diff --git a/src/option-parsers-env.test.ts b/src/option-parsers-env.test.ts
index c2aa70369..0fa53a86b 100644
--- a/src/option-parsers-env.test.ts
+++ b/src/option-parsers-env.test.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import {
   parseEnvironmentVariables,
   joinShellArgs,
 } from './option-parsers';
-import { escapeShellArg } from './parsers/shell-utils';
 
 describe('environment variable parsing', () => {
   it('should parse KEY=VALUE format correctly', () => {
@@ -73,28 +72,28 @@ describe('environment variable parsing', () => {
   });
 });
 
-describe('shell argument escaping', () => {
+describe('shell argument joining', () => {
   it('should not escape simple arguments', () => {
-    expect(escapeShellArg('curl')).toBe('curl');
-    expect(escapeShellArg('https://api.github.com')).toBe('https://api.github.com');
-    expect(escapeShellArg('/usr/bin/node')).toBe('/usr/bin/node');
-    expect(escapeShellArg('--log-level=debug')).toBe('--log-level=debug');
+    expect(joinShellArgs(['curl'])).toBe('curl');
+    expect(joinShellArgs(['https://api.github.com'])).toBe('https://api.github.com');
+    expect(joinShellArgs(['/usr/bin/node'])).toBe('/usr/bin/node');
+    expect(joinShellArgs(['--log-level=debug'])).toBe('--log-level=debug');
   });
 
   it('should escape arguments with spaces', () => {
-    expect(escapeShellArg('hello world')).toBe("'hello world'");
-    expect(escapeShellArg('Authorization: Bearer token')).toBe("'Authorization: Bearer token'");
+    expect(joinShellArgs(['hello world'])).toBe("'hello world'");
+    expect(joinShellArgs(['Authorization: Bearer token'])).toBe("'Authorization: Bearer token'");
   });
 
   it('should escape arguments with special characters', () => {
-    expect(escapeShellArg('test$var')).toBe("'test$var'");
-    expect(escapeShellArg('test`cmd`')).toBe("'test`cmd`'");
-    expect(escapeShellArg('test;echo')).toBe("'test;echo'");
+    expect(joinShellArgs(['test$var'])).toBe("'test$var'");
+    expect(joinShellArgs(['test`cmd`'])).toBe("'test`cmd`'");
+    expect(joinShellArgs(['test;echo'])).toBe("'test;echo'");
   });
 
   it('should escape single quotes in arguments', () => {
-    expect(escapeShellArg("it's")).toBe("'it'\\''s'");
-    expect(escapeShellArg("don't")).toBe("'don'\\''t'");
+    expect(joinShellArgs(["it's"])).toBe("'it'\\''s'");
+    expect(joinShellArgs(["don't"])).toBe("'don'\\''t'");
   });
 
   it('should join multiple arguments with proper escaping', () => {
diff --git a/src/parsers/shell-utils.test.ts b/src/parsers/shell-utils.test.ts
index e42f4b7e3..f17749f6f 100644
--- a/src/parsers/shell-utils.test.ts
+++ b/src/parsers/shell-utils.test.ts
@@ -1,80 +1,82 @@
-import { escapeShellArg, joinShellArgs } from './shell-utils';
+import { joinShellArgs } from './shell-utils';
 
-describe('escapeShellArg', () => {
+const escapeSingleArg = (arg: string): string => joinShellArgs([arg]);
+
+describe('single-argument shell escaping via joinShellArgs', () => {
   describe('safe characters (no quoting needed)', () => {
     it('should return simple alphanumeric strings as-is', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg('hello')).toBe('hello');
-      expect(escapeShellArg('abc123')).toBe('abc123');
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('hello')).toBe('hello');
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('abc123')).toBe('abc123');
     });
 
     it('should return strings with allowed safe chars as-is', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg('file.txt')).toBe('file.txt');
-      expect(escapeShellArg('/usr/bin/node')).toBe('/usr/bin/node');
-      expect(escapeShellArg('key=value')).toBe('key=value');
-      expect(escapeShellArg('host:port')).toBe('host:port');
-      expect(escapeShellArg('my-file')).toBe('my-file');
-      expect(escapeShellArg('my_var')).toBe('my_var');
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('file.txt')).toBe('file.txt');
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('/usr/bin/node')).toBe('/usr/bin/node');
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('key=value')).toBe('key=value');
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('host:port')).toBe('host:port');
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('my-file')).toBe('my-file');
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('my_var')).toBe('my_var');
     });
   });
 
