectionRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sections/$section',
+  path: '/sections/$section',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRoute
+  '/sections/$section': typeof SectionsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRoute
+  '/sections/$section': typeof SectionsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRoute
+  '/sections/$section': typeof SectionsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/docs' | '/sections/$section'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/docs' | '/sections/$section'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/docs' | '/sections/$section'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  DocsRoute: typeof DocsRoute
+  SectionsSectionRoute: typeof SectionsSectionRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/docs': {
+      id: '/docs'
+      path: '/docs'
+      fullPath: '/docs'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof DocsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sections/$section': {
+      id: '/sections/$section'
+      path: '/sections/$section'
+      fullPath: '/sections/$section'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SectionsSectionRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  DocsRoute: DocsRoute,
+  SectionsSectionRoute: SectionsSectionRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b659fe4d26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { sections } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        {sections.map((section) => (
+          <Link
+            key={section}
+            to="/sections/$section"
+            params={{ section }}
+            data-testid={`s-${section}`}
+          >
+            {`Section ${section}`}
+          </Link>
+        ))}
+        <Link to="/docs" data-testid="go-docs">
+          Docs
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routes/docs.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routes/docs.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f87530bac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routes/docs.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { docsMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/docs')({
+  component: DocsPage,
+})
+
+function DocsPage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <p data-testid="page-state">{docsMarker}</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b8c83ebab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { homeMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <p data-testid="page-state">{homeMarker}</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routes/sections.$section.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routes/sections.$section.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..42962b8be7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/src/routes/sections.$section.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { sectionItems } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sections/$section')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => {
+    const items = sectionItems(params.section)
+    const checksum = items.reduce(
+      (sum, item) => (sum + item.value) % 1_000_000_007,
+      0,
+    )
+    return { items, checksum }
+  },
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  component: SectionPage,
+})
+
+function SectionPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+  const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <p data-testid="page-state">{`${params.section}:${data.checksum}`}</p>
+      <ul>
+        {data.items.map((item) => (
+          <li key={item.name}>{`${item.name}=${item.value}`}</li>
+        ))}
+      </ul>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d59cbb450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff51686959
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'react',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    react(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav preload (react)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/shared.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/shared.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d061f99451
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/shared.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+/**
+ * Shared definition of the `preload` scenario: intent preloading via link
+ * hover, programmatic `router.preloadRoute`, and commit-time preload-cache
+ * maintenance. The router is configured with `defaultPreload: 'intent'`,
+ * `defaultPreloadDelay: 0` (no wall-clock debounce timer) and
+ * `defaultPreloadStaleTime: 0` — the default 30s wall-clock threshold would
+ * flip cache-hit behavior mid-run; with 0 every hover re-runs the preload
+ * work, keeping the loop stationary.
+ *
+ * Hover-intent preloading was verified manually per adapter (standalone jsdom
+ * run inspecting the router's cached matches after dispatching `mouseover` on
+ * a link). The harness hover step dispatches a single `mouseover`, which
+ * triggers the preload pipeline exactly once in every adapter: React
+ * synthesizes mouseEnter from it, Solid/Vue attach a native `mouseover`
+ * handler. (Solid/Vue also listen to `mouseenter`; dispatching both events
+ * would preload twice for them but once for React.)
+ */
+import type { ScenarioStep } from '../harness'
+
+export const sections = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'] as const
+
+export const SECTION_ITEM_COUNT = 30
+
+/** Deterministic LCG stream seeded from a string — no Math.random. */
+function seededValues(seedText: string, count: number) {
+  let value = 0
+  for (let i = 0; i < seedText.length; i++) {
+    value = (value * 31 + seedText.charCodeAt(i)) >>> 0
+  }
+
+  const values: Array<number> = []
+  for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+    value = (value * 1664525 + 1013904223) >>> 0
+    values.push(value % 100_000)
+  }
+  return values
+}
+
+export interface SectionItem {
+  name: string
+  value: number
+}
+
+export function sectionItems(section: string): Array<SectionItem> {
+  return seededValues(`section-${section}`, SECTION_ITEM_COUNT).map(
+    (value, index) => ({
+      name: `item-${section}-${index}`,
+      value,
+    }),
+  )
+}
+
+export function sectionChecksum(section: string) {
+  return sectionItems(section).reduce(
+    (sum, item) => (sum + item.value) % 1_000_000_007,
+    0,
+  )
+}
+
+export function sectionMarker(section: string) {
+  return `${section}:${sectionChecksum(section)}`
+}
+
+export const docsMarker = 'docs'
+export const homeMarker = 'home'
+
+interface StepDef {
+  step: ScenarioStep
+  /** Expected page marker after the step; undefined for non-navigation steps. */
+  marker?: string
+}
+
+export const stepDefs: ReadonlyArray<StepDef> = [
+  { step: { type: 'hover', testId: 's-a' } },
+  { step: { type: 'hover', testId: 's-b' } },
+  { step: 's-a', marker: sectionMarker('a') },
+  { step: { type: 'hover', testId: 's-c' } },
+  { step: 's-c', marker: sectionMarker('c') },
+  {
+    step: {
+      type: 'preload',
+      getOptions: () => ({
+        to: '/sections/$section',
+        params: { section: 'd' },
+      }),
+    },
+  },
+  { step: 's-d', marker: sectionMarker('d') },
+  { step: { type: 'hover', testId: 's-e' } },
+  { step: 'go-docs', marker: docsMarker },
+  { step: 'go-home', marker: homeMarker },
+]
+
+export const scenarioSteps: ReadonlyArray<ScenarioStep> = stepDefs.map(
+  (def) => def.step,
+)
+
+export function assertStepResult(stepIndex: number, container: HTMLElement) {
+  const def = stepDefs[stepIndex]!
+  if (!def.marker) {
+    return
+  }
+
+  const marker = container.querySelector('[data-testid="page-state"]')
+  if (marker?.textContent !== def.marker) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected page marker "${def.marker}" after step ${stepIndex}, received "${marker?.textContent}"`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+// Two laps through the 10-step sequence per benchmark iteration.
+export const ticksPerIteration = 20
+
+export const benchOptions = {
+  warmupIterations: 50,
+  time: 10_000,
+  throws: true,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a186879335
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-preload-solid",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/preload/solid/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..34270fe8a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, scenarioSteps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Solid',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps: scenarioSteps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff2771985b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-preload', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-preload interaction loop (solid)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72e414c0a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { render } from 'solid-js/web'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+    defaultPreload: 'intent',
+    defaultPreloadDelay: 0,
+    defaultPreloadStaleTime: 0,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const unmount = render(() => <RouterProvider router={router} />, container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..645d925238
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as DocsRouteImport } from './routes/docs'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as SectionsSectionRouteImport } from './routes/sections.$section'
+
+const DocsRoute = DocsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/docs',
+  path: '/docs',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SectionsSectionRoute = SectionsSectionRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sections/$section',
+  path: '/sections/$section',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRoute
+  '/sections/$section': typeof SectionsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRoute
+  '/sections/$section': typeof SectionsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRoute
+  '/sections/$section': typeof SectionsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/docs' | '/sections/$section'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/docs' | '/sections/$section'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/docs' | '/sections/$section'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  DocsRoute: typeof DocsRoute
+  SectionsSectionRoute: typeof SectionsSectionRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/docs': {
+      id: '/docs'
+      path: '/docs'
+      fullPath: '/docs'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof DocsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sections/$section': {
+      id: '/sections/$section'
+      path: '/sections/$section'
+      fullPath: '/sections/$section'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SectionsSectionRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  DocsRoute: DocsRoute,
+  SectionsSectionRoute: SectionsSectionRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a805ed0feb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { For } from 'solid-js'
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { sections } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <For each={sections}>
+          {(section) => (
+            <Link
+              to="/sections/$section"
+              params={{ section }}
+              data-testid={`s-${section}`}
+            >
+              {`Section ${section}`}
+            </Link>
+          )}
+        </For>
+        <Link to="/docs" data-testid="go-docs">
+          Docs
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routes/docs.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routes/docs.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b077cfd18f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routes/docs.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { docsMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/docs')({
+  component: DocsPage,
+})
+
+function DocsPage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <p data-testid="page-state">{docsMarker}</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72fbfe387a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { homeMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <p data-testid="page-state">{homeMarker}</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routes/sections.$section.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routes/sections.$section.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a7fb2ad1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/src/routes/sections.$section.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import { For } from 'solid-js'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { sectionItems } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sections/$section')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => {
+    const items = sectionItems(params.section)
+    const checksum = items.reduce(
+      (sum, item) => (sum + item.value) % 1_000_000_007,
+      0,
+    )
+    return { items, checksum }
+  },
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  component: SectionPage,
+})
+
+function SectionPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+  const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <p data-testid="page-state">{`${params().section}:${data().checksum}`}</p>
+      <ul>
+        <For each={data().items}>
+          {(item) => <li>{`${item.name}=${item.value}`}</li>}
+        </For>
+      </ul>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98d76ad6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "solid-js",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b542834469
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'solid',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    solid({ hot: false, dev: false }),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['solid', 'browser'],
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav preload (solid)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+    server: {
+      deps: {
+        inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..404476723d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-preload-vue",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/preload/vue/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f70a154909
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, scenarioSteps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Vue',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps: scenarioSteps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2e790e9240
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-preload', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-preload interaction loop (vue)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e325392a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+    defaultPreload: 'intent',
+    defaultPreloadDelay: 0,
+    defaultPreloadStaleTime: 0,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const component = <RouterProvider router={router} />
+  const app = Vue.createApp({
+    render: () => component,
+  })
+
+  app.mount(container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      app.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..05a751060b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as DocsRouteImport } from './routes/docs'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as SectionsSectionRouteImport } from './routes/sections.$section'
+
+const DocsRoute = DocsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/docs',
+  path: '/docs',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SectionsSectionRoute = SectionsSectionRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sections/$section',
+  path: '/sections/$section',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRoute
+  '/sections/$section': typeof SectionsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRoute
+  '/sections/$section': typeof SectionsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/docs': typeof DocsRoute
+  '/sections/$section': typeof SectionsSectionRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/docs' | '/sections/$section'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/docs' | '/sections/$section'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/docs' | '/sections/$section'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  DocsRoute: typeof DocsRoute
+  SectionsSectionRoute: typeof SectionsSectionRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/docs': {
+      id: '/docs'
+      path: '/docs'
+      fullPath: '/docs'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof DocsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sections/$section': {
+      id: '/sections/$section'
+      path: '/sections/$section'
+      fullPath: '/sections/$section'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SectionsSectionRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  DocsRoute: DocsRoute,
+  SectionsSectionRoute: SectionsSectionRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bf91ba3770
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { sections } from '../../../shared'
+
+const RootComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <nav>
+          <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+            Home
+          </Link>
+          {sections.map((section) => (
+            <Link
+              key={section}
+              to="/sections/$section"
+              params={{ section }}
+              data-testid={`s-${section}`}
+            >
+              {`Section ${section}`}
+            </Link>
+          ))}
+          <Link to="/docs" data-testid="go-docs">
+            Docs
+          </Link>
+        </nav>
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routes/docs.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routes/docs.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..07d0a989ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routes/docs.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { docsMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+const DocsPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <p data-testid="page-state">{docsMarker}</p>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/docs')({
+  component: DocsPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f04a9f5796
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { homeMarker } from '../../../shared'
+
+const HomePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <p data-testid="page-state">{homeMarker}</p>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routes/sections.$section.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routes/sections.$section.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aeb617a86f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/src/routes/sections.$section.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { sectionItems } from '../../../shared'
+
+const SectionPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+    const data = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <p data-testid="page-state">
+          {`${params.value.section}:${data.value.checksum}`}
+        </p>
+        <ul>
+          {data.value.items.map((item) => (
+            <li key={item.name}>{`${item.name}=${item.value}`}</li>
+          ))}
+        </ul>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sections/$section')({
+  loader: ({ params }) => {
+    const items = sectionItems(params.section)
+    const checksum = items.reduce(
+      (sum, item) => (sum + item.value) % 1_000_000_007,
+      0,
+    )
+    return { items, checksum }
+  },
+  staleTime: 0,
+  gcTime: 0,
+  component: SectionPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7786fc3da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "vue",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25e64b5bef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/preload/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'vue',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    vue(),
+    vueJsx(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav preload (vue)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d98c6e1412
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-rewrites-react",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/rewrites/react/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c5df273ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, initialUrl, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'React',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+    initialUrl,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b77a79838
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-rewrites', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-rewrites navigation loop (react)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47746bb0fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+import { basepath, localeRewrite } from '../../shared'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    basepath,
+    rewrite: localeRewrite,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const reactRoot = createRoot(container)
+  reactRoot.render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      reactRoot.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b6ab8c8be4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as PARouteImport } from './routes/p.$a'
+import { Route as PABRouteImport } from './routes/p.$a.$b'
+
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const PARoute = PARouteImport.update({
+  id: '/p/$a',
+  path: '/p/$a',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const PABRoute = PABRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$b',
+  path: '/$b',
+  getParentRoute: () => PARoute,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/p/$a': typeof PARouteWithChildren
+  '/p/$a/$b': typeof PABRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/p/$a': typeof PARouteWithChildren
+  '/p/$a/$b': typeof PABRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/p/$a': typeof PARouteWithChildren
+  '/p/$a/$b': typeof PABRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/p/$a' | '/p/$a/$b'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/p/$a' | '/p/$a/$b'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/p/$a' | '/p/$a/$b'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  PARoute: typeof PARouteWithChildren
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/p/$a': {
+      id: '/p/$a'
+      path: '/p/$a'
+      fullPath: '/p/$a'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof PARouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/p/$a/$b': {
+      id: '/p/$a/$b'
+      path: '/$b'
+      fullPath: '/p/$a/$b'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof PABRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof PARoute
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface PARouteChildren {
+  PABRoute: typeof PABRoute
+}
+
+const PARouteChildren: PARouteChildren = {
+  PABRoute: PABRoute,
+}
+
+const PARouteWithChildren = PARoute._addFileChildren(PARouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  PARoute: PARouteWithChildren,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad14ff51f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useLocation,
+} from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import type { SearchSchemaInput } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown> & SearchSchemaInput) =>
+    ({
+      _locale: typeof search._locale === 'string' ? search._locale : undefined,
+    }) as { _locale?: string },
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  const pathname = useLocation({ select: (location) => location.pathname })
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <span data-testid="loc">{pathname}</span>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/p/$a" params={{ a: 'x' }} data-testid="go-x">
+          Section x
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/p/$a/$b"
+          params={{ a: 'x', b: '1' }}
+          search={{ _locale: 'fr' }}
+          data-testid="go-x-1-fr"
+        >
+          Item x/1 (fr)
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/p/$a"
+          params={{ a: 'y' }}
+          search={{ _locale: 'de' }}
+          data-testid="go-y-de"
+        >
+          Section y (de)
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/p/$a/$b" params={{ a: 'y', b: '2' }} data-testid="go-y-2">
+          Item y/2
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/p/$a"
+          params={{ a: 'x' }}
+          search={{ _locale: 'es' }}
+          data-testid="go-x-es"
+        >
+          Section x (es)
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..821cfe4a7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1>Home</h1>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routes/p.$a.$b.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routes/p.$a.$b.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ec1163e5c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routes/p.$a.$b.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { itemLabel } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/p/$a/$b')({
+  component: ItemPage,
+})
+
+function ItemPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <article>
+      <h2>{itemLabel(params.a, params.b)}</h2>
+    </article>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routes/p.$a.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routes/p.$a.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4937494f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/src/routes/p.$a.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { sectionLabel } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/p/$a')({
+  component: SectionPage,
+})
+
+function SectionPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <h1>{sectionLabel(params.a)}</h1>
+      <Outlet />
+    </section>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d59cbb450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8c07cff4fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'react',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    react(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav rewrites (react)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/shared.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/shared.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c45b15d503
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/shared.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/**
+ * Shared definition of the `rewrites` scenario: composed client-side location
+ * rewrites — router `basepath` plus a locale input/output rewrite (the client
+ * analog of the SSR `rewrites` scenario). Externally URLs look like
+ * `/app/{locale}/p/...`; internally the router sees `/p/...` with the locale
+ * carried in the `_locale` search param. Every navigation runs the composed
+ * output rewrite when building hrefs/committing and the input rewrite when
+ * parsing the committed location.
+ */
+import type { ScenarioStep } from '../harness'
+
+export const basepath = '/app'
+export const defaultLocale = 'en'
+
+const localePrefixRe = /^\/(fr|de|es)(\/.*)$/
+
+// Framework-agnostic rewrite pair consumed by all three apps' createRouter.
+export const localeRewrite = {
+  input: ({ url }: { url: URL }) => {
+    const match = url.pathname.match(localePrefixRe)
+
+    if (match) {
+      url.pathname = match[2]!
+      url.searchParams.set('_locale', match[1]!)
+      return url
+    }
+
+    return undefined
+  },
+  output: ({ url }: { url: URL }) => {
+    const locale = url.searchParams.get('_locale')
+
+    if (locale) {
+      url.searchParams.delete('_locale')
+      url.pathname = `/${locale}${url.pathname}`
+    }
+
+    return url
+  },
+}
+
+export function sectionLabel(a: string) {
+  return `Section ${a}`
+}
+
+export function itemLabel(a: string, b: string) {
+  return `Item ${a}/${b}`
+}
+
+interface StepDef {
+  testId: string
+  /** Internal router pathname expected after the step. */
+  routerPath: string
+  /** External window.location pathname expected after the step. */
+  windowPath: string
+}
+
+// Circular lap: alternates sections, depths, and locales so every step runs
+// the composed rewrites in both directions, then returns to the start.
