diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 4b1b1274..f672ae5b 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
     <name>DashScope Java SDK</name>
     <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
     <artifactId>dashscope-sdk-java</artifactId>
-    <version>2.22.26</version>
+    <version>2.22.27</version>
 
     <properties>
         <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/alibaba/dashscope/common/DashScopeResult.java b/src/main/java/com/alibaba/dashscope/common/DashScopeResult.java
index ad71ae6d..2e58dce7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/alibaba/dashscope/common/DashScopeResult.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/alibaba/dashscope/common/DashScopeResult.java
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 import com.alibaba.dashscope.utils.ApiKeywords;
 import com.alibaba.dashscope.utils.EncryptionUtils;
 import com.alibaba.dashscope.utils.JsonUtils;
+import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
 import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -16,7 +17,9 @@
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import lombok.Data;
 import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 
+@Slf4j
 @Data
 @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
 public class DashScopeResult extends Result {
@@ -34,110 +37,37 @@ protected <T extends Result> T fromResponse(Protocol protocol, NetworkResponse r
     this.setHeaders(changeHeaders(response.getHeaders()));
     if (protocol == Protocol.WEBSOCKET) {
       if (response.getBinary() == null) {
-        JsonObject jsonObject = JsonUtils.parse(response.getMessage());
-        if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.HEADER)) {
-          JsonObject headers = jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.HEADER).getAsJsonObject();
-          if (headers.has(ApiKeywords.TASKID)) {
-            this.setRequestId(headers.get(ApiKeywords.TASKID).getAsString());
-          }
-          // Extract status_code, code and message from header
-          if (headers.has(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE)) {
-            this.setStatusCode(
-                headers.get(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE).isJsonNull()
-                    ? null
-                    : headers.get(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE).getAsInt());
-          } else {
-            // Set default status code
-            this.setStatusCode(200);
-          }
-          if (headers.has(ApiKeywords.ERROR_CODE)) {
-            this.setCode(
-                headers.get(ApiKeywords.ERROR_CODE).isJsonNull()
-                    ? ""
-                    : headers.get(ApiKeywords.ERROR_CODE).getAsString());
-          } else {
-            // Set default empty string for successful responses
-            this.setCode("");
-          }
-          if (headers.has(ApiKeywords.ERROR_MESSAGE)) {
-            this.setMessage(
-                headers.get(ApiKeywords.ERROR_MESSAGE).isJsonNull()
-                    ? ""
-                    : headers.get(ApiKeywords.ERROR_MESSAGE).getAsString());
-          } else {
-            // Set default empty string for successful responses
-            this.setMessage("");
-          }
-        }
-        if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.PAYLOAD)) {
-          JsonObject payload = jsonObject.getAsJsonObject(ApiKeywords.PAYLOAD);
-          if (payload.has(ApiKeywords.OUTPUT)) {
-            this.output =
-                payload.get(ApiKeywords.OUTPUT).isJsonNull()
-                    ? null
-                    : payload.get(ApiKeywords.OUTPUT);
-          }
-          if (payload.has(ApiKeywords.USAGE)) {
-            this.setUsage(
-                payload.get(ApiKeywords.USAGE).isJsonNull()
-                    ? null
-                    : payload.get(ApiKeywords.USAGE));
-          }
+        String message = response.getMessage();
+        if (message == null || message.isEmpty()) {
+          log.warn(
+              "WebSocket response message is null or empty, httpStatusCode: {}",
+              response.getHttpStatusCode());
+          setInternalError();
+          return (T) this;
         }
+        fromWebSocketMessage(message);
       } else {
         this.output = response.getBinary();
       }
     } else {
-      JsonObject jsonObject = JsonUtils.parse(response.getMessage());
-      // Set HTTP status code if available
+      String message = response.getMessage();
+      if (message == null || message.isEmpty()) {
+        log.warn(
+            "HTTP response message is null or empty, httpStatusCode: {}",
+            response.getHttpStatusCode());
+        setInternalError();
+        return (T) this;
+      }
+      JsonObject jsonObject = parseJson(message, "Failed to parse HTTP response as JSON: {}");
+      if (jsonObject == null) {
+        return (T) this;
+      }
       if (response.getHttpStatusCode() != null) {
         this.setStatusCode(response.getHttpStatusCode());
       }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.OUTPUT)) {
-        this.output =
-            jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.OUTPUT).isJsonNull()
-                ? null
-                : jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.OUTPUT).getAsJsonObject();
-      }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.USAGE)) {
-        this.setUsage(
-            jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.USAGE).isJsonNull()
-                ? null
-                : jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.USAGE).getAsJsonObject());
-      }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.REQUEST_ID)) {
-        this.setRequestId(jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.REQUEST_ID).getAsString());
-      }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE)) {
