diff --git a/lib/solid_queue.rb b/lib/solid_queue.rb
index 0f7a40d16..d8c963286 100644
--- a/lib/solid_queue.rb
+++ b/lib/solid_queue.rb
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 require "solid_queue/app_executor"
 require "solid_queue/interruptible"
+require "solid_queue/pidfile"
 require "solid_queue/signals"
 require "solid_queue/configuration"
 require "solid_queue/runner"
@@ -21,4 +22,6 @@ module SolidQueue
   mattr_accessor :process_alive_threshold, default: 5.minutes
 
   mattr_accessor :shutdown_timeout, default: 5.seconds
+
+  mattr_accessor :supervisor_pidfile
 end
diff --git a/lib/solid_queue/engine.rb b/lib/solid_queue/engine.rb
index 718a6696a..482dc1acb 100644
--- a/lib/solid_queue/engine.rb
+++ b/lib/solid_queue/engine.rb
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ class Engine < ::Rails::Engine
         SolidQueue.process_heartbeat_interval = app.config.solid_queue.process_heartbeat_interval || 60.seconds
         SolidQueue.process_alive_threshold    = app.config.solid_queue.process_alive_threshold || 5.minutes
         SolidQueue.shutdown_timeout           = app.config.solid_queue.shutdown_timeout || 5.seconds
+        SolidQueue.supervisor_pidfile         = app.config.solid_queue.supervisor_pidfile || app.root.join("tmp", "pids", "solid_queue_supervisor.pid")
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/lib/solid_queue/pidfile.rb b/lib/solid_queue/pidfile.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..14ac2a090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/solid_queue/pidfile.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module SolidQueue
+  class Pidfile
+    def initialize(path)
+      @path = path
+      @pid = ::Process.pid
+    end
+
+    def setup
+      check_status
+      write_file
+      set_at_exit_hook
+    end
+
+    def delete
+      delete_file
+    end
+
+    private
+      attr_reader :path, :pid
+
+      def check_status
+        if ::File.exist?(path)
+          existing_pid = ::File.open(path).read.strip.to_i
+          existing_pid > 0 && ::Process.kill(0, existing_pid)
+
+          already_running!
+        end
+      rescue Errno::ESRCH => e
+        # Process is dead, ignore, just delete the file
+        delete
+      rescue Errno::EPERM
+        already_running!
+      end
+
+      def write_file
+        ::File.open(path, ::File::CREAT | ::File::EXCL | ::File::WRONLY) { |file| file.write(pid.to_s) }
+      rescue Errno::EEXIST
+        check_status
+        retry
+      end
+
+      def set_at_exit_hook
+        at_exit { delete if ::Process.pid == pid }
+      end
+
+      def delete_file
+        ::File.delete(path) if ::File.exist?(path)
+      end
+
+      def already_running!
+        abort "A Solid Queue supervisor is already running. Check #{path}"
+      end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/solid_queue/supervisor.rb b/lib/solid_queue/supervisor.rb
index dc4ded998..8efb70981 100644
--- a/lib/solid_queue/supervisor.rb
+++ b/lib/solid_queue/supervisor.rb
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ def initialize(runners)
     end
 
     def start
+      setup_pidfile
       register_signal_handlers
       start_process_prune
 
@@ -31,11 +32,18 @@ def start
     ensure
       stop_process_prune
       restore_default_signal_handlers
+      delete_pidfile
     end
 
     private
       attr_reader :runners, :forks
 
+      def setup_pidfile
+        @pidfile = if SolidQueue.supervisor_pidfile
+          Pidfile.new(SolidQueue.supervisor_pidfile).tap(&:setup)
+        end
+      end
+
       def start_process_prune
         @prune_task = Concurrent::TimerTask.new(run_now: true, execution_interval: SolidQueue.process_alive_threshold) { prune_dead_processes }
         @prune_task.execute
@@ -76,7 +84,11 @@ def quit_runners
       end
 
       def stop_process_prune
-        @prune_task.shutdown
+        @prune_task&.shutdown
+      end
+
+      def delete_pidfile
+        @pidfile&.delete
       end
 
       def prune_dead_processes
diff --git a/test/integration/processes_lifecycle_test.rb b/test/integration/processes_lifecycle_test.rb
index 6ce9b0ced..9a5138c4e 100644
--- a/test/integration/processes_lifecycle_test.rb
+++ b/test/integration/processes_lifecycle_test.rb
@@ -181,12 +181,6 @@ class ProcessLifecycleTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   private
-    def run_supervisor_as_fork
-      fork do
-        SolidQueue::Supervisor.start
-      end
-    end
-
     def terminate_supervisor
       terminate_process(@pid)
     end
@@ -204,51 +198,6 @@ def assert_clean_termination
       assert_no_claimed_jobs
     end
 