+export const stepDefs: ReadonlyArray<StepDef> = [
+  { testId: 'go-x', routerPath: '/p/x', windowPath: '/app/p/x' },
+  { testId: 'go-x-1-fr', routerPath: '/p/x/1', windowPath: '/app/fr/p/x/1' },
+  { testId: 'go-y-de', routerPath: '/p/y', windowPath: '/app/de/p/y' },
+  { testId: 'go-y-2', routerPath: '/p/y/2', windowPath: '/app/p/y/2' },
+  { testId: 'go-x-es', routerPath: '/p/x', windowPath: '/app/es/p/x' },
+  { testId: 'go-home', routerPath: '/', windowPath: '/app/' },
+] as const
+
+export const steps: ReadonlyArray<ScenarioStep> = stepDefs.map(
+  (step) => step.testId,
+)
+
+export function assertStepResult(stepIndex: number, container: HTMLElement) {
+  const expected = stepDefs[stepIndex]!
+  const marker = container.querySelector('[data-testid="loc"]')
+  const routerPath = marker?.textContent
+
+  if (routerPath !== expected.routerPath) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected router pathname "${expected.routerPath}" after step ${stepIndex}, received "${routerPath}"`,
+    )
+  }
+
+  if (window.location.pathname !== expected.windowPath) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected window pathname "${expected.windowPath}" after step ${stepIndex}, received "${window.location.pathname}"`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+// The app starts on the external root inside the basepath.
+export const initialUrl = '/app'
+
+// Three laps through the 6-step sequence per benchmark iteration.
+export const ticksPerIteration = 18
+
+export const benchOptions = {
+  warmupIterations: 100,
+  time: 10_000,
+  throws: true,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4b2f763032
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-rewrites-solid",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/rewrites/solid/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5796df712d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, initialUrl, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Solid',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+    initialUrl,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30d3436071
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-rewrites', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-rewrites navigation loop (solid)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a80de580fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { render } from 'solid-js/web'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+import { basepath, localeRewrite } from '../../shared'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    basepath,
+    rewrite: localeRewrite,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const unmount = render(() => <RouterProvider router={router} />, container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2d35f899c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as PARouteImport } from './routes/p.$a'
+import { Route as PABRouteImport } from './routes/p.$a.$b'
+
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const PARoute = PARouteImport.update({
+  id: '/p/$a',
+  path: '/p/$a',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const PABRoute = PABRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$b',
+  path: '/$b',
+  getParentRoute: () => PARoute,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/p/$a': typeof PARouteWithChildren
+  '/p/$a/$b': typeof PABRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/p/$a': typeof PARouteWithChildren
+  '/p/$a/$b': typeof PABRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/p/$a': typeof PARouteWithChildren
+  '/p/$a/$b': typeof PABRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/p/$a' | '/p/$a/$b'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/p/$a' | '/p/$a/$b'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/p/$a' | '/p/$a/$b'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  PARoute: typeof PARouteWithChildren
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/p/$a': {
+      id: '/p/$a'
+      path: '/p/$a'
+      fullPath: '/p/$a'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof PARouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/p/$a/$b': {
+      id: '/p/$a/$b'
+      path: '/$b'
+      fullPath: '/p/$a/$b'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof PABRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof PARoute
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface PARouteChildren {
+  PABRoute: typeof PABRoute
+}
+
+const PARouteChildren: PARouteChildren = {
+  PABRoute: PABRoute,
+}
+
+const PARouteWithChildren = PARoute._addFileChildren(PARouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  PARoute: PARouteWithChildren,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3a78f2c3cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useLocation,
+} from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import type { SearchSchemaInput } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown> & SearchSchemaInput) =>
+    ({
+      _locale: typeof search._locale === 'string' ? search._locale : undefined,
+    }) as { _locale?: string },
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  const pathname = useLocation({ select: (location) => location.pathname })
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <span data-testid="loc">{pathname()}</span>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/p/$a" params={{ a: 'x' }} data-testid="go-x">
+          Section x
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/p/$a/$b"
+          params={{ a: 'x', b: '1' }}
+          search={{ _locale: 'fr' }}
+          data-testid="go-x-1-fr"
+        >
+          Item x/1 (fr)
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/p/$a"
+          params={{ a: 'y' }}
+          search={{ _locale: 'de' }}
+          data-testid="go-y-de"
+        >
+          Section y (de)
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/p/$a/$b" params={{ a: 'y', b: '2' }} data-testid="go-y-2">
+          Item y/2
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/p/$a"
+          params={{ a: 'x' }}
+          search={{ _locale: 'es' }}
+          data-testid="go-x-es"
+        >
+          Section x (es)
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5ee381ff05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1>Home</h1>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routes/p.$a.$b.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routes/p.$a.$b.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..febcad35e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routes/p.$a.$b.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { itemLabel } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/p/$a/$b')({
+  component: ItemPage,
+})
+
+function ItemPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <article>
+      <h2>{itemLabel(params().a, params().b)}</h2>
+    </article>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routes/p.$a.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routes/p.$a.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..adfb7bc3b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/src/routes/p.$a.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { sectionLabel } from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/p/$a')({
+  component: SectionPage,
+})
+
+function SectionPage() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <h1>{sectionLabel(params().a)}</h1>
+      <Outlet />
+    </section>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98d76ad6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "solid-js",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..41613c2ad4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'solid',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    solid({ hot: false, dev: false }),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['solid', 'browser'],
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav rewrites (solid)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+    server: {
+      deps: {
+        inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b7cb5d198
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-rewrites-vue",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/rewrites/vue/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e26b4d05ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, initialUrl, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Vue',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+    initialUrl,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c10b8723bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-rewrites', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-rewrites navigation loop (vue)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..83e430038d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+import { basepath, localeRewrite } from '../../shared'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    basepath,
+    rewrite: localeRewrite,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const component = <RouterProvider router={router} />
+  const app = Vue.createApp({
+    render: () => component,
+  })
+
+  app.mount(container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      app.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6eca4e8ce5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as PARouteImport } from './routes/p.$a'
+import { Route as PABRouteImport } from './routes/p.$a.$b'
+
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const PARoute = PARouteImport.update({
+  id: '/p/$a',
+  path: '/p/$a',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const PABRoute = PABRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$b',
+  path: '/$b',
+  getParentRoute: () => PARoute,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/p/$a': typeof PARouteWithChildren
+  '/p/$a/$b': typeof PABRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/p/$a': typeof PARouteWithChildren
+  '/p/$a/$b': typeof PABRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/p/$a': typeof PARouteWithChildren
+  '/p/$a/$b': typeof PABRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/p/$a' | '/p/$a/$b'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/p/$a' | '/p/$a/$b'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/p/$a' | '/p/$a/$b'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  PARoute: typeof PARouteWithChildren
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/p/$a': {
+      id: '/p/$a'
+      path: '/p/$a'
+      fullPath: '/p/$a'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof PARouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/p/$a/$b': {
+      id: '/p/$a/$b'
+      path: '/$b'
+      fullPath: '/p/$a/$b'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof PABRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof PARoute
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface PARouteChildren {
+  PABRoute: typeof PABRoute
+}
+
+const PARouteChildren: PARouteChildren = {
+  PABRoute: PABRoute,
+}
+
+const PARouteWithChildren = PARoute._addFileChildren(PARouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  PARoute: PARouteWithChildren,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae89645005
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useLocation,
+} from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import type { SearchSchemaInput } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const RootComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const pathname = useLocation({ select: (location) => location.pathname })
+
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <nav>
+          <span data-testid="loc">{pathname.value}</span>
+          <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+            Home
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/p/$a" params={{ a: 'x' }} data-testid="go-x">
+            Section x
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/p/$a/$b"
+            params={{ a: 'x', b: '1' }}
+            search={{ _locale: 'fr' }}
+            data-testid="go-x-1-fr"
+          >
+            Item x/1 (fr)
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/p/$a"
+            params={{ a: 'y' }}
+            search={{ _locale: 'de' }}
+            data-testid="go-y-de"
+          >
+            Section y (de)
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/p/$a/$b" params={{ a: 'y', b: '2' }} data-testid="go-y-2">
+            Item y/2
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/p/$a"
+            params={{ a: 'x' }}
+            search={{ _locale: 'es' }}
+            data-testid="go-x-es"
+          >
+            Section x (es)
+          </Link>
+        </nav>
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown> & SearchSchemaInput) =>
+    ({
+      _locale: typeof search._locale === 'string' ? search._locale : undefined,
+    }) as { _locale?: string },
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5405b52d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const HomePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <h1>Home</h1>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routes/p.$a.$b.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routes/p.$a.$b.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..062c0903b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routes/p.$a.$b.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { itemLabel } from '../../../shared'
+
+const ItemPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <article>
+        <h2>{itemLabel(params.value.a, params.value.b)}</h2>
+      </article>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/p/$a/$b')({
+  component: ItemPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routes/p.$a.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routes/p.$a.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..552700d402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/src/routes/p.$a.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { sectionLabel } from '../../../shared'
+
+const SectionPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <section>
+        <h1>{sectionLabel(params.value.a)}</h1>
+        <Outlet />
+      </section>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/p/$a')({
+  component: SectionPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7786fc3da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "vue",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..39e22b6c3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/rewrites/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'vue',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    vue(),
+    vueJsx(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav rewrites (vue)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3291738f79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-route-tree-scale-react",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..130583b190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'React',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..50cc26d5d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-route-tree-scale', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-route-tree-scale navigation loop (react)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef0b99555c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const reactRoot = createRoot(container)
+  reactRoot.render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      reactRoot.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b58b75180f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,881 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as SecFRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f'
+import { Route as SecERouteImport } from './routes/sec-e'
+import { Route as SecDRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d'
+import { Route as SecCRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c'
+import { Route as SecBRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b'
+import { Route as SecARouteImport } from './routes/sec-a'
+import { Route as LayoutRouteImport } from './routes/_layout'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as SecFIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f.index'
+import { Route as SecEIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-e.index'
+import { Route as SecDIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d.index'
+import { Route as SecCIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c.index'
+import { Route as SecBIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b.index'
+import { Route as SecAIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-a.index'
+import { Route as SecFSettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f.settings'
+import { Route as SecFAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f.about'
+import { Route as SecFIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f.$id'
+import { Route as SecESettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-e.settings'
+import { Route as SecEAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-e.about'
+import { Route as SecEIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-e.$id'
+import { Route as SecDSettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d.settings'
+import { Route as SecDAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d.about'
+import { Route as SecDIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d.$id'
+import { Route as SecCSettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c.settings'
+import { Route as SecCAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c.about'
+import { Route as SecCIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c.$id'
+import { Route as SecBSettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b.settings'
+import { Route as SecBAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b.about'
+import { Route as SecBIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b.$id'
+import { Route as SecASettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-a.settings'
+import { Route as SecAAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-a.about'
+import { Route as SecAIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-a.$id'
+import { Route as ReleaseVChar123versionChar125RouteImport } from './routes/release.v{$version}'
+import { Route as FilesSplatRouteImport } from './routes/files.$'
+import { Route as LayoutBetaRouteImport } from './routes/_layout.beta'
+import { Route as LayoutAlphaRouteImport } from './routes/_layout.alpha'
+import { Route as marketingPromoRouteImport } from './routes/(marketing)/promo'
+import { Route as marketingPricingRouteImport } from './routes/(marketing)/pricing'
+
+const SecFRoute = SecFRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-f',
+  path: '/sec-f',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecERoute = SecERouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-e',
+  path: '/sec-e',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecDRoute = SecDRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-d',
+  path: '/sec-d',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecCRoute = SecCRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-c',
+  path: '/sec-c',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecBRoute = SecBRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-b',
+  path: '/sec-b',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecARoute = SecARouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-a',
+  path: '/sec-a',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const LayoutRoute = LayoutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/_layout',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecFIndexRoute = SecFIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecFRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecEIndexRoute = SecEIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecERoute,
+} as any)
+const SecDIndexRoute = SecDIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecDRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecCIndexRoute = SecCIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecCRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecBIndexRoute = SecBIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecBRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecAIndexRoute = SecAIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecARoute,
+} as any)
+const SecFSettingsRoute = SecFSettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecFRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecFAboutRoute = SecFAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecFRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecFIdRoute = SecFIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecFRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecESettingsRoute = SecESettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecERoute,
+} as any)
+const SecEAboutRoute = SecEAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecERoute,
+} as any)
+const SecEIdRoute = SecEIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecERoute,
+} as any)
+const SecDSettingsRoute = SecDSettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecDRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecDAboutRoute = SecDAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecDRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecDIdRoute = SecDIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecDRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecCSettingsRoute = SecCSettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecCRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecCAboutRoute = SecCAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecCRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecCIdRoute = SecCIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecCRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecBSettingsRoute = SecBSettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecBRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecBAboutRoute = SecBAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecBRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecBIdRoute = SecBIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecBRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecASettingsRoute = SecASettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecARoute,
+} as any)
+const SecAAboutRoute = SecAAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecARoute,
+} as any)
+const SecAIdRoute = SecAIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecARoute,
+} as any)
+const ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route =
+  ReleaseVChar123versionChar125RouteImport.update({
+    id: '/release/v{$version}',
+    path: '/release/v{$version}',
+    getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+  } as any)
+const FilesSplatRoute = FilesSplatRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/files/$',
+  path: '/files/$',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const LayoutBetaRoute = LayoutBetaRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/beta',
+  path: '/beta',
+  getParentRoute: () => LayoutRoute,
+} as any)
+const LayoutAlphaRoute = LayoutAlphaRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/alpha',
+  path: '/alpha',
+  getParentRoute: () => LayoutRoute,
+} as any)
+const marketingPromoRoute = marketingPromoRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/(marketing)/promo',
+  path: '/promo',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const marketingPricingRoute = marketingPricingRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/(marketing)/pricing',
+  path: '/pricing',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/sec-a': typeof SecARouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-b': typeof SecBRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-c': typeof SecCRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-d': typeof SecDRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-e': typeof SecERouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-f': typeof SecFRouteWithChildren
+  '/pricing': typeof marketingPricingRoute
+  '/promo': typeof marketingPromoRoute
+  '/alpha': typeof LayoutAlphaRoute
+  '/beta': typeof LayoutBetaRoute
+  '/files/$': typeof FilesSplatRoute
+  '/release/v{$version}': typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route
+  '/sec-a/$id': typeof SecAIdRoute
+  '/sec-a/about': typeof SecAAboutRoute
+  '/sec-a/settings': typeof SecASettingsRoute
+  '/sec-b/$id': typeof SecBIdRoute
+  '/sec-b/about': typeof SecBAboutRoute
+  '/sec-b/settings': typeof SecBSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-c/$id': typeof SecCIdRoute
+  '/sec-c/about': typeof SecCAboutRoute
+  '/sec-c/settings': typeof SecCSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-d/$id': typeof SecDIdRoute
+  '/sec-d/about': typeof SecDAboutRoute
+  '/sec-d/settings': typeof SecDSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-e/$id': typeof SecEIdRoute
+  '/sec-e/about': typeof SecEAboutRoute
+  '/sec-e/settings': typeof SecESettingsRoute
+  '/sec-f/$id': typeof SecFIdRoute
+  '/sec-f/about': typeof SecFAboutRoute
+  '/sec-f/settings': typeof SecFSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-a/': typeof SecAIndexRoute
+  '/sec-b/': typeof SecBIndexRoute
+  '/sec-c/': typeof SecCIndexRoute
+  '/sec-d/': typeof SecDIndexRoute
+  '/sec-e/': typeof SecEIndexRoute
+  '/sec-f/': typeof SecFIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/pricing': typeof marketingPricingRoute
+  '/promo': typeof marketingPromoRoute
+  '/alpha': typeof LayoutAlphaRoute
+  '/beta': typeof LayoutBetaRoute
+  '/files/$': typeof FilesSplatRoute
+  '/release/v{$version}': typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route
+  '/sec-a/$id': typeof SecAIdRoute
+  '/sec-a/about': typeof SecAAboutRoute
+  '/sec-a/settings': typeof SecASettingsRoute
+  '/sec-b/$id': typeof SecBIdRoute
+  '/sec-b/about': typeof SecBAboutRoute
+  '/sec-b/settings': typeof SecBSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-c/$id': typeof SecCIdRoute
