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HTML Guideline

Folder structure

The following folder structure is strongly recommended:

  • /images/
  • /javascripts/
  • /stylesheets/
  • index.html

The fonts folder must either be placed inside the stylesheets or root folder.

Doctype

  • The doctype must be declared as first line in the document.
  • The HTML doctype should be used like this, but may as well be used in just lower case:
<!DOCTYPE html>

Element names (tags)

  • HTML tags and HTML attributes must be written in lower case
  • Attributes must be quoted.
  • The = sign must not be enclosed with spaces when used for attributes.

Bad:

<p class = "paragraph">Some text</p>
  • All non-empty tags must be closed:
<section id="section">
    <p>Some text</p>
</section>
  • Empty tags may be closed but do not have to:
<meta charset="utf-8">
  • The <html>, <head> and <body> tags must not be omitted.

Viewport

  • The <meta> viewport must be set if the website should be accessible for smartphones and tablets.
  • A possible and recommended viewport <meta> is:
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

CSS and JavaScript

  • Inline CSS must be avoided if possible.
  • CSS and JavaScript must only be used in an external file, if possible.

File

  • A pure HTML file must have the .html extension.

Source