closes bpo-38127: _ctypes: PyObject_IsSubclass() should be checked for failure. (GH-16011)

An exception may occur during a PyObject_IsSubclass() call.
(cherry picked from commit ea683de)

Co-authored-by: Zackery Spytz <zspytz@gmail.com>

Author: miss-islington

Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c

@@ -1094,7 +1094,11 @@ PyCPointerType_from_param(PyObject *type, PyObject *value)
         */
         StgDictObject *v = PyObject_stgdict(value);
         assert(v); /* Cannot be NULL for pointer or array objects */
-        if (PyObject_IsSubclass(v->proto, typedict->proto)) {
+        int ret = PyObject_IsSubclass(v->proto, typedict->proto);
+        if (ret < 0) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        if (ret) {
             Py_INCREF(value);
             return value;
         }