+  '/sec-c/about': typeof SecCAboutRoute
+  '/sec-c/settings': typeof SecCSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-d/$id': typeof SecDIdRoute
+  '/sec-d/about': typeof SecDAboutRoute
+  '/sec-d/settings': typeof SecDSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-e/$id': typeof SecEIdRoute
+  '/sec-e/about': typeof SecEAboutRoute
+  '/sec-e/settings': typeof SecESettingsRoute
+  '/sec-f/$id': typeof SecFIdRoute
+  '/sec-f/about': typeof SecFAboutRoute
+  '/sec-f/settings': typeof SecFSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-a': typeof SecAIndexRoute
+  '/sec-b': typeof SecBIndexRoute
+  '/sec-c': typeof SecCIndexRoute
+  '/sec-d': typeof SecDIndexRoute
+  '/sec-e': typeof SecEIndexRoute
+  '/sec-f': typeof SecFIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/_layout': typeof LayoutRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-a': typeof SecARouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-b': typeof SecBRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-c': typeof SecCRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-d': typeof SecDRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-e': typeof SecERouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-f': typeof SecFRouteWithChildren
+  '/(marketing)/pricing': typeof marketingPricingRoute
+  '/(marketing)/promo': typeof marketingPromoRoute
+  '/_layout/alpha': typeof LayoutAlphaRoute
+  '/_layout/beta': typeof LayoutBetaRoute
+  '/files/$': typeof FilesSplatRoute
+  '/release/v{$version}': typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route
+  '/sec-a/$id': typeof SecAIdRoute
+  '/sec-a/about': typeof SecAAboutRoute
+  '/sec-a/settings': typeof SecASettingsRoute
+  '/sec-b/$id': typeof SecBIdRoute
+  '/sec-b/about': typeof SecBAboutRoute
+  '/sec-b/settings': typeof SecBSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-c/$id': typeof SecCIdRoute
+  '/sec-c/about': typeof SecCAboutRoute
+  '/sec-c/settings': typeof SecCSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-d/$id': typeof SecDIdRoute
+  '/sec-d/about': typeof SecDAboutRoute
+  '/sec-d/settings': typeof SecDSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-e/$id': typeof SecEIdRoute
+  '/sec-e/about': typeof SecEAboutRoute
+  '/sec-e/settings': typeof SecESettingsRoute
+  '/sec-f/$id': typeof SecFIdRoute
+  '/sec-f/about': typeof SecFAboutRoute
+  '/sec-f/settings': typeof SecFSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-a/': typeof SecAIndexRoute
+  '/sec-b/': typeof SecBIndexRoute
+  '/sec-c/': typeof SecCIndexRoute
+  '/sec-d/': typeof SecDIndexRoute
+  '/sec-e/': typeof SecEIndexRoute
+  '/sec-f/': typeof SecFIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths:
+    | '/'
+    | '/sec-a'
+    | '/sec-b'
+    | '/sec-c'
+    | '/sec-d'
+    | '/sec-e'
+    | '/sec-f'
+    | '/pricing'
+    | '/promo'
+    | '/alpha'
+    | '/beta'
+    | '/files/$'
+    | '/release/v{$version}'
+    | '/sec-a/$id'
+    | '/sec-a/about'
+    | '/sec-a/settings'
+    | '/sec-b/$id'
+    | '/sec-b/about'
+    | '/sec-b/settings'
+    | '/sec-c/$id'
+    | '/sec-c/about'
+    | '/sec-c/settings'
+    | '/sec-d/$id'
+    | '/sec-d/about'
+    | '/sec-d/settings'
+    | '/sec-e/$id'
+    | '/sec-e/about'
+    | '/sec-e/settings'
+    | '/sec-f/$id'
+    | '/sec-f/about'
+    | '/sec-f/settings'
+    | '/sec-a/'
+    | '/sec-b/'
+    | '/sec-c/'
+    | '/sec-d/'
+    | '/sec-e/'
+    | '/sec-f/'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to:
+    | '/'
+    | '/pricing'
+    | '/promo'
+    | '/alpha'
+    | '/beta'
+    | '/files/$'
+    | '/release/v{$version}'
+    | '/sec-a/$id'
+    | '/sec-a/about'
+    | '/sec-a/settings'
+    | '/sec-b/$id'
+    | '/sec-b/about'
+    | '/sec-b/settings'
+    | '/sec-c/$id'
+    | '/sec-c/about'
+    | '/sec-c/settings'
+    | '/sec-d/$id'
+    | '/sec-d/about'
+    | '/sec-d/settings'
+    | '/sec-e/$id'
+    | '/sec-e/about'
+    | '/sec-e/settings'
+    | '/sec-f/$id'
+    | '/sec-f/about'
+    | '/sec-f/settings'
+    | '/sec-a'
+    | '/sec-b'
+    | '/sec-c'
+    | '/sec-d'
+    | '/sec-e'
+    | '/sec-f'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/_layout'
+    | '/sec-a'
+    | '/sec-b'
+    | '/sec-c'
+    | '/sec-d'
+    | '/sec-e'
+    | '/sec-f'
+    | '/(marketing)/pricing'
+    | '/(marketing)/promo'
+    | '/_layout/alpha'
+    | '/_layout/beta'
+    | '/files/$'
+    | '/release/v{$version}'
+    | '/sec-a/$id'
+    | '/sec-a/about'
+    | '/sec-a/settings'
+    | '/sec-b/$id'
+    | '/sec-b/about'
+    | '/sec-b/settings'
+    | '/sec-c/$id'
+    | '/sec-c/about'
+    | '/sec-c/settings'
+    | '/sec-d/$id'
+    | '/sec-d/about'
+    | '/sec-d/settings'
+    | '/sec-e/$id'
+    | '/sec-e/about'
+    | '/sec-e/settings'
+    | '/sec-f/$id'
+    | '/sec-f/about'
+    | '/sec-f/settings'
+    | '/sec-a/'
+    | '/sec-b/'
+    | '/sec-c/'
+    | '/sec-d/'
+    | '/sec-e/'
+    | '/sec-f/'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  LayoutRoute: typeof LayoutRouteWithChildren
+  SecARoute: typeof SecARouteWithChildren
+  SecBRoute: typeof SecBRouteWithChildren
+  SecCRoute: typeof SecCRouteWithChildren
+  SecDRoute: typeof SecDRouteWithChildren
+  SecERoute: typeof SecERouteWithChildren
+  SecFRoute: typeof SecFRouteWithChildren
+  marketingPricingRoute: typeof marketingPricingRoute
+  marketingPromoRoute: typeof marketingPromoRoute
+  FilesSplatRoute: typeof FilesSplatRoute
+  ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route: typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/sec-f': {
+      id: '/sec-f'
+      path: '/sec-f'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-e': {
+      id: '/sec-e'
+      path: '/sec-e'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecERouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-d': {
+      id: '/sec-d'
+      path: '/sec-d'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-c': {
+      id: '/sec-c'
+      path: '/sec-c'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-b': {
+      id: '/sec-b'
+      path: '/sec-b'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-a': {
+      id: '/sec-a'
+      path: '/sec-a'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecARouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/_layout': {
+      id: '/_layout'
+      path: ''
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LayoutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-f/': {
+      id: '/sec-f/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecFRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-e/': {
+      id: '/sec-e/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecEIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecERoute
+    }
+    '/sec-d/': {
+      id: '/sec-d/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecDRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-c/': {
+      id: '/sec-c/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecCRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-b/': {
+      id: '/sec-b/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecBRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-a/': {
+      id: '/sec-a/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecAIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecARoute
+    }
+    '/sec-f/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-f/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFSettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecFRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-f/about': {
+      id: '/sec-f/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecFRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-f/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-f/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecFRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-e/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-e/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecESettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecERoute
+    }
+    '/sec-e/about': {
+      id: '/sec-e/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecEAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecERoute
+    }
+    '/sec-e/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-e/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecEIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecERoute
+    }
+    '/sec-d/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-d/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDSettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecDRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-d/about': {
+      id: '/sec-d/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecDRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-d/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-d/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecDRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-c/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-c/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCSettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecCRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-c/about': {
+      id: '/sec-c/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecCRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-c/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-c/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecCRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-b/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-b/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBSettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecBRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-b/about': {
+      id: '/sec-b/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecBRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-b/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-b/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecBRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-a/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-a/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecASettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecARoute
+    }
+    '/sec-a/about': {
+      id: '/sec-a/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecAAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecARoute
+    }
+    '/sec-a/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-a/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecAIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecARoute
+    }
+    '/release/v{$version}': {
+      id: '/release/v{$version}'
+      path: '/release/v{$version}'
+      fullPath: '/release/v{$version}'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125RouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/files/$': {
+      id: '/files/$'
+      path: '/files/$'
+      fullPath: '/files/$'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof FilesSplatRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/_layout/beta': {
+      id: '/_layout/beta'
+      path: '/beta'
+      fullPath: '/beta'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LayoutBetaRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LayoutRoute
+    }
+    '/_layout/alpha': {
+      id: '/_layout/alpha'
+      path: '/alpha'
+      fullPath: '/alpha'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LayoutAlphaRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LayoutRoute
+    }
+    '/(marketing)/promo': {
+      id: '/(marketing)/promo'
+      path: '/promo'
+      fullPath: '/promo'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof marketingPromoRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/(marketing)/pricing': {
+      id: '/(marketing)/pricing'
+      path: '/pricing'
+      fullPath: '/pricing'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof marketingPricingRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface LayoutRouteChildren {
+  LayoutAlphaRoute: typeof LayoutAlphaRoute
+  LayoutBetaRoute: typeof LayoutBetaRoute
+}
+
+const LayoutRouteChildren: LayoutRouteChildren = {
+  LayoutAlphaRoute: LayoutAlphaRoute,
+  LayoutBetaRoute: LayoutBetaRoute,
+}
+
+const LayoutRouteWithChildren =
+  LayoutRoute._addFileChildren(LayoutRouteChildren)
+
+interface SecARouteChildren {
+  SecAIdRoute: typeof SecAIdRoute
+  SecAAboutRoute: typeof SecAAboutRoute
+  SecASettingsRoute: typeof SecASettingsRoute
+  SecAIndexRoute: typeof SecAIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecARouteChildren: SecARouteChildren = {
+  SecAIdRoute: SecAIdRoute,
+  SecAAboutRoute: SecAAboutRoute,
+  SecASettingsRoute: SecASettingsRoute,
+  SecAIndexRoute: SecAIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecARouteWithChildren = SecARoute._addFileChildren(SecARouteChildren)
+
+interface SecBRouteChildren {
+  SecBIdRoute: typeof SecBIdRoute
+  SecBAboutRoute: typeof SecBAboutRoute
+  SecBSettingsRoute: typeof SecBSettingsRoute
+  SecBIndexRoute: typeof SecBIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecBRouteChildren: SecBRouteChildren = {
+  SecBIdRoute: SecBIdRoute,
+  SecBAboutRoute: SecBAboutRoute,
+  SecBSettingsRoute: SecBSettingsRoute,
+  SecBIndexRoute: SecBIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecBRouteWithChildren = SecBRoute._addFileChildren(SecBRouteChildren)
+
+interface SecCRouteChildren {
+  SecCIdRoute: typeof SecCIdRoute
+  SecCAboutRoute: typeof SecCAboutRoute
+  SecCSettingsRoute: typeof SecCSettingsRoute
+  SecCIndexRoute: typeof SecCIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecCRouteChildren: SecCRouteChildren = {
+  SecCIdRoute: SecCIdRoute,
+  SecCAboutRoute: SecCAboutRoute,
+  SecCSettingsRoute: SecCSettingsRoute,
+  SecCIndexRoute: SecCIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecCRouteWithChildren = SecCRoute._addFileChildren(SecCRouteChildren)
+
+interface SecDRouteChildren {
+  SecDIdRoute: typeof SecDIdRoute
+  SecDAboutRoute: typeof SecDAboutRoute
+  SecDSettingsRoute: typeof SecDSettingsRoute
+  SecDIndexRoute: typeof SecDIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecDRouteChildren: SecDRouteChildren = {
+  SecDIdRoute: SecDIdRoute,
+  SecDAboutRoute: SecDAboutRoute,
+  SecDSettingsRoute: SecDSettingsRoute,
+  SecDIndexRoute: SecDIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecDRouteWithChildren = SecDRoute._addFileChildren(SecDRouteChildren)
+
+interface SecERouteChildren {
+  SecEIdRoute: typeof SecEIdRoute
+  SecEAboutRoute: typeof SecEAboutRoute
+  SecESettingsRoute: typeof SecESettingsRoute
+  SecEIndexRoute: typeof SecEIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecERouteChildren: SecERouteChildren = {
+  SecEIdRoute: SecEIdRoute,
+  SecEAboutRoute: SecEAboutRoute,
+  SecESettingsRoute: SecESettingsRoute,
+  SecEIndexRoute: SecEIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecERouteWithChildren = SecERoute._addFileChildren(SecERouteChildren)
+
+interface SecFRouteChildren {
+  SecFIdRoute: typeof SecFIdRoute
+  SecFAboutRoute: typeof SecFAboutRoute
+  SecFSettingsRoute: typeof SecFSettingsRoute
+  SecFIndexRoute: typeof SecFIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecFRouteChildren: SecFRouteChildren = {
+  SecFIdRoute: SecFIdRoute,
+  SecFAboutRoute: SecFAboutRoute,
+  SecFSettingsRoute: SecFSettingsRoute,
+  SecFIndexRoute: SecFIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecFRouteWithChildren = SecFRoute._addFileChildren(SecFRouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  LayoutRoute: LayoutRouteWithChildren,
+  SecARoute: SecARouteWithChildren,
+  SecBRoute: SecBRouteWithChildren,
+  SecCRoute: SecCRouteWithChildren,
+  SecDRoute: SecDRouteWithChildren,
+  SecERoute: SecERouteWithChildren,
+  SecFRoute: SecFRouteWithChildren,
+  marketingPricingRoute: marketingPricingRoute,
+  marketingPromoRoute: marketingPromoRoute,
+  FilesSplatRoute: FilesSplatRoute,
+  ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route: ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/(marketing)/pricing.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/(marketing)/pricing.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ac2a376549
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/(marketing)/pricing.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/(marketing)/pricing')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">pricing</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/(marketing)/promo.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/(marketing)/promo.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b71962254e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/(marketing)/promo.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/(marketing)/promo')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">promo</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ed47da924
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/sec-a/$id"
+          params={{ id: 'item 11%' }}
+          data-testid="go-sec-a-id"
+        >
+          Sec A item
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/sec-f/settings" data-testid="go-sec-f-settings">
+          Sec F settings
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/files/$"
+          params={{ _splat: 'x/ü y/z' }}
+          data-testid="go-files"
+        >
+          Files
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/release/v{$version}"
+          params={{ version: '9' }}
+          data-testid="go-release"
+        >
+          Release
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/alpha" data-testid="go-alpha">
+          Alpha
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/promo" data-testid="go-promo">
+          Promo
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/sec-c/$id"
+          params={{ id: 'q&a+42' }}
+          data-testid="go-sec-c-id"
+        >
+          Sec C item
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/sec-d/about" data-testid="go-sec-d-about">
+          Sec D about
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/_layout.alpha.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/_layout.alpha.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..893419cef5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/_layout.alpha.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/_layout/alpha')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">alpha</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/_layout.beta.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/_layout.beta.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d20c6007ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/_layout.beta.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/_layout/beta')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">beta</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/_layout.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/_layout.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..961feb50f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/_layout.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/_layout')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/files.$.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/files.$.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..028aa43d5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/files.$.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/files/$')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`files:${params._splat}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a7ffca9e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">home</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/release.v{$version}.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/release.v{$version}.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dfe8e31905
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/release.v{$version}.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/release/v{$version}')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`release:${params.version}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8be053a040
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-a:${params.id}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..54c1b28618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-a:about</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3c793a94f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-a:index</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0037f6463d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-a:settings</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..846f96b67b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-a.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0dd7f94feb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-b:${params.id}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fde4647472
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-b:about</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51b69cf664
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-b:index</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..977b7438b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-b:settings</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..77d7e6475d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-b.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb3be796c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-c:${params.id}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7910acf332
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-c:about</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f6ae102f2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-c:index</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bf2be30788
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-c:settings</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..77ac5644c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-c.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d34aee8972
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-d:${params.id}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f095cb2ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-d:about</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8fc698a4d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-d:index</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..76c7a178ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-d:settings</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5f3d281b5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-d.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6e31d0c5d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-e:${params.id}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a2835917b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-e:about</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f23b8d484
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-e:index</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b566a1ffaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-e:settings</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e573a71d98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-e.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a71c17f96e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-f:${params.id}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06831063ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-f:about</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4cd54b6a7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-f:index</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..92bdca5e44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-f:settings</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2fa27873e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/src/routes/sec-f.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d59cbb450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..686907a506
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'react',
+      // Real file-based apps code-split by default; this scenario keeps it on
+      // so navigations also exercise lazy route-chunk resolution.
+      autoCodeSplitting: true,
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    react(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav route-tree-scale (react)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/shared.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/shared.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8af5996804
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/shared.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/**
+ * Shared definition of the `route-tree-scale` scenario: route matching,
+ * location building, and link-target resolution over a wide route tree
+ * (~40 routes) mixing static segments, dynamic params, prefixed params,
+ * splats, pathless layouts, and route groups. Navigations jump between
+ * distant branches so matching cannot reuse the previous branch.
+ */
+
+export const sections = [
+  'sec-a',
+  'sec-b',
+  'sec-c',
+  'sec-d',
+  'sec-e',
+  'sec-f',
+] as const
+
+export const steps = [
+  'go-sec-a-id',
+  'go-sec-f-settings',
+  'go-files',
+  'go-release',
+  'go-alpha',
+  'go-promo',
+  'go-sec-c-id',
+  'go-sec-d-about',
+  'go-home',
+] as const
+
+// The dynamic ids and the splat carry characters that need percent-encoding
+// (spaces, `&`, `%`, `+`, unicode) so matching also exercises the segment
+// encode/decode paths.
+const expectedMarkers = [
+  'sec-a:item 11%',
+  'sec-f:settings',
+  'files:x/ü y/z',
+  'release:9',
+  'alpha',
+  'promo',
+  'sec-c:q&a+42',
+  'sec-d:about',
+  'home',
+] as const
+
+export function assertStepResult(stepIndex: number) {
+  const expected = expectedMarkers[stepIndex]!
+  const actual = document.querySelector(
+    '[data-testid="scale-state"]',
+  )?.textContent
+  if (actual !== expected) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected scale-state marker "${expected}" after step ${stepIndex}, received "${actual}"`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+// Three laps through the 9-step sequence per benchmark iteration.
