diff --git a/change/@fluentui-react-combobox-d1ed182f-ed98-446f-8cb6-4c9de248b0ff.json b/change/@fluentui-react-combobox-d1ed182f-ed98-446f-8cb6-4c9de248b0ff.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..fa6a058aceb96d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/change/@fluentui-react-combobox-d1ed182f-ed98-446f-8cb6-4c9de248b0ff.json
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "type": "prerelease",
+  "comment": "fix: Dropdown arrow icon layout when no placeholder or value is present",
+  "packageName": "@fluentui/react-combobox",
+  "email": "sarah.higley@microsoft.com",
+  "dependentChangeType": "patch"
+}
diff --git a/packages/react-components/react-combobox/src/components/Dropdown/useDropdownStyles.ts b/packages/react-components/react-combobox/src/components/Dropdown/useDropdownStyles.ts
index 8da3124af80c87..2cd78635fc9241 100644
--- a/packages/react-components/react-combobox/src/components/Dropdown/useDropdownStyles.ts
+++ b/packages/react-components/react-combobox/src/components/Dropdown/useDropdownStyles.ts
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ const useStyles = makeStyles({
     cursor: 'pointer',
     display: 'grid',
     fontFamily: tokens.fontFamilyBase,
-    gridTemplateColumns: '1fr auto',
+    gridTemplateColumns: '[content] 1fr [icon] auto [end]',
     justifyContent: 'space-between',
     textAlign: 'left',
     width: '100%',
@@ -167,6 +167,8 @@ const useIconStyles = makeStyles({
     color: tokens.colorNeutralStrokeAccessible,
     display: 'block',
     fontSize: tokens.fontSizeBase500,
+    gridColumnStart: 'icon',
+    gridColumnEnd: 'end',
 
     // the SVG must have display: block for accurate positioning
     // otherwise an extra inline space is inserted after the svg element