gh-152785: Upgrade GCC from 10 to 13 in GHA Address Sanitizer (GH-152782)

Remove the step which installs GCC 10. This step was needed when
Ubuntu only had GCC 9. We are now using Ubuntu 24.04 which has GCC
13.
(cherry picked from commit 31a0e09)

Co-authored-by: Victor Stinner <vstinner@python.org>

Author: vstinner

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -486,10 +486,6 @@ jobs:
       run: echo "::add-matcher::.github/problem-matchers/gcc.json"
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: sudo ./.github/workflows/posix-deps-apt.sh
-    - name: Set up GCC-10 for ASAN
-      uses: egor-tensin/setup-gcc@a2861a8b8538f49cf2850980acccf6b05a1b2ae4 # v2.0
-      with:
-        version: 10
     - name: Configure OpenSSL env vars
       run: |
         echo "MULTISSL_DIR=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/multissl" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"