+export const ticksPerIteration = 27
+
+export const benchOptions = {
+  warmupIterations: 100,
+  time: 10_000,
+  throws: true,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c568e41196
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-route-tree-scale-solid",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a46971603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Solid',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3d7a22a027
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-route-tree-scale', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-route-tree-scale navigation loop (solid)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..817045bd02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { render } from 'solid-js/web'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const unmount = render(() => <RouterProvider router={router} />, container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..20b4af6146
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,881 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as SecFRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f'
+import { Route as SecERouteImport } from './routes/sec-e'
+import { Route as SecDRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d'
+import { Route as SecCRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c'
+import { Route as SecBRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b'
+import { Route as SecARouteImport } from './routes/sec-a'
+import { Route as LayoutRouteImport } from './routes/_layout'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as SecFIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f.index'
+import { Route as SecEIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-e.index'
+import { Route as SecDIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d.index'
+import { Route as SecCIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c.index'
+import { Route as SecBIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b.index'
+import { Route as SecAIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-a.index'
+import { Route as SecFSettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f.settings'
+import { Route as SecFAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f.about'
+import { Route as SecFIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f.$id'
+import { Route as SecESettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-e.settings'
+import { Route as SecEAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-e.about'
+import { Route as SecEIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-e.$id'
+import { Route as SecDSettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d.settings'
+import { Route as SecDAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d.about'
+import { Route as SecDIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d.$id'
+import { Route as SecCSettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c.settings'
+import { Route as SecCAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c.about'
+import { Route as SecCIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c.$id'
+import { Route as SecBSettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b.settings'
+import { Route as SecBAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b.about'
+import { Route as SecBIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b.$id'
+import { Route as SecASettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-a.settings'
+import { Route as SecAAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-a.about'
+import { Route as SecAIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-a.$id'
+import { Route as ReleaseVChar123versionChar125RouteImport } from './routes/release.v{$version}'
+import { Route as FilesSplatRouteImport } from './routes/files.$'
+import { Route as LayoutBetaRouteImport } from './routes/_layout.beta'
+import { Route as LayoutAlphaRouteImport } from './routes/_layout.alpha'
+import { Route as marketingPromoRouteImport } from './routes/(marketing)/promo'
+import { Route as marketingPricingRouteImport } from './routes/(marketing)/pricing'
+
+const SecFRoute = SecFRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-f',
+  path: '/sec-f',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecERoute = SecERouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-e',
+  path: '/sec-e',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecDRoute = SecDRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-d',
+  path: '/sec-d',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecCRoute = SecCRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-c',
+  path: '/sec-c',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecBRoute = SecBRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-b',
+  path: '/sec-b',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecARoute = SecARouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-a',
+  path: '/sec-a',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const LayoutRoute = LayoutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/_layout',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecFIndexRoute = SecFIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecFRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecEIndexRoute = SecEIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecERoute,
+} as any)
+const SecDIndexRoute = SecDIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecDRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecCIndexRoute = SecCIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecCRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecBIndexRoute = SecBIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecBRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecAIndexRoute = SecAIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecARoute,
+} as any)
+const SecFSettingsRoute = SecFSettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecFRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecFAboutRoute = SecFAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecFRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecFIdRoute = SecFIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecFRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecESettingsRoute = SecESettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecERoute,
+} as any)
+const SecEAboutRoute = SecEAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecERoute,
+} as any)
+const SecEIdRoute = SecEIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecERoute,
+} as any)
+const SecDSettingsRoute = SecDSettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecDRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecDAboutRoute = SecDAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecDRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecDIdRoute = SecDIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecDRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecCSettingsRoute = SecCSettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecCRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecCAboutRoute = SecCAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecCRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecCIdRoute = SecCIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecCRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecBSettingsRoute = SecBSettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecBRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecBAboutRoute = SecBAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecBRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecBIdRoute = SecBIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecBRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecASettingsRoute = SecASettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecARoute,
+} as any)
+const SecAAboutRoute = SecAAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecARoute,
+} as any)
+const SecAIdRoute = SecAIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecARoute,
+} as any)
+const ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route =
+  ReleaseVChar123versionChar125RouteImport.update({
+    id: '/release/v{$version}',
+    path: '/release/v{$version}',
+    getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+  } as any)
+const FilesSplatRoute = FilesSplatRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/files/$',
+  path: '/files/$',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const LayoutBetaRoute = LayoutBetaRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/beta',
+  path: '/beta',
+  getParentRoute: () => LayoutRoute,
+} as any)
+const LayoutAlphaRoute = LayoutAlphaRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/alpha',
+  path: '/alpha',
+  getParentRoute: () => LayoutRoute,
+} as any)
+const marketingPromoRoute = marketingPromoRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/(marketing)/promo',
+  path: '/promo',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const marketingPricingRoute = marketingPricingRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/(marketing)/pricing',
+  path: '/pricing',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/sec-a': typeof SecARouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-b': typeof SecBRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-c': typeof SecCRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-d': typeof SecDRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-e': typeof SecERouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-f': typeof SecFRouteWithChildren
+  '/pricing': typeof marketingPricingRoute
+  '/promo': typeof marketingPromoRoute
+  '/alpha': typeof LayoutAlphaRoute
+  '/beta': typeof LayoutBetaRoute
+  '/files/$': typeof FilesSplatRoute
+  '/release/v{$version}': typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route
+  '/sec-a/$id': typeof SecAIdRoute
+  '/sec-a/about': typeof SecAAboutRoute
+  '/sec-a/settings': typeof SecASettingsRoute
+  '/sec-b/$id': typeof SecBIdRoute
+  '/sec-b/about': typeof SecBAboutRoute
+  '/sec-b/settings': typeof SecBSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-c/$id': typeof SecCIdRoute
+  '/sec-c/about': typeof SecCAboutRoute
+  '/sec-c/settings': typeof SecCSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-d/$id': typeof SecDIdRoute
+  '/sec-d/about': typeof SecDAboutRoute
+  '/sec-d/settings': typeof SecDSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-e/$id': typeof SecEIdRoute
+  '/sec-e/about': typeof SecEAboutRoute
+  '/sec-e/settings': typeof SecESettingsRoute
+  '/sec-f/$id': typeof SecFIdRoute
+  '/sec-f/about': typeof SecFAboutRoute
+  '/sec-f/settings': typeof SecFSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-a/': typeof SecAIndexRoute
+  '/sec-b/': typeof SecBIndexRoute
+  '/sec-c/': typeof SecCIndexRoute
+  '/sec-d/': typeof SecDIndexRoute
+  '/sec-e/': typeof SecEIndexRoute
+  '/sec-f/': typeof SecFIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/pricing': typeof marketingPricingRoute
+  '/promo': typeof marketingPromoRoute
+  '/alpha': typeof LayoutAlphaRoute
+  '/beta': typeof LayoutBetaRoute
+  '/files/$': typeof FilesSplatRoute
+  '/release/v{$version}': typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route
+  '/sec-a/$id': typeof SecAIdRoute
+  '/sec-a/about': typeof SecAAboutRoute
+  '/sec-a/settings': typeof SecASettingsRoute
+  '/sec-b/$id': typeof SecBIdRoute
+  '/sec-b/about': typeof SecBAboutRoute
+  '/sec-b/settings': typeof SecBSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-c/$id': typeof SecCIdRoute
+  '/sec-c/about': typeof SecCAboutRoute
+  '/sec-c/settings': typeof SecCSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-d/$id': typeof SecDIdRoute
+  '/sec-d/about': typeof SecDAboutRoute
+  '/sec-d/settings': typeof SecDSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-e/$id': typeof SecEIdRoute
+  '/sec-e/about': typeof SecEAboutRoute
+  '/sec-e/settings': typeof SecESettingsRoute
+  '/sec-f/$id': typeof SecFIdRoute
+  '/sec-f/about': typeof SecFAboutRoute
+  '/sec-f/settings': typeof SecFSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-a': typeof SecAIndexRoute
+  '/sec-b': typeof SecBIndexRoute
+  '/sec-c': typeof SecCIndexRoute
+  '/sec-d': typeof SecDIndexRoute
+  '/sec-e': typeof SecEIndexRoute
+  '/sec-f': typeof SecFIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/_layout': typeof LayoutRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-a': typeof SecARouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-b': typeof SecBRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-c': typeof SecCRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-d': typeof SecDRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-e': typeof SecERouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-f': typeof SecFRouteWithChildren
+  '/(marketing)/pricing': typeof marketingPricingRoute
+  '/(marketing)/promo': typeof marketingPromoRoute
+  '/_layout/alpha': typeof LayoutAlphaRoute
+  '/_layout/beta': typeof LayoutBetaRoute
+  '/files/$': typeof FilesSplatRoute
+  '/release/v{$version}': typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route
+  '/sec-a/$id': typeof SecAIdRoute
+  '/sec-a/about': typeof SecAAboutRoute
+  '/sec-a/settings': typeof SecASettingsRoute
+  '/sec-b/$id': typeof SecBIdRoute
+  '/sec-b/about': typeof SecBAboutRoute
+  '/sec-b/settings': typeof SecBSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-c/$id': typeof SecCIdRoute
+  '/sec-c/about': typeof SecCAboutRoute
+  '/sec-c/settings': typeof SecCSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-d/$id': typeof SecDIdRoute
+  '/sec-d/about': typeof SecDAboutRoute
+  '/sec-d/settings': typeof SecDSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-e/$id': typeof SecEIdRoute
+  '/sec-e/about': typeof SecEAboutRoute
+  '/sec-e/settings': typeof SecESettingsRoute
+  '/sec-f/$id': typeof SecFIdRoute
+  '/sec-f/about': typeof SecFAboutRoute
+  '/sec-f/settings': typeof SecFSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-a/': typeof SecAIndexRoute
+  '/sec-b/': typeof SecBIndexRoute
+  '/sec-c/': typeof SecCIndexRoute
+  '/sec-d/': typeof SecDIndexRoute
+  '/sec-e/': typeof SecEIndexRoute
+  '/sec-f/': typeof SecFIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths:
+    | '/'
+    | '/sec-a'
+    | '/sec-b'
+    | '/sec-c'
+    | '/sec-d'
+    | '/sec-e'
+    | '/sec-f'
+    | '/pricing'
+    | '/promo'
+    | '/alpha'
+    | '/beta'
+    | '/files/$'
+    | '/release/v{$version}'
+    | '/sec-a/$id'
+    | '/sec-a/about'
+    | '/sec-a/settings'
+    | '/sec-b/$id'
+    | '/sec-b/about'
+    | '/sec-b/settings'
+    | '/sec-c/$id'
+    | '/sec-c/about'
+    | '/sec-c/settings'
+    | '/sec-d/$id'
+    | '/sec-d/about'
+    | '/sec-d/settings'
+    | '/sec-e/$id'
+    | '/sec-e/about'
+    | '/sec-e/settings'
+    | '/sec-f/$id'
+    | '/sec-f/about'
+    | '/sec-f/settings'
+    | '/sec-a/'
+    | '/sec-b/'
+    | '/sec-c/'
+    | '/sec-d/'
+    | '/sec-e/'
+    | '/sec-f/'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to:
+    | '/'
+    | '/pricing'
+    | '/promo'
+    | '/alpha'
+    | '/beta'
+    | '/files/$'
+    | '/release/v{$version}'
+    | '/sec-a/$id'
+    | '/sec-a/about'
+    | '/sec-a/settings'
+    | '/sec-b/$id'
+    | '/sec-b/about'
+    | '/sec-b/settings'
+    | '/sec-c/$id'
+    | '/sec-c/about'
+    | '/sec-c/settings'
+    | '/sec-d/$id'
+    | '/sec-d/about'
+    | '/sec-d/settings'
+    | '/sec-e/$id'
+    | '/sec-e/about'
+    | '/sec-e/settings'
+    | '/sec-f/$id'
+    | '/sec-f/about'
+    | '/sec-f/settings'
+    | '/sec-a'
+    | '/sec-b'
+    | '/sec-c'
+    | '/sec-d'
+    | '/sec-e'
+    | '/sec-f'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/_layout'
+    | '/sec-a'
+    | '/sec-b'
+    | '/sec-c'
+    | '/sec-d'
+    | '/sec-e'
+    | '/sec-f'
+    | '/(marketing)/pricing'
+    | '/(marketing)/promo'
+    | '/_layout/alpha'
+    | '/_layout/beta'
+    | '/files/$'
+    | '/release/v{$version}'
+    | '/sec-a/$id'
+    | '/sec-a/about'
+    | '/sec-a/settings'
+    | '/sec-b/$id'
+    | '/sec-b/about'
+    | '/sec-b/settings'
+    | '/sec-c/$id'
+    | '/sec-c/about'
+    | '/sec-c/settings'
+    | '/sec-d/$id'
+    | '/sec-d/about'
+    | '/sec-d/settings'
+    | '/sec-e/$id'
+    | '/sec-e/about'
+    | '/sec-e/settings'
+    | '/sec-f/$id'
+    | '/sec-f/about'
+    | '/sec-f/settings'
+    | '/sec-a/'
+    | '/sec-b/'
+    | '/sec-c/'
+    | '/sec-d/'
+    | '/sec-e/'
+    | '/sec-f/'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  LayoutRoute: typeof LayoutRouteWithChildren
+  SecARoute: typeof SecARouteWithChildren
+  SecBRoute: typeof SecBRouteWithChildren
+  SecCRoute: typeof SecCRouteWithChildren
+  SecDRoute: typeof SecDRouteWithChildren
+  SecERoute: typeof SecERouteWithChildren
+  SecFRoute: typeof SecFRouteWithChildren
+  marketingPricingRoute: typeof marketingPricingRoute
+  marketingPromoRoute: typeof marketingPromoRoute
+  FilesSplatRoute: typeof FilesSplatRoute
+  ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route: typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/sec-f': {
+      id: '/sec-f'
+      path: '/sec-f'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-e': {
+      id: '/sec-e'
+      path: '/sec-e'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecERouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-d': {
+      id: '/sec-d'
+      path: '/sec-d'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-c': {
+      id: '/sec-c'
+      path: '/sec-c'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-b': {
+      id: '/sec-b'
+      path: '/sec-b'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-a': {
+      id: '/sec-a'
+      path: '/sec-a'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecARouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/_layout': {
+      id: '/_layout'
+      path: ''
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LayoutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-f/': {
+      id: '/sec-f/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecFRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-e/': {
+      id: '/sec-e/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecEIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecERoute
+    }
+    '/sec-d/': {
+      id: '/sec-d/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecDRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-c/': {
+      id: '/sec-c/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecCRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-b/': {
+      id: '/sec-b/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecBRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-a/': {
+      id: '/sec-a/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecAIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecARoute
+    }
+    '/sec-f/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-f/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFSettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecFRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-f/about': {
+      id: '/sec-f/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecFRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-f/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-f/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecFRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-e/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-e/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecESettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecERoute
+    }
+    '/sec-e/about': {
+      id: '/sec-e/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecEAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecERoute
+    }
+    '/sec-e/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-e/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecEIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecERoute
+    }
+    '/sec-d/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-d/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDSettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecDRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-d/about': {
+      id: '/sec-d/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecDRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-d/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-d/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecDRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-c/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-c/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCSettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecCRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-c/about': {
+      id: '/sec-c/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecCRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-c/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-c/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecCRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-b/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-b/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBSettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecBRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-b/about': {
+      id: '/sec-b/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecBRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-b/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-b/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecBRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-a/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-a/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecASettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecARoute
+    }
+    '/sec-a/about': {
+      id: '/sec-a/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecAAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecARoute
+    }
+    '/sec-a/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-a/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecAIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecARoute
+    }
+    '/release/v{$version}': {
+      id: '/release/v{$version}'
+      path: '/release/v{$version}'
+      fullPath: '/release/v{$version}'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125RouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/files/$': {
+      id: '/files/$'
+      path: '/files/$'
+      fullPath: '/files/$'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof FilesSplatRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/_layout/beta': {
+      id: '/_layout/beta'
+      path: '/beta'
+      fullPath: '/beta'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LayoutBetaRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LayoutRoute
+    }
+    '/_layout/alpha': {
+      id: '/_layout/alpha'
+      path: '/alpha'
+      fullPath: '/alpha'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LayoutAlphaRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LayoutRoute
+    }
+    '/(marketing)/promo': {
+      id: '/(marketing)/promo'
+      path: '/promo'
+      fullPath: '/promo'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof marketingPromoRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/(marketing)/pricing': {
+      id: '/(marketing)/pricing'
+      path: '/pricing'
+      fullPath: '/pricing'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof marketingPricingRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface LayoutRouteChildren {
+  LayoutAlphaRoute: typeof LayoutAlphaRoute
+  LayoutBetaRoute: typeof LayoutBetaRoute
+}
+
+const LayoutRouteChildren: LayoutRouteChildren = {
+  LayoutAlphaRoute: LayoutAlphaRoute,
+  LayoutBetaRoute: LayoutBetaRoute,
+}
+
+const LayoutRouteWithChildren =
+  LayoutRoute._addFileChildren(LayoutRouteChildren)
+
+interface SecARouteChildren {
+  SecAIdRoute: typeof SecAIdRoute
+  SecAAboutRoute: typeof SecAAboutRoute
+  SecASettingsRoute: typeof SecASettingsRoute
+  SecAIndexRoute: typeof SecAIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecARouteChildren: SecARouteChildren = {
+  SecAIdRoute: SecAIdRoute,
+  SecAAboutRoute: SecAAboutRoute,
+  SecASettingsRoute: SecASettingsRoute,
+  SecAIndexRoute: SecAIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecARouteWithChildren = SecARoute._addFileChildren(SecARouteChildren)
+
+interface SecBRouteChildren {
+  SecBIdRoute: typeof SecBIdRoute
+  SecBAboutRoute: typeof SecBAboutRoute
+  SecBSettingsRoute: typeof SecBSettingsRoute
+  SecBIndexRoute: typeof SecBIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecBRouteChildren: SecBRouteChildren = {
+  SecBIdRoute: SecBIdRoute,
+  SecBAboutRoute: SecBAboutRoute,
+  SecBSettingsRoute: SecBSettingsRoute,
+  SecBIndexRoute: SecBIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecBRouteWithChildren = SecBRoute._addFileChildren(SecBRouteChildren)
+
+interface SecCRouteChildren {
+  SecCIdRoute: typeof SecCIdRoute
+  SecCAboutRoute: typeof SecCAboutRoute
+  SecCSettingsRoute: typeof SecCSettingsRoute
+  SecCIndexRoute: typeof SecCIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecCRouteChildren: SecCRouteChildren = {
+  SecCIdRoute: SecCIdRoute,
+  SecCAboutRoute: SecCAboutRoute,
+  SecCSettingsRoute: SecCSettingsRoute,
+  SecCIndexRoute: SecCIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecCRouteWithChildren = SecCRoute._addFileChildren(SecCRouteChildren)
+
+interface SecDRouteChildren {
+  SecDIdRoute: typeof SecDIdRoute
+  SecDAboutRoute: typeof SecDAboutRoute
+  SecDSettingsRoute: typeof SecDSettingsRoute
+  SecDIndexRoute: typeof SecDIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecDRouteChildren: SecDRouteChildren = {
+  SecDIdRoute: SecDIdRoute,
+  SecDAboutRoute: SecDAboutRoute,
+  SecDSettingsRoute: SecDSettingsRoute,
+  SecDIndexRoute: SecDIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecDRouteWithChildren = SecDRoute._addFileChildren(SecDRouteChildren)
+
+interface SecERouteChildren {
+  SecEIdRoute: typeof SecEIdRoute
+  SecEAboutRoute: typeof SecEAboutRoute
+  SecESettingsRoute: typeof SecESettingsRoute
+  SecEIndexRoute: typeof SecEIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecERouteChildren: SecERouteChildren = {
+  SecEIdRoute: SecEIdRoute,
+  SecEAboutRoute: SecEAboutRoute,
+  SecESettingsRoute: SecESettingsRoute,
+  SecEIndexRoute: SecEIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecERouteWithChildren = SecERoute._addFileChildren(SecERouteChildren)
+
+interface SecFRouteChildren {
+  SecFIdRoute: typeof SecFIdRoute
+  SecFAboutRoute: typeof SecFAboutRoute
+  SecFSettingsRoute: typeof SecFSettingsRoute
