diff --git a/source/source_cell/CMakeLists.txt b/source/source_cell/CMakeLists.txt
index d6de55e0635..87a7f2553c9 100644
--- a/source/source_cell/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/source/source_cell/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ add_library(
     unitcell.cpp
     read_atoms.cpp
     read_atoms_helper.cpp
+    read_orb.cpp
     setup_nonlocal.cpp
     klist.cpp
     parallel_kpoints.cpp
diff --git a/source/source_cell/read_atoms_helper.cpp b/source/source_cell/read_atoms_helper.cpp
index 9b60e372550..3c5ab27b8a2 100644
--- a/source/source_cell/read_atoms_helper.cpp
+++ b/source/source_cell/read_atoms_helper.cpp
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #include "source_base/mathzone.h"
 #include "read_stru.h"
 #include "print_cell.h"
-#include "source_estate/read_orb.h"
+#include "read_orb.h"
 #include <cmath>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <sstream>
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ bool read_atom_type_header(int it, UnitCell& ucell,
     if ((PARAM.inp.basis_type == "lcao")||(PARAM.inp.basis_type == "lcao_in_pw"))
     {
         std::string orbital_file = PARAM.inp.orbital_dir + ucell.orbital_fn[it];
-        bool normal = elecstate::read_orb_file(it, orbital_file, ofs_running, &(ucell.atoms[it]));
+        bool normal = unitcell::read_orb_file(it, orbital_file, ofs_running, &(ucell.atoms[it]));
         if(!normal)
         {
             return false;
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ bool read_atom_type_header(int it, UnitCell& ucell,
         if ((PARAM.inp.init_wfc.substr(0, 3) == "nao") || PARAM.inp.onsite_radius > 0.0)
         {
             std::string orbital_file = PARAM.inp.orbital_dir + ucell.orbital_fn[it];
-            bool normal = elecstate::read_orb_file(it, orbital_file, ofs_running, &(ucell.atoms[it]));
+            bool normal = unitcell::read_orb_file(it, orbital_file, ofs_running, &(ucell.atoms[it]));
             if(!normal)
             {
                 return false;
diff --git a/source/source_estate/read_orb.cpp b/source/source_cell/read_orb.cpp
similarity index 91%
rename from source/source_estate/read_orb.cpp
rename to source/source_cell/read_orb.cpp
index ce6f1cfcbf2..2d0c3da582f 100644
--- a/source/source_estate/read_orb.cpp
+++ b/source/source_cell/read_orb.cpp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #include "read_orb.h"
 #include "source_base/formatter.h"
 
-namespace elecstate {
+namespace unitcell {
     bool read_orb_file(int it, std::string &orb_file, std::ofstream &ofs_running, Atom* atom)
     {
     // the maximum L is 9 like cc-pV9Z, according to the 
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ namespace elecstate {
     {
         std::cout << " Element index " << it+1 << std::endl;
         std::cout << " orbital file: " << orb_file << std::endl;
-        ModuleBase::WARNING("elecstate::read_orb_file", 
+        ModuleBase::WARNING("unitcell::read_orb_file", 
                                 "cannot open the ORBITAL file (NAO basis sets)");
         return false;
     }
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ namespace elecstate {
             }
             if (!valid)
             {
-                ModuleBase::WARNING("elecstate::read_orb_file", 
+                ModuleBase::WARNING("unitcell::read_orb_file", 
                                          "ABACUS does not support NAO with L > 9, "
                                          "or an invalid orbital label is found in the ORBITAL file.");
                 return false;
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ namespace elecstate {
     ifs.close();
     if(!atom->nw)
     {
-		ModuleBase::WARNING("elecstate::read_orb_file","get nw = 0, check the ORBITAL file");
+		ModuleBase::WARNING("unitcell::read_orb_file","get nw = 0, check the ORBITAL file");
 		return false;
     }
     return true;
diff --git a/source/source_estate/read_orb.h b/source/source_cell/read_orb.h
similarity index 89%
rename from source/source_estate/read_orb.h
rename to source/source_cell/read_orb.h
index 8d42b789e7c..318287a05a1 100644
--- a/source/source_estate/read_orb.h
+++ b/source/source_cell/read_orb.h
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 #ifndef READ_ORB_H
 #define READ_ORB_H
 
-#include "source_cell/unitcell.h"
+#include "unitcell.h"
 