-        this.setStatusCode(
-            jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE).isJsonNull()
-                ? null
-                : jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE).getAsInt());
-      }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.CODE)) {
-        this.setCode(
-            jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.CODE).isJsonNull()
-                ? ""
-                : jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.CODE).getAsString());
-      } else {
-        // Set default empty string for successful responses
-        this.setCode("");
-      }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.MESSAGE)) {
-        this.setMessage(
-            jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.MESSAGE).isJsonNull()
-                ? ""
-                : jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.MESSAGE).getAsString());
-      } else {
-        // Set default empty string for successful responses
-        this.setMessage("");
-      }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.DATA)) {
-        if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.REQUEST_ID)) {
-          jsonObject.remove(ApiKeywords.REQUEST_ID);
-        }
-        this.output = jsonObject;
-      }
+      handleOutputField(jsonObject);
+      populateFromHttpJson(jsonObject);
+      handleDataField(jsonObject);
     }
     return (T) this;
   }
@@ -148,24 +78,19 @@ public <T extends Result> T fromResponse(
       Protocol protocol, NetworkResponse response, boolean isFlattenResult) throws ApiException {
     if (!isFlattenResult) {
       return fromResponse(protocol, response);
-    } else {
-      this.setHeaders(changeHeaders(response.getHeaders()));
-      // flatten not support websocket.
-      if (protocol == Protocol.WEBSOCKET) {
-        if (response.getBinary() == null) {
-          JsonObject jsonObject = JsonUtils.parse(response.getMessage());
-          this.output = jsonObject;
-          // convert to the result
-        } else {
-          this.output = response.getBinary();
-        }
-      } else { // HTTP
-        JsonObject jsonObject = JsonUtils.parse(response.getMessage());
-        this.output = jsonObject;
-        this.event = response.getEvent();
+    }
+    this.setHeaders(changeHeaders(response.getHeaders()));
+    if (protocol == Protocol.WEBSOCKET) {
+      if (response.getBinary() == null) {
+        this.output = parseJson(response.getMessage(), "Failed to parse WebSocket message");
+      } else {
+        this.output = response.getBinary();
       }
-      return (T) this;
+    } else {
+      this.output = parseJson(response.getMessage(), "Failed to parse HTTP response message");
+      this.event = response.getEvent();
     }
+    return (T) this;
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -174,15 +99,25 @@ public <T extends Result> T fromResponse(
       Protocol protocol, NetworkResponse response, boolean isFlattenResult, HalfDuplexRequest req)
       throws ApiException {
     this.setHeaders(changeHeaders(response.getHeaders()));
-    // check it's encrypted output
     if ((response.getHeaders().containsKey("X-DashScope-OutputEncrypted".toLowerCase())
             || req.isEncryptRequest())
         && protocol == Protocol.HTTP) {
-      // Set HTTP status code if available
       if (response.getHttpStatusCode() != null) {
         this.setStatusCode(response.getHttpStatusCode());
       }
-      JsonObject jsonObject = JsonUtils.parse(response.getMessage());
+      String encryptedMessage = response.getMessage();
+      if (encryptedMessage == null || encryptedMessage.isEmpty()) {
+        log.warn(
+            "Encrypted HTTP response message is null or empty, httpStatusCode: {}",
+            response.getHttpStatusCode());
+        setInternalError();
+        return (T) this;
+      }
+      JsonObject jsonObject =
+          parseJson(encryptedMessage, "Failed to parse encrypted HTTP response message");
+      if (jsonObject == null) {
+        return (T) this;
+      }
       String encryptedOutput =
           jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.OUTPUT).isJsonNull()
               ? null
@@ -193,53 +128,112 @@ public <T extends Result> T fromResponse(
                 encryptedOutput,
                 req.getEncryptionConfig().getAESEncryptKey(),
                 req.getEncryptionConfig().getIv());
-        this.output = JsonUtils.parse(plainOutput);
+        this.output = parseJson(plainOutput, "Failed to parse decrypted output");
       } else {
         this.output = null;
       }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.USAGE)) {
-        this.setUsage(
-            jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.USAGE).isJsonNull()
-                ? null
-                : jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.USAGE).getAsJsonObject());
-      }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.REQUEST_ID)) {
-        this.setRequestId(jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.REQUEST_ID).getAsString());
-      }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE)) {
-        this.setStatusCode(
-            jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE).isJsonNull()
-                ? null
-                : jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE).getAsInt());
-      }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.CODE)) {
-        this.setCode(
-            jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.CODE).isJsonNull()
-                ? ""
-                : jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.CODE).getAsString());
-      } else {
-        // Set default empty string for successful responses
-        this.setCode("");
-      }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.MESSAGE)) {