   describe('strings requiring quoting', () => {
     it('should wrap strings with spaces in single quotes', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg('hello world')).toBe("'hello world'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('hello world')).toBe("'hello world'");
     });
 
     it('should wrap strings with dollar signs in single quotes', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg('$HOME')).toBe("'$HOME'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('$HOME')).toBe("'$HOME'");
     });
 
     it('should wrap strings with backticks in single quotes', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg('`cmd`')).toBe("'`cmd`'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('`cmd`')).toBe("'`cmd`'");
     });
 
     it('should wrap strings with semicolons in single quotes (command injection prevention)', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg('; rm -rf /')).toBe("'; rm -rf /'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('; rm -rf /')).toBe("'; rm -rf /'");
     });
 
     it('should wrap strings with ampersands in single quotes', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg('a && b')).toBe("'a && b'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('a && b')).toBe("'a && b'");
     });
 
     it('should wrap strings with pipes in single quotes', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg('a | b')).toBe("'a | b'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('a | b')).toBe("'a | b'");
     });
 
     it('should wrap strings with redirect operators in single quotes', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg('a > b')).toBe("'a > b'");
-      expect(escapeShellArg('a < b')).toBe("'a < b'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('a > b')).toBe("'a > b'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('a < b')).toBe("'a < b'");
     });
 
     it('should wrap strings with exclamation marks in single quotes', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg('hello!')).toBe("'hello!'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('hello!')).toBe("'hello!'");
     });
 
     it('should wrap strings with newlines in single quotes', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg('line1\nline2')).toBe("'line1\nline2'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('line1\nline2')).toBe("'line1\nline2'");
     });
   });
 
   describe('strings with single quotes (injection prevention)', () => {
     it('should escape single quotes using the standard shell pattern', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg("it's")).toBe("'it'\\''s'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg("it's")).toBe("'it'\\''s'");
     });
 
     it('should handle strings that are only a single quote', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg("'")).toBe("''\\'''");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg("'")).toBe("''\\'''");
     });
 
     it('should handle strings with multiple single quotes', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg("a'b'c")).toBe("'a'\\''b'\\''c'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg("a'b'c")).toBe("'a'\\''b'\\''c'");
     });
 
     it('should handle injection attempt with single quote and shell metacharacters', () => {
       const injection = "'; rm -rf /; echo '";
-      const escaped = escapeShellArg(injection);
+      const escaped = escapeSingleArg(injection);
       // Should be safely quoted so no shell injection can occur
       // The two surrounding ' chars and the embedded '\'' escapes neutralize all metacharacters
-      expect(escaped).toBe("''\\''; rm -rf /; echo '\\'''"  );
+      expect(escaped).toBe("''\\''; rm -rf /; echo '\\'''");
     });
   });
 
@@ -82,12 +84,12 @@ describe('escapeShellArg', () => {
     it('should wrap empty string in single quotes', () => {
       // Empty string does not match the safe-character regex because it requires at least one character,
       // so it should be quoted.
-      const result = escapeShellArg('');
+      const result = escapeSingleArg('');
       expect(result).toBe("''");
     });
 
     it('should handle strings with only special characters', () => {
-      expect(escapeShellArg('***')).toBe("'***'");
+      expect(escapeSingleArg('***')).toBe("'***'");
     });
   });
 });
diff --git a/src/parsers/shell-utils.ts b/src/parsers/shell-utils.ts
index 42b95f2ba..42102cd70 100644
--- a/src/parsers/shell-utils.ts
+++ b/src/parsers/shell-utils.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**
  * Escapes a shell argument by wrapping it in single quotes and escaping any single quotes within it
  */
-export function escapeShellArg(arg: string): string {
+function escapeShellArg(arg: string): string {
   // If the argument doesn't contain special characters, return as-is
   // Character class includes: letters, digits, underscore, dash, dot (literal), slash, equals, colon
   if (/^[a-zA-Z0-9_\-./=:]+$/.test(arg)) {