-namespace elecstate 
+namespace unitcell
 {
 
     /**
diff --git a/source/source_cell/test/CMakeLists.txt b/source/source_cell/test/CMakeLists.txt
index 5b6f91e1bb0..24ce2304f82 100644
--- a/source/source_cell/test/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/source/source_cell/test/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ list(APPEND cell_simple_srcs
     ../../source_estate/read_pseudo.cpp
     ../../source_estate/cal_wfc.cpp
     ../../source_estate/cal_nelec_nband.cpp
-    ../../source_estate/read_orb.cpp
+    ../read_orb.cpp
     ../sep.cpp
     ../sep_cell.cpp
 )
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ AddTest(
   LIBS parameter base device
   SOURCES read_atoms_helper_test.cpp
     ../read_atoms_helper.cpp
+    ../read_orb.cpp
     ../read_stru.cpp
     ../print_cell.cpp
     ../atom_spec.cpp
diff --git a/source/source_cell/test/unitcell_test.cpp b/source/source_cell/test/unitcell_test.cpp
index 20f9651a64e..7a5056cd916 100644
--- a/source/source_cell/test/unitcell_test.cpp
+++ b/source/source_cell/test/unitcell_test.cpp
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #include "source_io/module_parameter/parameter.h"
 #undef private
 #include "source_estate/cal_ux.h"
-#include "source_estate/read_orb.h"
+#include "source_cell/read_orb.h"
 #include "source_estate/read_pseudo.h"
 #include "source_cell/read_stru.h"
 #include "source_cell/print_cell.h"
@@ -1088,7 +1088,7 @@ TEST_F(UcellTest, ReadOrbFile)
     std::string orb_file = "./support/C.orb";
     std::ofstream ofs_running;
     ofs_running.open("tmp_readorbfile");
-    bool result = elecstate::read_orb_file(0, orb_file, ofs_running, &(ucell->atoms[0]));
+    bool result = unitcell::read_orb_file(0, orb_file, ofs_running, &(ucell->atoms[0]));
     ofs_running << " result=" << result << std::endl;
     EXPECT_TRUE(result);
     ofs_running.close();
@@ -1828,7 +1828,7 @@ TEST_F(UcellTest, ReadOrbFileWarning)
     std::ofstream ofs_running;
     ofs_running.open("tmp_readorbfilewarning");
     testing::internal::CaptureStdout();
-    bool result = elecstate::read_orb_file(0, orb_file, ofs_running, &(ucell->atoms[0]));
+    bool result = unitcell::read_orb_file(0, orb_file, ofs_running, &(ucell->atoms[0]));
     output = testing::internal::GetCapturedStdout();
     ofs_running << output << std::endl;
     EXPECT_FALSE(result);
diff --git a/source/source_cell/test_pw/CMakeLists.txt b/source/source_cell/test_pw/CMakeLists.txt
index 7c1d79318e7..4a84b4b2094 100644
--- a/source/source_cell/test_pw/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/source/source_cell/test_pw/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ AddTest(
   ../read_stru.cpp   ../read_atom_species.cpp
 	../read_pp_vwr.cpp ../read_pp_blps.cpp
   ../../source_estate/read_pseudo.cpp ../../source_estate/cal_nelec_nband.cpp
-  ../../source_estate/read_orb.cpp    ../print_cell.cpp
+  ../../source_cell/read_orb.cpp    ../print_cell.cpp
   ../../source_estate/cal_wfc.cpp  ../sep.cpp   ../sep_cell.cpp
 )
 
diff --git a/source/source_estate/CMakeLists.txt b/source/source_estate/CMakeLists.txt
index 0e2e18f72dc..20c77754bbf 100644
--- a/source/source_estate/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/source/source_estate/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ list(APPEND objects
     fp_energy.cpp
     occupy.cpp
     cal_ux.cpp
-    read_orb.cpp
     cal_nelec_nband.cpp
     read_pseudo.cpp
     cal_wfc.cpp
diff --git a/source/source_lcao/module_deepks/test/CMakeLists.txt b/source/source_lcao/module_deepks/test/CMakeLists.txt
index deed5f16de2..d18849bb674 100644
--- a/source/source_lcao/module_deepks/test/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/source/source_lcao/module_deepks/test/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ set(DEEPKS_UNIT_COMMON_SOURCES
     ../../../source_io/module_output/sparse_matrix.cpp
     ../../../source_estate/read_pseudo.cpp
     ../../../source_estate/cal_wfc.cpp
-    ../../../source_estate/read_orb.cpp
+    ../../../source_cell/read_orb.cpp
     ../../../source_estate/cal_nelec_nband.cpp
     ../../../source_estate/module_dm/density_matrix.cpp
     ../../../source_estate/module_dm/density_matrix_io.cpp
diff --git a/source/source_md/test/CMakeLists.txt b/source/source_md/test/CMakeLists.txt
index 735e84f7973..d0bb6855e0f 100644
--- a/source/source_md/test/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/source/source_md/test/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ list(APPEND depend_files
   ../../source_estate/read_pseudo.cpp
   ../../source_estate/cal_wfc.cpp
   ../../source_estate/cal_nelec_nband.cpp
-  ../../source_estate/read_orb.cpp
+  ../../source_cell/read_orb.cpp
   ../../source_cell/sep.cpp
   ../../source_cell/sep_cell.cpp
 )
diff --git a/source/source_pw/module_pwdft/test/CMakeLists.txt b/source/source_pw/module_pwdft/test/CMakeLists.txt
index 7e4c64db0c3..1a6889ee2bd 100644
--- a/source/source_pw/module_pwdft/test/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/source/source_pw/module_pwdft/test/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -55,5 +55,5 @@ AddTest(
 	../../../source_estate/read_pseudo.cpp
 	../../../source_estate/cal_wfc.cpp
 	../../../source_estate/cal_nelec_nband.cpp
-	../../../source_estate/read_orb.cpp
+	../../../source_cell/read_orb.cpp
 )