-        this.setMessage(
-            jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.MESSAGE).isJsonNull()
-                ? ""
-                : jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.MESSAGE).getAsString());
-      } else {
-        // Set default empty string for successful responses
-        this.setMessage("");
-      }
-      if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.DATA)) {
-        if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.REQUEST_ID)) {
-          jsonObject.remove(ApiKeywords.REQUEST_ID);
-        }
-      }
+      populateFromHttpJson(jsonObject);
       return (T) this;
     }
     return fromResponse(protocol, response, isFlattenResult);
   }
 
+  private void fromWebSocketMessage(String message) {
+    JsonObject jsonObject = parseJson(message, "Failed to parse WebSocket message");
+    if (jsonObject == null) {
+      return;
+    }
+    if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.HEADER)) {
+      JsonObject headers = jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.HEADER).getAsJsonObject();
+      if (headers.has(ApiKeywords.TASKID)) {
+        this.setRequestId(headers.get(ApiKeywords.TASKID).getAsString());
+      }
+      this.setStatusCode(
+          headers.has(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE) && !headers.get(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE).isJsonNull()
+              ? headers.get(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE).getAsInt()
+              : 200);
+      this.setCode(
+          headers.has(ApiKeywords.ERROR_CODE) && !headers.get(ApiKeywords.ERROR_CODE).isJsonNull()
+              ? headers.get(ApiKeywords.ERROR_CODE).getAsString()
+              : "");
+      this.setMessage(
+          headers.has(ApiKeywords.ERROR_MESSAGE)
+                  && !headers.get(ApiKeywords.ERROR_MESSAGE).isJsonNull()
+              ? headers.get(ApiKeywords.ERROR_MESSAGE).getAsString()
+              : "");
+    }
+    if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.PAYLOAD)) {
+      JsonObject payload = jsonObject.getAsJsonObject(ApiKeywords.PAYLOAD);
+      if (payload.has(ApiKeywords.OUTPUT)) {
+        this.output =
+            payload.get(ApiKeywords.OUTPUT).isJsonNull() ? null : payload.get(ApiKeywords.OUTPUT);
+      }
+      if (payload.has(ApiKeywords.USAGE)) {
+        this.setUsage(
+            payload.get(ApiKeywords.USAGE).isJsonNull() ? null : payload.get(ApiKeywords.USAGE));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void handleOutputField(JsonObject jsonObject) {
+    // Handle OUTPUT field first
+    if (this.output == null && jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.OUTPUT)) {
+      JsonElement outputElement = jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.OUTPUT);
+      this.output = (outputElement == null || outputElement.isJsonNull()) ? null : outputElement;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void handleDataField(JsonObject jsonObject) {
+    // Handle DATA field only if OUTPUT was not present
+    if (this.output == null && jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.DATA)) {
+      jsonObject.remove(ApiKeywords.REQUEST_ID);
+      this.output = jsonObject;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void populateFromHttpJson(JsonObject jsonObject) {
+    if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.USAGE)) {
+      this.setUsage(
+          jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.USAGE).isJsonNull()
+              ? null
+              : jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.USAGE).getAsJsonObject());
+    }
+    if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.REQUEST_ID)) {
+      this.setRequestId(jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.REQUEST_ID).getAsString());
+    }
+    if (jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE)) {
+      this.setStatusCode(
+          jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE).isJsonNull()
+              ? null
+              : jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.STATUS_CODE).getAsInt());
+    }
+    this.setCode(
+        jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.CODE) && !jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.CODE).isJsonNull()
+            ? jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.CODE).getAsString()
+            : "");
+    this.setMessage(
+        jsonObject.has(ApiKeywords.MESSAGE) && !jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.MESSAGE).isJsonNull()
+            ? jsonObject.get(ApiKeywords.MESSAGE).getAsString()
+            : "");
+  }
+
+  private JsonObject parseJson(String raw, String logMsg) {
+    try {
+      return JsonUtils.parse(raw);
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      log.error(logMsg, e);
+      setInternalError();
+      return null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void setInternalError() {
+    this.output = null;
+    this.setStatusCode(PublicErrorDef.INTERNAL_ERROR.getStatusCode());
+    this.setCode(PublicErrorDef.INTERNAL_ERROR.getErrorCode());
+    this.setMessage(PublicErrorDef.INTERNAL_ERROR.getErrorMsg());
+  }
+
   private Map<String, Object> changeHeaders(Map<String, List<String>> headers) {
     if (headers == null || headers.isEmpty()) {
       return null;
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/alibaba/dashscope/common/PublicErrorDef.java b/src/main/java/com/alibaba/dashscope/common/PublicErrorDef.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e8be4fa5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/alibaba/dashscope/common/PublicErrorDef.java
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+// Copied from com.alibaba.dashscope:error:1.0.0
+package com.alibaba.dashscope.common;
+
+// Auto-generated by tools/generate.py -- DO NOT EDIT.