+  SecFIndexRoute: typeof SecFIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecFRouteChildren: SecFRouteChildren = {
+  SecFIdRoute: SecFIdRoute,
+  SecFAboutRoute: SecFAboutRoute,
+  SecFSettingsRoute: SecFSettingsRoute,
+  SecFIndexRoute: SecFIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecFRouteWithChildren = SecFRoute._addFileChildren(SecFRouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  LayoutRoute: LayoutRouteWithChildren,
+  SecARoute: SecARouteWithChildren,
+  SecBRoute: SecBRouteWithChildren,
+  SecCRoute: SecCRouteWithChildren,
+  SecDRoute: SecDRouteWithChildren,
+  SecERoute: SecERouteWithChildren,
+  SecFRoute: SecFRouteWithChildren,
+  marketingPricingRoute: marketingPricingRoute,
+  marketingPromoRoute: marketingPromoRoute,
+  FilesSplatRoute: FilesSplatRoute,
+  ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route: ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/(marketing)/pricing.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/(marketing)/pricing.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0965507de6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/(marketing)/pricing.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/(marketing)/pricing')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">pricing</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/(marketing)/promo.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/(marketing)/promo.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..220bd06a68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/(marketing)/promo.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/(marketing)/promo')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">promo</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a4e4113d9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/sec-a/$id"
+          params={{ id: 'item 11%' }}
+          data-testid="go-sec-a-id"
+        >
+          Sec A item
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/sec-f/settings" data-testid="go-sec-f-settings">
+          Sec F settings
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/files/$"
+          params={{ _splat: 'x/ü y/z' }}
+          data-testid="go-files"
+        >
+          Files
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/release/v{$version}"
+          params={{ version: '9' }}
+          data-testid="go-release"
+        >
+          Release
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/alpha" data-testid="go-alpha">
+          Alpha
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/promo" data-testid="go-promo">
+          Promo
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/sec-c/$id"
+          params={{ id: 'q&a+42' }}
+          data-testid="go-sec-c-id"
+        >
+          Sec C item
+        </Link>
+        <Link to="/sec-d/about" data-testid="go-sec-d-about">
+          Sec D about
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/_layout.alpha.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/_layout.alpha.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..234b8488a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/_layout.alpha.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/_layout/alpha')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">alpha</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/_layout.beta.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/_layout.beta.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..39bc716efa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/_layout.beta.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/_layout/beta')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">beta</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/_layout.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/_layout.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f1e499d3b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/_layout.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/_layout')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/files.$.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/files.$.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47b1a5eea9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/files.$.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/files/$')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`files:${params()._splat}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25b1c03c1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">home</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/release.v{$version}.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/release.v{$version}.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0dbcee35ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/release.v{$version}.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/release/v{$version}')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`release:${params().version}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..18731a2844
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-a:${params().id}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1699360a1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-a:about</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e71e525d07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-a:index</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..49d470190e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-a:settings</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2861169fb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-a.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86fe71d7c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-b:${params().id}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..586b829cd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-b:about</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7098416658
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-b:index</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2e0f47650
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-b:settings</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2905da9ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-b.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3e07e8033a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-c:${params().id}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86ed5043a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-c:about</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa9ed2dc6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-c:index</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0dd3e952c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-c:settings</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fa53825238
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-c.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3722012d7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-d:${params().id}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..860d2b9e5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-d:about</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ec7b8eaf2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-d:index</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d83e3885fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-d:settings</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e71391e2a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-d.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e58d9d77ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-e:${params().id}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3ef4d2c763
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-e:about</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..88bf7ca271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-e:index</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a9945926d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-e:settings</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8b5ef24519
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-e.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b81ef96ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  const params = Route.useParams()
+
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-f:${params().id}`}</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1c4e3a5474
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-f:about</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..65803ee848
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-f:index</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5761138262
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
+
+function Page() {
+  return <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-f:settings</div>
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c7f25eecdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/src/routes/sec-f.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
+
+function Layout() {
+  return <Outlet />
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98d76ad6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "solid-js",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dd0bd234e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'solid',
+      // Real file-based apps code-split by default; this scenario keeps it on
+      // so navigations also exercise lazy route-chunk resolution.
+      autoCodeSplitting: true,
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    solid({ hot: false, dev: false }),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['solid', 'browser'],
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav route-tree-scale (solid)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+    server: {
+      deps: {
+        inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f613070038
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-route-tree-scale-vue",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97b74b3892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Vue',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a767b8d220
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-route-tree-scale', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-route-tree-scale navigation loop (vue)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c96d3f3a2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const component = <RouterProvider router={router} />
+  const app = Vue.createApp({
+    render: () => component,
+  })
+
+  app.mount(container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      app.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a03c051a79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,881 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as SecFRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f'
+import { Route as SecERouteImport } from './routes/sec-e'
+import { Route as SecDRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d'
+import { Route as SecCRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c'
+import { Route as SecBRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b'
+import { Route as SecARouteImport } from './routes/sec-a'
+import { Route as LayoutRouteImport } from './routes/_layout'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+import { Route as SecFIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f.index'
+import { Route as SecEIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-e.index'
+import { Route as SecDIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d.index'
+import { Route as SecCIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c.index'
+import { Route as SecBIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b.index'
+import { Route as SecAIndexRouteImport } from './routes/sec-a.index'
+import { Route as SecFSettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f.settings'
+import { Route as SecFAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f.about'
+import { Route as SecFIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-f.$id'
+import { Route as SecESettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-e.settings'
+import { Route as SecEAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-e.about'
+import { Route as SecEIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-e.$id'
+import { Route as SecDSettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d.settings'
+import { Route as SecDAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d.about'
+import { Route as SecDIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-d.$id'
+import { Route as SecCSettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c.settings'
+import { Route as SecCAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c.about'
+import { Route as SecCIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-c.$id'
+import { Route as SecBSettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b.settings'
+import { Route as SecBAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b.about'
+import { Route as SecBIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-b.$id'
+import { Route as SecASettingsRouteImport } from './routes/sec-a.settings'
+import { Route as SecAAboutRouteImport } from './routes/sec-a.about'
+import { Route as SecAIdRouteImport } from './routes/sec-a.$id'
+import { Route as ReleaseVChar123versionChar125RouteImport } from './routes/release.v{$version}'
+import { Route as FilesSplatRouteImport } from './routes/files.$'
+import { Route as LayoutBetaRouteImport } from './routes/_layout.beta'
+import { Route as LayoutAlphaRouteImport } from './routes/_layout.alpha'
+import { Route as marketingPromoRouteImport } from './routes/(marketing)/promo'
+import { Route as marketingPricingRouteImport } from './routes/(marketing)/pricing'
+
+const SecFRoute = SecFRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-f',
+  path: '/sec-f',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecERoute = SecERouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-e',
+  path: '/sec-e',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecDRoute = SecDRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-d',
+  path: '/sec-d',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecCRoute = SecCRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-c',
+  path: '/sec-c',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecBRoute = SecBRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-b',
+  path: '/sec-b',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecARoute = SecARouteImport.update({
+  id: '/sec-a',
+  path: '/sec-a',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const LayoutRoute = LayoutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/_layout',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const SecFIndexRoute = SecFIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecFRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecEIndexRoute = SecEIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecERoute,
+} as any)
+const SecDIndexRoute = SecDIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecDRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecCIndexRoute = SecCIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecCRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecBIndexRoute = SecBIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecBRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecAIndexRoute = SecAIndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecARoute,
+} as any)
+const SecFSettingsRoute = SecFSettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecFRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecFAboutRoute = SecFAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecFRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecFIdRoute = SecFIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecFRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecESettingsRoute = SecESettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecERoute,
+} as any)
+const SecEAboutRoute = SecEAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecERoute,
+} as any)
+const SecEIdRoute = SecEIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecERoute,
+} as any)
+const SecDSettingsRoute = SecDSettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecDRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecDAboutRoute = SecDAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecDRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecDIdRoute = SecDIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecDRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecCSettingsRoute = SecCSettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecCRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecCAboutRoute = SecCAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecCRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecCIdRoute = SecCIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecCRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecBSettingsRoute = SecBSettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecBRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecBAboutRoute = SecBAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecBRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecBIdRoute = SecBIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecBRoute,
+} as any)
+const SecASettingsRoute = SecASettingsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/settings',
+  path: '/settings',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecARoute,
+} as any)
+const SecAAboutRoute = SecAAboutRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/about',
+  path: '/about',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecARoute,
+} as any)
+const SecAIdRoute = SecAIdRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/$id',
+  path: '/$id',
+  getParentRoute: () => SecARoute,
+} as any)
+const ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route =
+  ReleaseVChar123versionChar125RouteImport.update({
+    id: '/release/v{$version}',
+    path: '/release/v{$version}',
+    getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+  } as any)
+const FilesSplatRoute = FilesSplatRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/files/$',
+  path: '/files/$',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const LayoutBetaRoute = LayoutBetaRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/beta',
+  path: '/beta',
+  getParentRoute: () => LayoutRoute,
+} as any)
+const LayoutAlphaRoute = LayoutAlphaRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/alpha',
+  path: '/alpha',
+  getParentRoute: () => LayoutRoute,
+} as any)
+const marketingPromoRoute = marketingPromoRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/(marketing)/promo',
+  path: '/promo',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const marketingPricingRoute = marketingPricingRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/(marketing)/pricing',
+  path: '/pricing',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/sec-a': typeof SecARouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-b': typeof SecBRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-c': typeof SecCRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-d': typeof SecDRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-e': typeof SecERouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-f': typeof SecFRouteWithChildren
+  '/pricing': typeof marketingPricingRoute
+  '/promo': typeof marketingPromoRoute
+  '/alpha': typeof LayoutAlphaRoute
+  '/beta': typeof LayoutBetaRoute
+  '/files/$': typeof FilesSplatRoute
+  '/release/v{$version}': typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route
+  '/sec-a/$id': typeof SecAIdRoute
+  '/sec-a/about': typeof SecAAboutRoute
+  '/sec-a/settings': typeof SecASettingsRoute
+  '/sec-b/$id': typeof SecBIdRoute
+  '/sec-b/about': typeof SecBAboutRoute
+  '/sec-b/settings': typeof SecBSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-c/$id': typeof SecCIdRoute
+  '/sec-c/about': typeof SecCAboutRoute
+  '/sec-c/settings': typeof SecCSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-d/$id': typeof SecDIdRoute
+  '/sec-d/about': typeof SecDAboutRoute
+  '/sec-d/settings': typeof SecDSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-e/$id': typeof SecEIdRoute
+  '/sec-e/about': typeof SecEAboutRoute
+  '/sec-e/settings': typeof SecESettingsRoute
+  '/sec-f/$id': typeof SecFIdRoute
+  '/sec-f/about': typeof SecFAboutRoute
+  '/sec-f/settings': typeof SecFSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-a/': typeof SecAIndexRoute
+  '/sec-b/': typeof SecBIndexRoute
+  '/sec-c/': typeof SecCIndexRoute
+  '/sec-d/': typeof SecDIndexRoute
+  '/sec-e/': typeof SecEIndexRoute
+  '/sec-f/': typeof SecFIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/pricing': typeof marketingPricingRoute
+  '/promo': typeof marketingPromoRoute
+  '/alpha': typeof LayoutAlphaRoute
+  '/beta': typeof LayoutBetaRoute
+  '/files/$': typeof FilesSplatRoute
+  '/release/v{$version}': typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route
+  '/sec-a/$id': typeof SecAIdRoute
+  '/sec-a/about': typeof SecAAboutRoute
+  '/sec-a/settings': typeof SecASettingsRoute
+  '/sec-b/$id': typeof SecBIdRoute
+  '/sec-b/about': typeof SecBAboutRoute
+  '/sec-b/settings': typeof SecBSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-c/$id': typeof SecCIdRoute
+  '/sec-c/about': typeof SecCAboutRoute
+  '/sec-c/settings': typeof SecCSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-d/$id': typeof SecDIdRoute
+  '/sec-d/about': typeof SecDAboutRoute
+  '/sec-d/settings': typeof SecDSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-e/$id': typeof SecEIdRoute
+  '/sec-e/about': typeof SecEAboutRoute
+  '/sec-e/settings': typeof SecESettingsRoute
+  '/sec-f/$id': typeof SecFIdRoute
+  '/sec-f/about': typeof SecFAboutRoute
+  '/sec-f/settings': typeof SecFSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-a': typeof SecAIndexRoute
+  '/sec-b': typeof SecBIndexRoute
+  '/sec-c': typeof SecCIndexRoute
+  '/sec-d': typeof SecDIndexRoute
+  '/sec-e': typeof SecEIndexRoute
+  '/sec-f': typeof SecFIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/_layout': typeof LayoutRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-a': typeof SecARouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-b': typeof SecBRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-c': typeof SecCRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-d': typeof SecDRouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-e': typeof SecERouteWithChildren
+  '/sec-f': typeof SecFRouteWithChildren
+  '/(marketing)/pricing': typeof marketingPricingRoute
+  '/(marketing)/promo': typeof marketingPromoRoute
+  '/_layout/alpha': typeof LayoutAlphaRoute
+  '/_layout/beta': typeof LayoutBetaRoute
+  '/files/$': typeof FilesSplatRoute
+  '/release/v{$version}': typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route
+  '/sec-a/$id': typeof SecAIdRoute
+  '/sec-a/about': typeof SecAAboutRoute
+  '/sec-a/settings': typeof SecASettingsRoute
+  '/sec-b/$id': typeof SecBIdRoute
+  '/sec-b/about': typeof SecBAboutRoute
+  '/sec-b/settings': typeof SecBSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-c/$id': typeof SecCIdRoute
+  '/sec-c/about': typeof SecCAboutRoute
+  '/sec-c/settings': typeof SecCSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-d/$id': typeof SecDIdRoute
+  '/sec-d/about': typeof SecDAboutRoute
+  '/sec-d/settings': typeof SecDSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-e/$id': typeof SecEIdRoute
+  '/sec-e/about': typeof SecEAboutRoute
+  '/sec-e/settings': typeof SecESettingsRoute
+  '/sec-f/$id': typeof SecFIdRoute
+  '/sec-f/about': typeof SecFAboutRoute
+  '/sec-f/settings': typeof SecFSettingsRoute
+  '/sec-a/': typeof SecAIndexRoute
+  '/sec-b/': typeof SecBIndexRoute
+  '/sec-c/': typeof SecCIndexRoute
+  '/sec-d/': typeof SecDIndexRoute
+  '/sec-e/': typeof SecEIndexRoute
+  '/sec-f/': typeof SecFIndexRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths:
+    | '/'
+    | '/sec-a'
+    | '/sec-b'
+    | '/sec-c'
+    | '/sec-d'
+    | '/sec-e'
+    | '/sec-f'
+    | '/pricing'
+    | '/promo'
+    | '/alpha'
+    | '/beta'
+    | '/files/$'
+    | '/release/v{$version}'
+    | '/sec-a/$id'
+    | '/sec-a/about'
+    | '/sec-a/settings'
+    | '/sec-b/$id'
+    | '/sec-b/about'
+    | '/sec-b/settings'
+    | '/sec-c/$id'
+    | '/sec-c/about'
+    | '/sec-c/settings'
+    | '/sec-d/$id'
+    | '/sec-d/about'
+    | '/sec-d/settings'
+    | '/sec-e/$id'
+    | '/sec-e/about'
+    | '/sec-e/settings'
+    | '/sec-f/$id'
+    | '/sec-f/about'
+    | '/sec-f/settings'
+    | '/sec-a/'
+    | '/sec-b/'
+    | '/sec-c/'
+    | '/sec-d/'
+    | '/sec-e/'
+    | '/sec-f/'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to:
+    | '/'
+    | '/pricing'
+    | '/promo'
+    | '/alpha'
+    | '/beta'
+    | '/files/$'
+    | '/release/v{$version}'
+    | '/sec-a/$id'
+    | '/sec-a/about'
+    | '/sec-a/settings'
+    | '/sec-b/$id'
+    | '/sec-b/about'
+    | '/sec-b/settings'
+    | '/sec-c/$id'
+    | '/sec-c/about'
+    | '/sec-c/settings'
+    | '/sec-d/$id'
+    | '/sec-d/about'
+    | '/sec-d/settings'
+    | '/sec-e/$id'
+    | '/sec-e/about'
+    | '/sec-e/settings'
+    | '/sec-f/$id'
+    | '/sec-f/about'
+    | '/sec-f/settings'
+    | '/sec-a'
+    | '/sec-b'
+    | '/sec-c'
+    | '/sec-d'
+    | '/sec-e'
+    | '/sec-f'
+  id:
+    | '__root__'
+    | '/'
+    | '/_layout'
+    | '/sec-a'
+    | '/sec-b'
+    | '/sec-c'
+    | '/sec-d'
+    | '/sec-e'
+    | '/sec-f'
+    | '/(marketing)/pricing'
+    | '/(marketing)/promo'
+    | '/_layout/alpha'
+    | '/_layout/beta'
+    | '/files/$'
+    | '/release/v{$version}'
+    | '/sec-a/$id'
+    | '/sec-a/about'
+    | '/sec-a/settings'
+    | '/sec-b/$id'
+    | '/sec-b/about'
+    | '/sec-b/settings'
+    | '/sec-c/$id'
+    | '/sec-c/about'
+    | '/sec-c/settings'
+    | '/sec-d/$id'
+    | '/sec-d/about'
+    | '/sec-d/settings'
+    | '/sec-e/$id'
+    | '/sec-e/about'
+    | '/sec-e/settings'
+    | '/sec-f/$id'
+    | '/sec-f/about'
+    | '/sec-f/settings'
+    | '/sec-a/'
+    | '/sec-b/'
+    | '/sec-c/'
+    | '/sec-d/'
+    | '/sec-e/'
+    | '/sec-f/'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  LayoutRoute: typeof LayoutRouteWithChildren
+  SecARoute: typeof SecARouteWithChildren
+  SecBRoute: typeof SecBRouteWithChildren
+  SecCRoute: typeof SecCRouteWithChildren
+  SecDRoute: typeof SecDRouteWithChildren
+  SecERoute: typeof SecERouteWithChildren
+  SecFRoute: typeof SecFRouteWithChildren
+  marketingPricingRoute: typeof marketingPricingRoute
+  marketingPromoRoute: typeof marketingPromoRoute
+  FilesSplatRoute: typeof FilesSplatRoute
