diff --git a/pulsar-broker/src/main/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/service/nonpersistent/NonPersistentTopic.java b/pulsar-broker/src/main/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/service/nonpersistent/NonPersistentTopic.java
index 0b1f377f6afec..d23779312439f 100644
--- a/pulsar-broker/src/main/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/service/nonpersistent/NonPersistentTopic.java
+++ b/pulsar-broker/src/main/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/service/nonpersistent/NonPersistentTopic.java
@@ -973,7 +973,13 @@ public CompletableFuture<MessageId> getLastMessageId() {
     @Override
     public CompletableFuture<Void> addSchemaIfIdleOrCheckCompatible(SchemaData schema) {
         return hasSchema().thenCompose((hasSchema) -> {
-            if (hasSchema || isActive() || ENTRIES_ADDED_COUNTER_UPDATER.get(this) != 0) {
+            int numActiveConsumers = subscriptions.values().stream()
+                    .mapToInt(subscription -> subscription.getConsumers().size())
+                    .sum();
+            if (hasSchema
+                    || (!producers.isEmpty())
+                    || (numActiveConsumers != 0)
+                    || ENTRIES_ADDED_COUNTER_UPDATER.get(this) != 0) {
                 return checkSchemaCompatibleForConsumer(schema);
             } else {
                 return addSchema(schema).thenCompose(schemaVersion -> CompletableFuture.completedFuture(null));
diff --git a/pulsar-broker/src/main/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/service/persistent/PersistentTopic.java b/pulsar-broker/src/main/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/service/persistent/PersistentTopic.java
index 25efc0f946465..3ef1b9e945e65 100644
--- a/pulsar-broker/src/main/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/service/persistent/PersistentTopic.java
+++ b/pulsar-broker/src/main/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/service/persistent/PersistentTopic.java
@@ -2510,8 +2510,13 @@ private int getMessageTTL() throws Exception {
     public CompletableFuture<Void> addSchemaIfIdleOrCheckCompatible(SchemaData schema) {
         return hasSchema()
             .thenCompose((hasSchema) -> {
-                if (hasSchema || isActive(InactiveTopicDeleteMode.delete_when_no_subscriptions)
-                        || ledger.getTotalSize() != 0) {
+                int numActiveConsumers = subscriptions.values().stream()
+                        .mapToInt(subscription -> subscription.getConsumers().size())
+                        .sum();
+                if (hasSchema
+                        || (!producers.isEmpty())
+                        || (numActiveConsumers != 0)
+                        || (ledger.getTotalSize() != 0)) {
                     return checkSchemaCompatibleForConsumer(schema);
                 } else {
                     return addSchema(schema).thenCompose(schemaVersion ->
diff --git a/pulsar-broker/src/test/java/org/apache/pulsar/client/api/SimpleSchemaTest.java b/pulsar-broker/src/test/java/org/apache/pulsar/client/api/SimpleSchemaTest.java
index 6e6e09973d199..f670ef19da2ef 100644
--- a/pulsar-broker/src/test/java/org/apache/pulsar/client/api/SimpleSchemaTest.java
+++ b/pulsar-broker/src/test/java/org/apache/pulsar/client/api/SimpleSchemaTest.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 import static org.testng.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.testng.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.testng.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.testng.Assert.fail;
 
 import org.apache.avro.reflect.ReflectData;
 import org.apache.avro.Schema.Parser;
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@
 import org.apache.pulsar.common.schema.KeyValue;
 import org.apache.pulsar.common.schema.KeyValueEncodingType;
 import org.apache.pulsar.common.schema.SchemaInfo;
+import org.apache.pulsar.common.schema.SchemaType;
 import org.testng.Assert;
 import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
@@ -74,6 +76,11 @@ public static Object[][] schemaValidationModes() {
         return new Object[][] { { true }, { false } };
     }
 
+    @DataProvider(name = "topicDomain")
+    public static Object[] topicDomain() {
+        return new Object[] { "persistent://", "non-persistent://" };
+    }
+
     private final boolean schemaValidationEnforced;
 
     @Factory(dataProvider = "schemaValidationModes")
@@ -429,7 +436,7 @@ public void newConsumerWithSchemaOnExistingTopicWithoutSchema() throws Exception
 
         try (Producer<byte[]> p = pulsarClient.newProducer().topic(topic).create();
              Consumer<V1Data> c = pulsarClient.newConsumer(Schema.AVRO(V1Data.class))
-                .topic(topic).subscriptionName("sub1").subscribe()) {
+                     .topic(topic).subscriptionName("sub1").subscribe()) {
             Assert.fail("Shouldn't be able to consume with a schema from a topic which has no schema set");
         } catch (PulsarClientException e) {
             Assert.assertTrue(e instanceof IncompatibleSchemaException);
@@ -636,4 +643,34 @@ public void testGetSchemaByVersion() throws PulsarClientException, PulsarAdminEx
         Assert.assertTrue(binaryLookupService.getSchema(TopicName.get(topic), ByteBuffer.allocate(8).putLong(0).array()).get().isPresent());
         Assert.assertTrue(binaryLookupService.getSchema(TopicName.get(topic), ByteBuffer.allocate(8).putLong(1).array()).get().isPresent());
     }
+
+    @Test(dataProvider = "topicDomain")
+    public void testAutoCreatedSchema(String domain) throws Exception {
+        final String topic1 = domain + "my-property/my-ns/testAutoCreatedSchema-1";
+        final String topic2 = domain + "my-property/my-ns/testAutoCreatedSchema-2";
+
+        pulsarClient.newProducer(Schema.BYTES).topic(topic1).create().close();
+        try {
+            // BYTES schema is treated as no schema
+            admin.schemas().getSchemaInfo(topic1);
+            fail("The schema of topic1 should not exist");
+        } catch (PulsarAdminException e) {
+            Assert.assertEquals(e.getStatusCode(), 404);
+        }
+        pulsarClient.newProducer(Schema.STRING).topic(topic1).create().close();
+        // topic1's schema becomes STRING now
+        Assert.assertEquals(admin.schemas().getSchemaInfo(topic1).getType(), SchemaType.STRING);
+
+        pulsarClient.newConsumer(Schema.BYTES).topic(topic2).subscriptionName("sub").subscribe().close();
+        try {
+            // BYTES schema is treated as no schema
+            admin.schemas().getSchemaInfo(topic2);
+            fail("The schema of topic2 should not exist");
+        } catch (PulsarAdminException e) {
+            Assert.assertEquals(e.getStatusCode(), 404);
+        }
+        pulsarClient.newConsumer(Schema.STRING).topic(topic2).subscriptionName("sub").subscribe().close();
+        // topic2's schema becomes STRING now.
+        Assert.assertEquals(admin.schemas().getSchemaInfo(topic2).getType(), SchemaType.STRING);
+    }
 }