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/** Customer-facing error definitions. */
+public enum PublicErrorDef {
+  INVALID_REQUEST(
+      400,
+      "BadRequestError",
+      "The request is invalid. Please check the request and try again.",
+      "invalid_request_error"),
+  MISSING_PARAMETER(
+      400, "BadRequestError", "Missing required parameter: {parameter}.", "invalid_request_error"),
+  CONTENT_POLICY_VIOLATION(
+      400,
+      "BadRequestError",
+      "The request was rejected by content policy.",
+      "invalid_request_error"),
+  INVALID_URL(
+      400,
+      "BadRequestError",
+      "The provided URL is invalid or cannot be accessed.",
+      "invalid_request_error"),
+  INVALID_FILE(400, "BadRequestError", "The provided file is invalid.", "invalid_request_error"),
+  AUTH_FAILED(
+      401,
+      "AuthenticationError",
+      "Authentication failed. Please provide valid authentication credentials.",
+      "authentication_error"),
+  INVALID_API_KEY(
+      401, "AuthenticationError", "Incorrect API key provided.", "authentication_error"),
+  PERMISSION_DENIED(
+      403,
+      "PermissionDeniedError",
+      "You do not have permission to access this resource.",
+      "permission_error"),
+  RESOURCE_NOT_FOUND(
+      404, "NotFoundError", "The requested resource was not found: {resource}.", "not_found_error"),
+  REQUEST_TOO_LARGE(
+      413,
+      "RequestTooLargeError",
+      "The request exceeds the maximum allowed size of {limit}.",
+      "request_too_large"),
+  RATE_LIMIT_EXCEEDED(
+      429,
+      "RateLimitError",
+      "Rate limit exceeded. Please slow down your requests.",
+      "rate_limit_error"),
+  CONCURRENCY_LIMIT_EXCEEDED(
+      429,
+      "RateLimitError",
+      "Too many concurrent requests. Please reduce concurrency and try again.",
+      "rate_limit_error"),
+  INSUFFICIENT_QUOTA(
+      429,
+      "RateLimitError",
+      "You exceeded your current quota. Please check your plan and billing details.",
+      "billing_error"),
+  INTERNAL_ERROR(
+      500,
+      "InternalServerError",
+      "The server encountered an internal error. Please try again later.",
+      "api_error"),
+  SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE(
+      503,
+      "ServiceUnavailableError",
+      "The service is temporarily unavailable. Please try again later.",
+      "overloaded_error"),
+  REQUEST_TIMEOUT(
+      504,
+      "GatewayTimeoutError",
+      "The request timed out. Please try again later.",
+      "timeout_error");
+
+  private final int statusCode;
+  private final String errorCode;
+  private final String errorMsg;
+  private final String anthropicErrorCode;
+
+  PublicErrorDef(int statusCode, String errorCode, String errorMsg, String anthropicErrorCode) {
+    this.statusCode = statusCode;
+    this.errorCode = errorCode;
+    this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
+    this.anthropicErrorCode = anthropicErrorCode;
+  }
+
+  public int getStatusCode() {
+    return statusCode;
+  }
+
+  public String getErrorCode() {
+    return errorCode;
+  }
+
+  public String getErrorMsg() {
+    return errorMsg;
+  }
+
+  public String getAnthropicErrorCode() {
+    return anthropicErrorCode;
+  }
+
+  public String formatMsg(Map<String, String> vars) {
+    String msg = errorMsg;
+    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : vars.entrySet()) {
+      msg = msg.replace("{" + entry.getKey() + "}", entry.getValue());
+    }
+    return msg;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/alibaba/dashscope/threads/runs/DefaultAssistantEventHandler.java b/src/main/java/com/alibaba/dashscope/threads/runs/DefaultAssistantEventHandler.java
index 80333e5d..d0bda500 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/alibaba/dashscope/threads/runs/DefaultAssistantEventHandler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/alibaba/dashscope/threads/runs/DefaultAssistantEventHandler.java
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ public void onError(String errorMsg) {
 
   @Override
   public void onUnknown(String msg) {
-    System.out.println(msg);
+    // Ignored
   }
 
   @Override