+  ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route: typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/sec-f': {
+      id: '/sec-f'
+      path: '/sec-f'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-e': {
+      id: '/sec-e'
+      path: '/sec-e'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecERouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-d': {
+      id: '/sec-d'
+      path: '/sec-d'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-c': {
+      id: '/sec-c'
+      path: '/sec-c'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-b': {
+      id: '/sec-b'
+      path: '/sec-b'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-a': {
+      id: '/sec-a'
+      path: '/sec-a'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecARouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/_layout': {
+      id: '/_layout'
+      path: ''
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LayoutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/sec-f/': {
+      id: '/sec-f/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecFRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-e/': {
+      id: '/sec-e/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecEIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecERoute
+    }
+    '/sec-d/': {
+      id: '/sec-d/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecDRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-c/': {
+      id: '/sec-c/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecCRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-b/': {
+      id: '/sec-b/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecBRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-a/': {
+      id: '/sec-a/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecAIndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecARoute
+    }
+    '/sec-f/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-f/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFSettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecFRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-f/about': {
+      id: '/sec-f/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecFRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-f/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-f/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-f/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecFIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecFRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-e/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-e/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecESettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecERoute
+    }
+    '/sec-e/about': {
+      id: '/sec-e/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecEAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecERoute
+    }
+    '/sec-e/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-e/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-e/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecEIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecERoute
+    }
+    '/sec-d/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-d/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDSettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecDRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-d/about': {
+      id: '/sec-d/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecDRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-d/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-d/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-d/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecDIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecDRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-c/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-c/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCSettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecCRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-c/about': {
+      id: '/sec-c/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecCRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-c/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-c/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-c/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecCIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecCRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-b/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-b/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBSettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecBRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-b/about': {
+      id: '/sec-b/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecBRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-b/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-b/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-b/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecBIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecBRoute
+    }
+    '/sec-a/settings': {
+      id: '/sec-a/settings'
+      path: '/settings'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a/settings'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecASettingsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecARoute
+    }
+    '/sec-a/about': {
+      id: '/sec-a/about'
+      path: '/about'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a/about'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecAAboutRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecARoute
+    }
+    '/sec-a/$id': {
+      id: '/sec-a/$id'
+      path: '/$id'
+      fullPath: '/sec-a/$id'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof SecAIdRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof SecARoute
+    }
+    '/release/v{$version}': {
+      id: '/release/v{$version}'
+      path: '/release/v{$version}'
+      fullPath: '/release/v{$version}'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ReleaseVChar123versionChar125RouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/files/$': {
+      id: '/files/$'
+      path: '/files/$'
+      fullPath: '/files/$'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof FilesSplatRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/_layout/beta': {
+      id: '/_layout/beta'
+      path: '/beta'
+      fullPath: '/beta'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LayoutBetaRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LayoutRoute
+    }
+    '/_layout/alpha': {
+      id: '/_layout/alpha'
+      path: '/alpha'
+      fullPath: '/alpha'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof LayoutAlphaRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof LayoutRoute
+    }
+    '/(marketing)/promo': {
+      id: '/(marketing)/promo'
+      path: '/promo'
+      fullPath: '/promo'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof marketingPromoRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/(marketing)/pricing': {
+      id: '/(marketing)/pricing'
+      path: '/pricing'
+      fullPath: '/pricing'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof marketingPricingRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+interface LayoutRouteChildren {
+  LayoutAlphaRoute: typeof LayoutAlphaRoute
+  LayoutBetaRoute: typeof LayoutBetaRoute
+}
+
+const LayoutRouteChildren: LayoutRouteChildren = {
+  LayoutAlphaRoute: LayoutAlphaRoute,
+  LayoutBetaRoute: LayoutBetaRoute,
+}
+
+const LayoutRouteWithChildren =
+  LayoutRoute._addFileChildren(LayoutRouteChildren)
+
+interface SecARouteChildren {
+  SecAIdRoute: typeof SecAIdRoute
+  SecAAboutRoute: typeof SecAAboutRoute
+  SecASettingsRoute: typeof SecASettingsRoute
+  SecAIndexRoute: typeof SecAIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecARouteChildren: SecARouteChildren = {
+  SecAIdRoute: SecAIdRoute,
+  SecAAboutRoute: SecAAboutRoute,
+  SecASettingsRoute: SecASettingsRoute,
+  SecAIndexRoute: SecAIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecARouteWithChildren = SecARoute._addFileChildren(SecARouteChildren)
+
+interface SecBRouteChildren {
+  SecBIdRoute: typeof SecBIdRoute
+  SecBAboutRoute: typeof SecBAboutRoute
+  SecBSettingsRoute: typeof SecBSettingsRoute
+  SecBIndexRoute: typeof SecBIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecBRouteChildren: SecBRouteChildren = {
+  SecBIdRoute: SecBIdRoute,
+  SecBAboutRoute: SecBAboutRoute,
+  SecBSettingsRoute: SecBSettingsRoute,
+  SecBIndexRoute: SecBIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecBRouteWithChildren = SecBRoute._addFileChildren(SecBRouteChildren)
+
+interface SecCRouteChildren {
+  SecCIdRoute: typeof SecCIdRoute
+  SecCAboutRoute: typeof SecCAboutRoute
+  SecCSettingsRoute: typeof SecCSettingsRoute
+  SecCIndexRoute: typeof SecCIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecCRouteChildren: SecCRouteChildren = {
+  SecCIdRoute: SecCIdRoute,
+  SecCAboutRoute: SecCAboutRoute,
+  SecCSettingsRoute: SecCSettingsRoute,
+  SecCIndexRoute: SecCIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecCRouteWithChildren = SecCRoute._addFileChildren(SecCRouteChildren)
+
+interface SecDRouteChildren {
+  SecDIdRoute: typeof SecDIdRoute
+  SecDAboutRoute: typeof SecDAboutRoute
+  SecDSettingsRoute: typeof SecDSettingsRoute
+  SecDIndexRoute: typeof SecDIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecDRouteChildren: SecDRouteChildren = {
+  SecDIdRoute: SecDIdRoute,
+  SecDAboutRoute: SecDAboutRoute,
+  SecDSettingsRoute: SecDSettingsRoute,
+  SecDIndexRoute: SecDIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecDRouteWithChildren = SecDRoute._addFileChildren(SecDRouteChildren)
+
+interface SecERouteChildren {
+  SecEIdRoute: typeof SecEIdRoute
+  SecEAboutRoute: typeof SecEAboutRoute
+  SecESettingsRoute: typeof SecESettingsRoute
+  SecEIndexRoute: typeof SecEIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecERouteChildren: SecERouteChildren = {
+  SecEIdRoute: SecEIdRoute,
+  SecEAboutRoute: SecEAboutRoute,
+  SecESettingsRoute: SecESettingsRoute,
+  SecEIndexRoute: SecEIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecERouteWithChildren = SecERoute._addFileChildren(SecERouteChildren)
+
+interface SecFRouteChildren {
+  SecFIdRoute: typeof SecFIdRoute
+  SecFAboutRoute: typeof SecFAboutRoute
+  SecFSettingsRoute: typeof SecFSettingsRoute
+  SecFIndexRoute: typeof SecFIndexRoute
+}
+
+const SecFRouteChildren: SecFRouteChildren = {
+  SecFIdRoute: SecFIdRoute,
+  SecFAboutRoute: SecFAboutRoute,
+  SecFSettingsRoute: SecFSettingsRoute,
+  SecFIndexRoute: SecFIndexRoute,
+}
+
+const SecFRouteWithChildren = SecFRoute._addFileChildren(SecFRouteChildren)
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  LayoutRoute: LayoutRouteWithChildren,
+  SecARoute: SecARouteWithChildren,
+  SecBRoute: SecBRouteWithChildren,
+  SecCRoute: SecCRouteWithChildren,
+  SecDRoute: SecDRouteWithChildren,
+  SecERoute: SecERouteWithChildren,
+  SecFRoute: SecFRouteWithChildren,
+  marketingPricingRoute: marketingPricingRoute,
+  marketingPromoRoute: marketingPromoRoute,
+  FilesSplatRoute: FilesSplatRoute,
+  ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route: ReleaseVChar123versionChar125Route,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/(marketing)/pricing.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/(marketing)/pricing.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f606c10b4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/(marketing)/pricing.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">pricing</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/(marketing)/pricing')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/(marketing)/promo.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/(marketing)/promo.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..61c3eb3ec9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/(marketing)/promo.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">promo</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/(marketing)/promo')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d2e1483106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const RootComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        <nav>
+          <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home">
+            Home
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/sec-a/$id"
+            params={{ id: 'item 11%' }}
+            data-testid="go-sec-a-id"
+          >
+            Sec A item
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/sec-f/settings" data-testid="go-sec-f-settings">
+            Sec F settings
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/files/$"
+            params={{ _splat: 'x/ü y/z' }}
+            data-testid="go-files"
+          >
+            Files
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/release/v{$version}"
+            params={{ version: '9' }}
+            data-testid="go-release"
+          >
+            Release
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/alpha" data-testid="go-alpha">
+            Alpha
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/promo" data-testid="go-promo">
+            Promo
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/sec-c/$id"
+            params={{ id: 'q&a+42' }}
+            data-testid="go-sec-c-id"
+          >
+            Sec C item
+          </Link>
+          <Link to="/sec-d/about" data-testid="go-sec-d-about">
+            Sec D about
+          </Link>
+        </nav>
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/_layout.alpha.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/_layout.alpha.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff6ad5350e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/_layout.alpha.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">alpha</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/_layout/alpha')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/_layout.beta.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/_layout.beta.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f7cab6c0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/_layout.beta.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">beta</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/_layout/beta')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/_layout.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/_layout.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e8221f0f65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/_layout.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Layout = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <Outlet />
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/_layout')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/files.$.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/files.$.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..221fae01be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/files.$.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <div data-testid="scale-state">{`files:${params.value._splat}`}</div>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/files/$')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b3e94f37c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">home</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/release.v{$version}.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/release.v{$version}.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86b1a2c8f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/release.v{$version}.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <div data-testid="scale-state">{`release:${params.value.version}`}</div>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/release/v{$version}')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..864074940d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-a:${params.value.id}`}</div>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..715ab9548c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-a:about</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..baef08547c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-a:index</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e6a56b913
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-a:settings</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a9fb557aea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-a.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Layout = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <Outlet />
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-a')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a03a8fe01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-b:${params.value.id}`}</div>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2ef1100995
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-b:about</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..652e5f895c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-b:index</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e8fa36377e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-b:settings</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ba31612633
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-b.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Layout = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <Outlet />
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-b')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f0407d84e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-c:${params.value.id}`}</div>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d26776d439
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-c:about</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1835eff9b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-c:index</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1bf85fd6d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-c:settings</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..009f814b93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-c.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Layout = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <Outlet />
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-c')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff5aab05e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-d:${params.value.id}`}</div>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25a8078626
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-d:about</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cd9b89664a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-d:index</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8e4309de32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-d:settings</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6b12b514da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-d.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Layout = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <Outlet />
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-d')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4525051967
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-e:${params.value.id}`}</div>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71a32bd36b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-e:about</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b467ca53e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-e:index</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a01066488c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-e:settings</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..38f4da91fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-e.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Layout = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <Outlet />
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-e')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.$id.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.$id.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c740f9d223
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.$id.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const params = Route.useParams()
+
+    return () => (
+      <div data-testid="scale-state">{`sec-f:${params.value.id}`}</div>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f/$id')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.about.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.about.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..229dab22a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.about.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-f:about</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f/about')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..14e3f46a13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-f:index</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f/')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.settings.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.settings.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..da2c7483b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.settings.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Page = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <div data-testid="scale-state">sec-f:settings</div>
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f/settings')({
+  component: Page,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b389c8144
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/src/routes/sec-f.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Outlet, createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const Layout = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => <Outlet />
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/sec-f')({
+  component: Layout,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7786fc3da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "vue",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a547406198
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/route-tree-scale/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'vue',
+      // Real file-based apps code-split by default; this scenario keeps it on
+      // so navigations also exercise lazy route-chunk resolution.
+      autoCodeSplitting: true,
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    vue(),
+    vueJsx(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav route-tree-scale (vue)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2d743f5f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-search-params-react",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/react-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/search-params/react/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..130583b190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'React',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c534611bd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-search-params', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-search-params navigation loop (react)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a68ef7bbb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+    defaultStructuralSharing: true,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const reactRoot = createRoot(container)
+  reactRoot.render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      reactRoot.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7380b704e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as ProductsRouteImport } from './routes/products'
+import { Route as CatalogRouteImport } from './routes/catalog'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+
+const ProductsRoute = ProductsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/products',
+  path: '/products',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const CatalogRoute = CatalogRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/catalog',
+  path: '/catalog',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/catalog': typeof CatalogRoute
+  '/products': typeof ProductsRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/catalog': typeof CatalogRoute
+  '/products': typeof ProductsRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/catalog': typeof CatalogRoute
+  '/products': typeof ProductsRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/catalog' | '/products'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/catalog' | '/products'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/catalog' | '/products'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  CatalogRoute: typeof CatalogRoute
+  ProductsRoute: typeof ProductsRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/react-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/products': {
+      id: '/products'
+      path: '/products'
+      fullPath: '/products'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ProductsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/catalog': {
+      id: '/catalog'
+      path: '/catalog'
+      fullPath: '/catalog'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof CatalogRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  CatalogRoute: CatalogRoute,
+  ProductsRoute: ProductsRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..86399d0175
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useSearch,
+} from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import {
+  changedCategories,
+  computeChecksum,
+  initialProductsSearch,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+const rootSubscribers = Array.from({ length: 4 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+function RootSearchSubscriber() {
+  const value = useSearch({
+    strict: false,
+    select: (search) => computeChecksum(Number(search.page ?? 0)),
+  })
+
+  void computeChecksum(value)
+  return null
+}
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      {rootSubscribers.map((index) => (
+        <RootSearchSubscriber key={`root-search-${index}`} />
+      ))}
+      <nav>
+        <Link
+          to="/"
+          data-testid="go-home"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/products"
+          search={initialProductsSearch}
+          data-testid="go-products"
+          activeProps={{ className: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Products
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          from="/products"
+          to="."
+          search={(prev) => ({ ...prev, page: prev.page + 1 })}
+          data-testid="products-next-page"
+        >
+          Next page
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          from="/products"
+          to="."
+          search={(prev) => ({
+            ...prev,
+            filters: { ...prev.filters, categories: changedCategories },
+          })}
+          data-testid="products-categories"
+        >
+          Change categories
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          from="/products"
+          to="."
+          search={(prev) => ({
+            ...prev,
+            sort: prev.sort === 'asc' ? 'desc' : 'asc',
+          })}
+          data-testid="products-sort"
+        >
+          Toggle sort
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          from="/products"
+          to="."
+          search={(prev) => ({ ...prev, page: 1, q: '' })}
+          data-testid="products-reset"
+        >
+          Reset
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/catalog"
+          search={true}
+          data-testid="go-catalog"
+          activeOptions={{ includeSearch: false }}
+        >
+          Catalog
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          from="/catalog"
+          to="."
+          search={(prev) => ({ ...prev, page: prev.page + 1 })}
+          data-testid="catalog-next-page"
+        >
+          Catalog next page
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/products"
+          search={{ q: 'reset' }}
+          data-testid="products-partial"
+        >
+          Products partial
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routes/catalog.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routes/catalog.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..73f59c13b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routes/catalog.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { createFileRoute, retainSearchParams } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import type { SearchSchemaInput } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import {
+  catalogMarkerText,
+  computeChecksum,
+  normalizeCatalogSearch,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/catalog')({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown> & SearchSchemaInput) =>
+    normalizeCatalogSearch(search),
+  search: {
+    middlewares: [retainSearchParams(['perPage', 'sort'])],
+  },
+  component: CatalogPage,
+})
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+function ViewSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useSearch({
+    select: (search) =>
+      computeChecksum(search.view.length * 5 + search.page * 11),
+  })
+
+  void computeChecksum(value)
+  return null
+}
+
+function CatalogPage() {
+  const search = Route.useSearch()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+        <ViewSubscriber key={`view-${index}`} />
+      ))}
+      <h1>Catalog</h1>
+      <div data-testid="catalog-state">{catalogMarkerText(search)}</div>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5879ad518d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1>Search Params Bench</h1>
+      <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routes/products.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routes/products.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d22e99c4bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/src/routes/products.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import {
+  createFileRoute,
+  retainSearchParams,
+  stripSearchParams,
+} from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import type { SearchSchemaInput } from '@tanstack/react-router'
+import {
+  computeChecksum,
+  normalizeProductsSearch,
+  productsLoaderChecksum,
+  productsMarkerText,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/products')({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown> & SearchSchemaInput) =>
+    normalizeProductsSearch(search),
+  search: {
+    middlewares: [
+      retainSearchParams(['perPage', 'sort']),
+      stripSearchParams({ page: 1 }),
+    ],
+  },
+  loaderDeps: ({ search }) => ({
+    page: search.page,
+    sort: search.sort,
+    filters: search.filters,
+  }),
+  loader: ({ deps }) => ({
+    checksum: productsLoaderChecksum(deps),
+  }),
+  staleTime: 1e9,
+  gcTime: 1e9,
+  component: ProductsPage,
+})
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+function PageSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useSearch({
+    select: (search) => computeChecksum(search.page * 31 + search.perPage),
+  })
+
+  void computeChecksum(value)
+  return null
+}
+
+function FiltersSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useSearch({
+    select: (search) =>
+      computeChecksum(
+        search.filters.categories.length * 7 +
+          (search.filters.price.max - search.filters.price.min) +
+          search.filters.tags.length * 3,
+      ),
+  })
+
+  void computeChecksum(value)
+  return null
+}
+
+function QuerySubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useSearch({
+    select: (search) =>
+      computeChecksum(search.q.length * 13 + search.sort.length),
+  })
+
+  void computeChecksum(value)
+  return null
+}
+
+function ProductsPage() {
+  const search = Route.useSearch()
+  const loaderData = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+        <PageSubscriber key={`page-${index}`} />
+      ))}
+      {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+        <FiltersSubscriber key={`filters-${index}`} />
+      ))}
+      {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+        <QuerySubscriber key={`query-${index}`} />
+      ))}
+      <h1>Products</h1>
+      <div data-testid="products-state">{productsMarkerText(search)}</div>
+      <p>{`checksum ${loaderData.checksum}`}</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d59cbb450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "react-jsx",
+    "jsxImportSource": "react",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b220ae7d0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/react/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'react',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    react(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav search-params (react)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/shared.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/shared.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..343e319ded
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/shared.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+/**
+ * Shared definition of the `search-params` scenario: search schema
+ * normalizers, the click sequence, and per-step sanity assertions. The three
+ * framework apps consume these builders so the workload is identical modulo
+ * the rendering layer.
+ *
+ * Isolates: validateSearch execution, search middlewares
+ * (retainSearchParams/stripSearchParams), parse/stringify of medium-complex
+ * search objects, functional search updaters, structural sharing, and
+ * useSearch selector subscriptions.
+ */
+
+import type { ScenarioStep } from '../harness'
+
+export function computeChecksum(seed: number) {
+  let value = Math.trunc(seed) | 0
+
+  for (let index = 0; index < 40; index++) {
+    value = (value * 1664525 + 1013904223 + index) >>> 0
+  }
+
+  return value
+}
+
+export interface ProductsSearch {
+  page: number
+  perPage: number
+  sort: 'asc' | 'desc'
+  q: string
+  filters: {
+    categories: Array<string>
+    price: { min: number; max: number }
+    tags: Array<string>
+  }
+}
+
+export interface CatalogSearch {
+  view: 'grid' | 'list'
+  page: number
+  perPage: number
+  sort: 'asc' | 'desc'
+}
+
+function normalizeNumber(value: unknown, fallback: number) {
+  const num = Number(value)
+  return Number.isFinite(num) && num >= 0 ? Math.trunc(num) : fallback
+}
+
+function normalizeString(value: unknown, fallback: string) {
+  return typeof value === 'string' ? value : fallback
+}
+
+function normalizeSort(value: unknown): 'asc' | 'desc' {
+  return value === 'desc' ? 'desc' : 'asc'
+}
+
+function normalizeStringArray(value: unknown): Array<string> {
+  if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
+    return []
+  }
+  return value.filter((entry): entry is string => typeof entry === 'string')
+}
+
+export function normalizeProductsSearch(
+  search: Record<string, unknown>,
+): ProductsSearch {
+  const filters =
+    typeof search.filters === 'object' && search.filters !== null
+      ? (search.filters as Record<string, unknown>)
+      : {}
+  const price =
+    typeof filters.price === 'object' && filters.price !== null
+      ? (filters.price as Record<string, unknown>)
+      : {}
+
+  return {
+    page: Math.max(1, normalizeNumber(search.page, 1)),
+    perPage: Math.max(1, normalizeNumber(search.perPage, 20)),
+    sort: normalizeSort(search.sort),
+    q: normalizeString(search.q, ''),
+    filters: {
+      categories: normalizeStringArray(filters.categories),
+      price: {
+        min: normalizeNumber(price.min, 0),
+        max: normalizeNumber(price.max, 1000),
+      },
+      tags: normalizeStringArray(filters.tags),
+    },
+  }
+}
+
+export function normalizeCatalogSearch(
+  search: Record<string, unknown>,
+): CatalogSearch {
+  return {
+    view: search.view === 'list' ? 'list' : 'grid',
+    page: Math.max(1, normalizeNumber(search.page, 1)),
+    perPage: Math.max(1, normalizeNumber(search.perPage, 20)),
+    sort: normalizeSort(search.sort),
+  }
+}
+
+export const initialProductsSearch = {
+  page: 2,
+  perPage: 50,
+  sort: 'desc',
+  q: 'gadget',
+  filters: {
+    categories: ['audio', 'video'],
+    price: { min: 10, max: 200 },
+    tags: ['new', 'sale'],
+  },
+} satisfies ProductsSearch
+
+export const changedCategories = ['x-ray', 'yield', 'zeta']
+
+export function productsMarkerText(search: ProductsSearch) {
+  return `${search.page}|${search.sort}|${search.filters.categories.join(',')}`
+}
+
+export function catalogMarkerText(search: CatalogSearch) {
+  return `${search.view}|${search.page}|${search.perPage}|${search.sort}`
+}
+
+export function productsLoaderChecksum(deps: {
+  page: number
+  sort: string
+  filters: ProductsSearch['filters']
+}) {
+  return computeChecksum(
+    deps.page * 31 +
+      deps.sort.length * 7 +
+      deps.filters.categories.join('').length * 13 +
+      deps.filters.tags.length * 3 +
+      (deps.filters.price.max - deps.filters.price.min),
+  )
+}
+
+export const steps: ReadonlyArray<ScenarioStep> = [
+  'go-products',
+  'products-next-page',
+  'products-categories',
+  'products-sort',
+  'products-reset',
+  'go-catalog',
+  'catalog-next-page',
+  'products-partial',
+  'go-home',
+]
+
+interface ExpectedState {
+  testId: string
+  text?: string
+}
+
+const expectedStates: ReadonlyArray<ExpectedState> = [
+  // Full search literal from home.
+  { testId: 'products-state', text: '2|desc|audio,video' },
+  // Functional updater bumping the page.
+  { testId: 'products-state', text: '3|desc|audio,video' },
+  // Functional updater replacing filters.categories.
+  { testId: 'products-state', text: '3|desc|x-ray,yield,zeta' },
+  // Functional updater flipping sort desc -> asc.
+  { testId: 'products-state', text: '3|asc|x-ray,yield,zeta' },
+  // Functional updater resetting page to 1 (stripSearchParams removes it).
+  { testId: 'products-state', text: '1|asc|x-ray,yield,zeta' },
+  // search: true carries the current products search into catalog.
+  { testId: 'catalog-state', text: 'grid|1|50|asc' },
+  // Functional updater bumping the catalog page.
+  { testId: 'catalog-state', text: 'grid|2|50|asc' },
+  // Partial search literal; retainSearchParams fills perPage/sort from catalog.
+  { testId: 'products-state', text: '1|asc|' },
+  { testId: 'home-state' },
+]
+
+export function assertStepResult(stepIndex: number, container: HTMLElement) {
+  const expected = expectedStates[stepIndex]!
+  const element = container.querySelector(`[data-testid="${expected.testId}"]`)
+
+  if (!element) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected marker "${expected.testId}" to exist after step ${stepIndex}`,
+    )
+  }
+
+  if (expected.text !== undefined && element.textContent !== expected.text) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Expected marker "${expected.testId}" to read "${expected.text}" after step ${stepIndex}, received "${element.textContent}"`,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+// Two laps through the 9-step sequence per benchmark iteration.
+export const ticksPerIteration = 18
+
+export const benchOptions = {
+  warmupIterations: 100,
+  time: 10_000,
+  throws: true,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..af48217e03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-search-params-solid",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/solid-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/search-params/solid/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a46971603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Solid',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..df6a24dc15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-search-params', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-search-params navigation loop (solid)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e95846e12d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import { render } from 'solid-js/web'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+    defaultStructuralSharing: true,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const unmount = render(() => <RouterProvider router={router} />, container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..96d211d64c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as ProductsRouteImport } from './routes/products'
+import { Route as CatalogRouteImport } from './routes/catalog'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+
+const ProductsRoute = ProductsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/products',
+  path: '/products',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const CatalogRoute = CatalogRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/catalog',
+  path: '/catalog',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/catalog': typeof CatalogRoute
+  '/products': typeof ProductsRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/catalog': typeof CatalogRoute
+  '/products': typeof ProductsRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/catalog': typeof CatalogRoute
+  '/products': typeof ProductsRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/catalog' | '/products'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/catalog' | '/products'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/catalog' | '/products'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  CatalogRoute: typeof CatalogRoute
+  ProductsRoute: typeof ProductsRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/solid-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/products': {
+      id: '/products'
+      path: '/products'
+      fullPath: '/products'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ProductsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/catalog': {
+      id: '/catalog'
+      path: '/catalog'
+      fullPath: '/catalog'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof CatalogRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  CatalogRoute: CatalogRoute,
+  ProductsRoute: ProductsRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30c042f9c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+import { createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import {
+  Link,
+  Outlet,
+  createRootRoute,
+  useSearch,
+} from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import {
+  changedCategories,
+  computeChecksum,
+  initialProductsSearch,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
+
+const rootSubscribers = Array.from({ length: 4 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+function PerfValue(props: { value: () => number }) {
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void props.value()
+  })
+
+  return null
+}
+
+function RootSearchSubscriber() {
+  const value = useSearch({
+    strict: false,
+    select: (search) => computeChecksum(Number(search.page ?? 0)),
+  })
+
+  return <PerfValue value={() => computeChecksum(value())} />
+}
+
+function RootComponent() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      {rootSubscribers.map(() => (
+        <RootSearchSubscriber />
+      ))}
+      <nav>
+        <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+          Home
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/products"
+          search={initialProductsSearch}
+          data-testid="go-products"
+          activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+        >
+          Products
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          from="/products"
+          to="."
+          search={(prev) => ({ ...prev, page: prev.page + 1 })}
+          data-testid="products-next-page"
+        >
+          Next page
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          from="/products"
+          to="."
+          search={(prev) => ({
+            ...prev,
+            filters: { ...prev.filters, categories: changedCategories },
+          })}
+          data-testid="products-categories"
+        >
+          Change categories
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          from="/products"
+          to="."
+          search={(prev) => ({
+            ...prev,
+            sort: prev.sort === 'asc' ? 'desc' : 'asc',
+          })}
+          data-testid="products-sort"
+        >
+          Toggle sort
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          from="/products"
+          to="."
+          search={(prev) => ({ ...prev, page: 1, q: '' })}
+          data-testid="products-reset"
+        >
+          Reset
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/catalog"
+          search={true}
+          data-testid="go-catalog"
+          activeOptions={{ includeSearch: false }}
+        >
+          Catalog
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          from="/catalog"
+          to="."
+          search={(prev) => ({ ...prev, page: prev.page + 1 })}
+          data-testid="catalog-next-page"
+        >
+          Catalog next page
+        </Link>
+        <Link
+          to="/products"
+          search={{ q: 'reset' }}
+          data-testid="products-partial"
+        >
+          Products partial
+        </Link>
+      </nav>
+      <Outlet />
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routes/catalog.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routes/catalog.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..60cf8e7896
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routes/catalog.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import { createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import { createFileRoute, retainSearchParams } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import type { SearchSchemaInput } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import {
+  catalogMarkerText,
+  computeChecksum,
+  normalizeCatalogSearch,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/catalog')({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown> & SearchSchemaInput) =>
+    normalizeCatalogSearch(search),
+  search: {
+    middlewares: [retainSearchParams(['perPage', 'sort'])],
+  },
+  component: CatalogPage,
+})
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+function PerfValue(props: { value: () => number }) {
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void props.value()
+  })
+
+  return null
+}
+
+function ViewSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useSearch({
+    select: (search) =>
+      computeChecksum(search.view.length * 5 + search.page * 11),
+  })
+
+  return <PerfValue value={() => computeChecksum(value())} />
+}
+
+function CatalogPage() {
+  const search = Route.useSearch()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      {subscriberIndexes.map(() => (
+        <ViewSubscriber />
+      ))}
+      <h1>Catalog</h1>
+      <div data-testid="catalog-state">{catalogMarkerText(search())}</div>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0bbb913d83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
+
+function HomePage() {
+  return (
+    <main>
+      <h1>Search Params Bench</h1>
+      <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routes/products.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routes/products.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8b2a252155
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/src/routes/products.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import { createRenderEffect } from 'solid-js'
+import {
+  createFileRoute,
+  retainSearchParams,
+  stripSearchParams,
+} from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import type { SearchSchemaInput } from '@tanstack/solid-router'
+import {
+  computeChecksum,
+  normalizeProductsSearch,
+  productsLoaderChecksum,
+  productsMarkerText,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/products')({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown> & SearchSchemaInput) =>
+    normalizeProductsSearch(search),
+  search: {
+    middlewares: [
+      retainSearchParams(['perPage', 'sort']),
+      stripSearchParams({ page: 1 }),
+    ],
+  },
+  loaderDeps: ({ search }) => ({
+    page: search.page,
+    sort: search.sort,
+    filters: search.filters,
+  }),
+  loader: ({ deps }) => ({
+    checksum: productsLoaderChecksum(deps),
+  }),
+  staleTime: 1e9,
+  gcTime: 1e9,
+  component: ProductsPage,
+})
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+function PerfValue(props: { value: () => number }) {
+  createRenderEffect(() => {
+    void props.value()
+  })
+
+  return null
+}
+
+function PageSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useSearch({
+    select: (search) => computeChecksum(search.page * 31 + search.perPage),
+  })
+
+  return <PerfValue value={() => computeChecksum(value())} />
+}
+
+function FiltersSubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useSearch({
+    select: (search) =>
+      computeChecksum(
+        search.filters.categories.length * 7 +
+          (search.filters.price.max - search.filters.price.min) +
+          search.filters.tags.length * 3,
+      ),
+  })
+
+  return <PerfValue value={() => computeChecksum(value())} />
+}
+
+function QuerySubscriber() {
+  const value = Route.useSearch({
+    select: (search) =>
+      computeChecksum(search.q.length * 13 + search.sort.length),
+  })
+
+  return <PerfValue value={() => computeChecksum(value())} />
+}
+
+function ProductsPage() {
+  const search = Route.useSearch()
+  const loaderData = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+  return (
+    <main>
+      {subscriberIndexes.map(() => (
+        <PageSubscriber />
+      ))}
+      {subscriberIndexes.map(() => (
+        <FiltersSubscriber />
+      ))}
+      {subscriberIndexes.map(() => (
+        <QuerySubscriber />
+      ))}
+      <h1>Products</h1>
+      <div data-testid="products-state">{productsMarkerText(search())}</div>
+      <p>{`checksum ${loaderData().checksum}`}</p>
+    </main>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98d76ad6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "solid-js",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c2f4b32806
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'solid',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    solid({ hot: false, dev: false }),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  resolve: {
+    conditions: ['solid', 'browser'],
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav search-params (solid)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+    server: {
+      deps: {
+        inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/project.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/project.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47b9712a2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/project.json
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  "name": "@benchmarks/client-nav-search-params-vue",
+  "projectType": "application",
+  "targets": {
+    "build:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production vite build --config {projectRoot}/vite.config.ts"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:types:client": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "dependsOn": [
+        {
+          "projects": ["@tanstack/vue-router", "@tanstack/router-plugin"],
+          "target": "build"
+        }
+      ],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "tsc -p {projectRoot}/tsconfig.json --noEmit"
+      }
+    },
+    "test:flame": {
+      "executor": "nx:run-commands",
+      "cache": false,
+      "dependsOn": ["build:client"],
+      "options": {
+        "command": "NODE_ENV=production flame run --md-format=detailed --delay=none --node-options=\"--stack-size=65500\" ./scenarios/search-params/vue/speed.flame.ts",
+        "cwd": "benchmarks/client-nav"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/setup.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/setup.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..97b74b3892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/setup.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createScenarioSetup } from '../../harness'
+import { assertStepResult, steps } from '../shared'
+import type * as App from './src/main'
+
+const appModulePath = './dist/app.js'
+const { mountTestApp } = (await import(
+  /* @vite-ignore */ appModulePath
+)) as typeof App
+
+export function setup() {
+  return createScenarioSetup({
+    frameworkLabel: 'Vue',
+    mount: mountTestApp,
+    steps,
+    assertAfterStep: assertStepResult,
+  })
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/speed.bench.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/speed.bench.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0b394bbe27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/speed.bench.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, bench, describe } from 'vitest'
+import { benchOptions, ticksPerIteration } from '../shared'
+import { setup } from './setup'
+
+describe('client-search-params', () => {
+  const test = setup()
+
+  /**
+   * Running `vitest bench` ignores "suite hooks" like `beforeAll` and `afterAll`,
+   * so we use tinybench's `setup` and `teardown` options to run our setup and teardown logic.
+   *
+   * But CodSpeed calls the benchmarked function directly, bypassing `setup` and `teardown`,
+   * but it does support `beforeAll` and `afterAll`.
+   *
+   * So it looks like we're setting up in duplicate, but in reality, it's only running once per environment, as intended.
+   */
+
+  beforeAll(test.before)
+  afterAll(test.after)
+
+  bench(
+    'client-search-params navigation loop (vue)',
+    async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < ticksPerIteration; i++) {
+        await test.tick()
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      ...benchOptions,
+      setup: test.before,
+      teardown: test.after,
+    },
+  )
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/speed.flame.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/speed.flame.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4a0b4e6ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/speed.flame.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { window } from '../../../jsdom.ts'
+import { setup } from './setup.ts'
+
+const DURATION_MS = 10_000
+
+const test = setup()
+
+try {
+  await test.before()
+
+  const startedAt = performance.now()
+  while (performance.now() - startedAt < DURATION_MS) {
+    await test.tick()
+  }
+} finally {
+  test.after()
+  window.close()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/main.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1454b8d547
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { RouterProvider, createRouter } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import { routeTree } from './routeTree.gen'
+
+export function createTestRouter() {
+  return createRouter({
+    routeTree,
+    scrollRestoration: true,
+    // Key the scroll-restoration cache by pathname instead of the default
+    // random per-entry location key: with push navigations the default mints
+    // a fresh key per navigation and the module-level cache grows one entry
+    // per push for the whole run, which is non-stationary.
+    getScrollRestorationKey: (location) => location.pathname,
+    defaultStructuralSharing: true,
+  })
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface Register {
+    router: ReturnType<typeof createTestRouter>
+  }
+}
+
+export function mountTestApp(container: HTMLElement) {
+  const router = createTestRouter()
+
+  const component = <RouterProvider router={router} />
+  const app = Vue.createApp({
+    render: () => component,
+  })
+
+  app.mount(container)
+
+  return {
+    router,
+    unmount() {
+      app.unmount()
+    },
+  }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b95b667803
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routeTree.gen.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+// @ts-nocheck
+
+// noinspection JSUnusedGlobalSymbols
+
+// This file was automatically generated by TanStack Router.
+// You should NOT make any changes in this file as it will be overwritten.
+// Additionally, you should also exclude this file from your linter and/or formatter to prevent it from being checked or modified.
+
+import { Route as rootRouteImport } from './routes/__root'
+import { Route as ProductsRouteImport } from './routes/products'
+import { Route as CatalogRouteImport } from './routes/catalog'
+import { Route as IndexRouteImport } from './routes/index'
+
+const ProductsRoute = ProductsRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/products',
+  path: '/products',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const CatalogRoute = CatalogRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/catalog',
+  path: '/catalog',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+const IndexRoute = IndexRouteImport.update({
+  id: '/',
+  path: '/',
+  getParentRoute: () => rootRouteImport,
+} as any)
+
+export interface FileRoutesByFullPath {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/catalog': typeof CatalogRoute
+  '/products': typeof ProductsRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesByTo {
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/catalog': typeof CatalogRoute
+  '/products': typeof ProductsRoute
+}
+export interface FileRoutesById {
+  __root__: typeof rootRouteImport
+  '/': typeof IndexRoute
+  '/catalog': typeof CatalogRoute
+  '/products': typeof ProductsRoute
+}
+export interface FileRouteTypes {
+  fileRoutesByFullPath: FileRoutesByFullPath
+  fullPaths: '/' | '/catalog' | '/products'
+  fileRoutesByTo: FileRoutesByTo
+  to: '/' | '/catalog' | '/products'
+  id: '__root__' | '/' | '/catalog' | '/products'
+  fileRoutesById: FileRoutesById
+}
+export interface RootRouteChildren {
+  IndexRoute: typeof IndexRoute
+  CatalogRoute: typeof CatalogRoute
+  ProductsRoute: typeof ProductsRoute
+}
+
+declare module '@tanstack/vue-router' {
+  interface FileRoutesByPath {
+    '/products': {
+      id: '/products'
+      path: '/products'
+      fullPath: '/products'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof ProductsRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/catalog': {
+      id: '/catalog'
+      path: '/catalog'
+      fullPath: '/catalog'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof CatalogRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+    '/': {
+      id: '/'
+      path: '/'
+      fullPath: '/'
+      preLoaderRoute: typeof IndexRouteImport
+      parentRoute: typeof rootRouteImport
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const rootRouteChildren: RootRouteChildren = {
+  IndexRoute: IndexRoute,
+  CatalogRoute: CatalogRoute,
+  ProductsRoute: ProductsRoute,
+}
+export const routeTree = rootRouteImport
+  ._addFileChildren(rootRouteChildren)
+  ._addFileTypes<FileRouteTypes>()
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b4cb07f2ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routes/__root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { Link, Outlet, createRootRoute, useSearch } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import {
+  changedCategories,
+  computeChecksum,
+  initialProductsSearch,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+const rootSubscribers = Array.from({ length: 4 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+const RootSearchSubscriber = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = useSearch({
+      strict: false,
+      select: (search) => computeChecksum(Number(search.page ?? 0)),
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      void computeChecksum(value.value)
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const RootComponent = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <>
+        {rootSubscribers.map((index) => (
+          <RootSearchSubscriber key={`root-search-${index}`} />
+        ))}
+        <nav>
+          <Link to="/" data-testid="go-home" activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}>
+            Home
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/products"
+            search={initialProductsSearch}
+            data-testid="go-products"
+            activeProps={{ class: 'active' }}
+          >
+            Products
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            from="/products"
+            to="."
+            search={(prev) => ({ ...prev, page: prev.page + 1 })}
+            data-testid="products-next-page"
+          >
+            Next page
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            from="/products"
+            to="."
+            search={(prev) => ({
+              ...prev,
+              filters: { ...prev.filters, categories: changedCategories },
+            })}
+            data-testid="products-categories"
+          >
+            Change categories
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            from="/products"
+            to="."
+            search={(prev) => ({
+              ...prev,
+              sort: prev.sort === 'asc' ? 'desc' : 'asc',
+            })}
+            data-testid="products-sort"
+          >
+            Toggle sort
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            from="/products"
+            to="."
+            search={(prev) => ({ ...prev, page: 1, q: '' })}
+            data-testid="products-reset"
+          >
+            Reset
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/catalog"
+            search={true}
+            data-testid="go-catalog"
+            activeOptions={{ includeSearch: false }}
+          >
+            Catalog
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            from="/catalog"
+            to="."
+            search={(prev) => ({ ...prev, page: prev.page + 1 })}
+            data-testid="catalog-next-page"
+          >
+            Catalog next page
+          </Link>
+          <Link
+            to="/products"
+            search={{ q: 'reset' }}
+            data-testid="products-partial"
+          >
+            Products partial
+          </Link>
+        </nav>
+        <Outlet />
+      </>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createRootRoute({
+  component: RootComponent,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routes/catalog.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routes/catalog.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a09efdd4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routes/catalog.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute, retainSearchParams } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import type { SearchSchemaInput } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import {
+  catalogMarkerText,
+  computeChecksum,
+  normalizeCatalogSearch,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+const ViewSubscriber = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useSearch({
+      select: (search) =>
+        computeChecksum(search.view.length * 5 + search.page * 11),
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      void computeChecksum(value.value)
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const CatalogPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const search = Route.useSearch()
+
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+          <ViewSubscriber key={`view-${index}`} />
+        ))}
+        <h1>Catalog</h1>
+        <div data-testid="catalog-state">{catalogMarkerText(search.value)}</div>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/catalog')({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown> & SearchSchemaInput) =>
+    normalizeCatalogSearch(search),
+  search: {
+    middlewares: [retainSearchParams(['perPage', 'sort'])],
+  },
+  component: CatalogPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routes/index.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..081aa7b4fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routes/index.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import { createFileRoute } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+
+const HomePage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        <h1>Search Params Bench</h1>
+        <div data-testid="home-state">home</div>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/')({
+  component: HomePage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routes/products.tsx b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routes/products.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8be1683e14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/src/routes/products.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+import * as Vue from 'vue'
+import {
+  createFileRoute,
+  retainSearchParams,
+  stripSearchParams,
+} from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import type { SearchSchemaInput } from '@tanstack/vue-router'
+import {
+  computeChecksum,
+  normalizeProductsSearch,
+  productsLoaderChecksum,
+  productsMarkerText,
+} from '../../../shared'
+
+const subscriberIndexes = Array.from({ length: 2 }, (_, index) => index)
+
+const PageSubscriber = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useSearch({
+      select: (search) => computeChecksum(search.page * 31 + search.perPage),
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      void computeChecksum(value.value)
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const FiltersSubscriber = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useSearch({
+      select: (search) =>
+        computeChecksum(
+          search.filters.categories.length * 7 +
+            (search.filters.price.max - search.filters.price.min) +
+            search.filters.tags.length * 3,
+        ),
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      void computeChecksum(value.value)
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const QuerySubscriber = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const value = Route.useSearch({
+      select: (search) =>
+        computeChecksum(search.q.length * 13 + search.sort.length),
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      void computeChecksum(value.value)
+      return null
+    }
+  },
+})
+
+const ProductsPage = Vue.defineComponent({
+  setup() {
+    const search = Route.useSearch()
+    const loaderData = Route.useLoaderData()
+
+    return () => (
+      <main>
+        {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+          <PageSubscriber key={`page-${index}`} />
+        ))}
+        {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+          <FiltersSubscriber key={`filters-${index}`} />
+        ))}
+        {subscriberIndexes.map((index) => (
+          <QuerySubscriber key={`query-${index}`} />
+        ))}
+        <h1>Products</h1>
+        <div data-testid="products-state">
+          {productsMarkerText(search.value)}
+        </div>
+        <p>{`checksum ${loaderData.value.checksum}`}</p>
+      </main>
+    )
+  },
+})
+
+export const Route = createFileRoute('/products')({
+  validateSearch: (search: Record<string, unknown> & SearchSchemaInput) =>
+    normalizeProductsSearch(search),
+  search: {
+    middlewares: [
+      retainSearchParams(['perPage', 'sort']),
+      stripSearchParams({ page: 1 }),
+    ],
+  },
+  loaderDeps: ({ search }) => ({
+    page: search.page,
+    sort: search.sort,
+    filters: search.filters,
+  }),
+  loader: ({ deps }) => ({
+    checksum: productsLoaderChecksum(deps),
+  }),
+  staleTime: 1e9,
+  gcTime: 1e9,
+  component: ProductsPage,
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/tsconfig.json b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7786fc3da9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+  "extends": "../../../../../tsconfig.json",
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "jsx": "preserve",
+    "jsxImportSource": "vue",
+    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+    "types": ["node", "vite/client", "vitest/globals"]
+  },
+  "include": [
+    "speed.bench.ts",
+    "speed.flame.ts",
+    "setup.ts",
+    "vite.config.ts",
+    "../shared.ts",
+    "../../harness.ts",
+    "../../../setup-helpers.ts",
+    "../../../jsdom.ts",
+    "../../../vitest.setup.ts",
+    "./src/**/*"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a3b82d066
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/scenarios/search-params/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
+import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
+import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
+import { tanstackRouter } from '@tanstack/router-plugin/vite'
+
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('.', import.meta.url))
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
+  define: {
+    'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
+  },
+  plugins: [
+    !!(process.env.VITEST && process.env.WITH_INSTRUMENTATION) &&
+      codspeedPlugin(),
+    tanstackRouter({
+      target: 'vue',
+      routesDirectory: `${rootDir}src/routes`,
+      generatedRouteTree: `${rootDir}src/routeTree.gen.ts`,
+    }),
+    vue(),
+    vueJsx(),
+  ],
+  build: {
+    outDir: './dist',
+    emptyOutDir: true,
+    minify: false,
+    lib: {
+      entry: './src/main.tsx',
+      formats: ['es'],
+      fileName: 'app',
+    },
+  },
+  test: {
+    name: '@benchmarks/client-nav search-params (vue)',
+    watch: false,
+    environment: 'jsdom',
+    setupFiles: ['../../../vitest.setup.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/solid/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/solid/vite.config.ts
index 24db8fe745..bd11fe8de9 100644
--- a/benchmarks/client-nav/solid/vite.config.ts
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/solid/vite.config.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
 import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
 import solid from 'vite-plugin-solid'
 import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
 
+// Anchor the project root to the package directory so this config resolves
+// identically when run directly and as part of an aggregate `projects` config.
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('..', import.meta.url))
+
 export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
   define: {
     'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
   },
@@ -28,7 +34,7 @@ export default defineConfig({
     name: '@benchmarks/client-nav (solid)',
     watch: false,
     environment: 'jsdom',
-    setupFiles: ['./vitest.setup.ts'],
+    setupFiles: [`${rootDir}vitest.setup.ts`],
     server: {
       deps: {
         inline: [/@solidjs/, /@tanstack\/solid-store/],
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.config.ts
index 14776452ed..808e7fc724 100644
--- a/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.config.ts
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.config.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ export default defineConfig({
       './react/vite.config.ts',
       './solid/vite.config.ts',
       './vue/vite.config.ts',
+      './scenarios/*/react/vite.config.ts',
+      './scenarios/*/solid/vite.config.ts',
+      './scenarios/*/vue/vite.config.ts',
     ],
   },
 })
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.react.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.react.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a397ad929e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.react.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  test: {
+    watch: false,
+    projects: ['./react/vite.config.ts', './scenarios/*/react/vite.config.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.solid.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.solid.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b8827b86aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.solid.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  test: {
+    watch: false,
+    projects: ['./solid/vite.config.ts', './scenarios/*/solid/vite.config.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.vue.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.vue.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..17960d7569
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/vitest.vue.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  test: {
+    watch: false,
+    projects: ['./vue/vite.config.ts', './scenarios/*/vue/vite.config.ts'],
+  },
+})
diff --git a/benchmarks/client-nav/vue/vite.config.ts b/benchmarks/client-nav/vue/vite.config.ts
index d917c82e2d..4c44c09fdd 100644
--- a/benchmarks/client-nav/vue/vite.config.ts
+++ b/benchmarks/client-nav/vue/vite.config.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
 import { defineConfig } from 'vitest/config'
 import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
 import vueJsx from '@vitejs/plugin-vue-jsx'
 import codspeedPlugin from '@codspeed/vitest-plugin'
 
+// Anchor the project root to the package directory so this config resolves
+// identically when run directly and as part of an aggregate `projects` config.
+const rootDir = fileURLToPath(new URL('..', import.meta.url))
+
 export default defineConfig({
+  root: rootDir,
   define: {
     'process.env.NODE_ENV': JSON.stringify('production'),
   },
@@ -27,6 +33,6 @@ export default defineConfig({
     name: '@benchmarks/client-nav (vue)',
     watch: false,
     environment: 'jsdom',
-    setupFiles: ['./vitest.setup.ts'],
+    setupFiles: [`${rootDir}vitest.setup.ts`],
   },
 })
diff --git a/pnpm-lock.yaml b/pnpm-lock.yaml
index 62525d6c48..96847b4044 100644
--- a/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -285,6 +285,9 @@ importers:
       '@platformatic/flame':
         specifier: ^1.6.0
         version: 1.6.0
+      '@tanstack/router-plugin':
+        specifier: workspace:*
+        version: link:../../packages/router-plugin
       '@testing-library/react':
         specifier: ^16.2.0
         version: 16.3.0(@testing-library/dom@10.4.1)(@types/react-dom@19.2.3(@types/react@19.2.9))(@types/react@19.2.9)(react-dom@19.2.3(react@19.2.3))(react@19.2.3)