-    def terminate_process(pid, from_parent: true)
-      signal_process(pid, :TERM)
-      wait_for_process_with_timeout(pid, from_parent: from_parent)
-    end
-
-    def signal_process(pid, signal, wait: nil)
-      Thread.new do
-        sleep(wait) if wait
-        Process.kill(signal, pid)
-      end
-    end
-
-    def wait_for_process_with_timeout(pid, timeout: 10, from_parent: true)
-      Timeout.timeout(timeout) do
-        if from_parent
-          Process.waitpid(pid)
-          assert 0, $?.exitstatus
-        else
-          loop do
-            break unless process_exists?(pid)
-            sleep(0.1)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    rescue Timeout::Error
-      Process.kill(:KILL, pid)
-      raise
-    end
-
-    def process_exists?(pid)
-      Process.getpgid(pid)
-      true
-    rescue Errno::ESRCH
-      false
-    end
-
-    def wait_for_registered_processes(count, timeout: 10.seconds)
-      Timeout.timeout(timeout) do
-        while SolidQueue::Process.count < count do
-          sleep 0.25
-        end
-      end
-    rescue Timeout::Error
-    end
-
     def assert_registered_processes_for(*queues)
       uncached do
         registered_queues = SolidQueue::Process.all.map { |process| process.metadata["queue"] }.compact
diff --git a/test/test_helper.rb b/test/test_helper.rb
index c342b824f..ab9cbde06 100644
--- a/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 class ActiveSupport::TestCase
   teardown do
     JobBuffer.clear
+    File.delete(SolidQueue.supervisor_pidfile) if File.exist?(SolidQueue.supervisor_pidfile)
   end
 
   private
@@ -29,4 +30,55 @@ def wait_for_jobs_to_finish_for(timeout = 10.seconds)
       end
     rescue Timeout::Error
     end
+
+  def run_supervisor_as_fork(**options)
+    fork do
+      SolidQueue::Supervisor.start(**options)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def wait_for_registered_processes(count, timeout: 10.seconds)
+    Timeout.timeout(timeout) do
+      while SolidQueue::Process.count < count do
+        sleep 0.25
+      end
+    end
+  rescue Timeout::Error
+  end
+
+  def terminate_process(pid, timeout: 10, signal: :TERM, from_parent: true)
+    signal_process(pid, signal)
+    wait_for_process_termination_with_timeout(pid, timeout: timeout, from_parent: from_parent)
+  end
+
+  def wait_for_process_termination_with_timeout(pid, timeout: 10, from_parent: true, exitstatus: 0)
+    Timeout.timeout(timeout) do
+      if from_parent
+        Process.waitpid(pid)
+        assert exitstatus, $?.exitstatus
+      else
+        loop do
+          break unless process_exists?(pid)
+          sleep(0.1)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  rescue Timeout::Error
+    signal_process(pid, :KILL)
+    raise
+  end
+
+  def signal_process(pid, signal, wait: nil)
+    Thread.new do
+      sleep(wait) if wait
+      Process.kill(signal, pid)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def process_exists?(pid)
+    Process.getpgid(pid)
+    true
+  rescue Errno::ESRCH
+    false
+  end
 end
diff --git a/test/unit/supervisor_test.rb b/test/unit/supervisor_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0aa7beaf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/supervisor_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+require "test_helper"
+
+class SupervisorTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+  self.use_transactional_tests = false
+
+  setup do
+    FileUtils.mkdir_p Rails.application.root.join("tmp")
+    @previous_pidfile = SolidQueue.supervisor_pidfile
+    @pidfile = Rails.application.root.join("tmp/pidfile_#{SecureRandom.hex}.pid")
+    SolidQueue.supervisor_pidfile = @pidfile
+  end
+
+  teardown do
+    SolidQueue.supervisor_pidfile = @previous_pidfile
+    File.delete(@pidfile) if File.exist?(@pidfile)
+  end
+
+  test "create and delete pidfile" do
+    assert_not File.exist?(@pidfile)
+
+    pid = run_supervisor_as_fork(mode: :all)
+    wait_for_registered_processes(3)
+
+    assert File.exist?(@pidfile)
+    assert_equal pid, File.read(@pidfile).strip.to_i
+
+    terminate_process(pid)
+
+    assert_not File.exist?(@pidfile)
+  end
+
+  test "abort if there's already a pidfile for a supervisor" do
+    File.write(@pidfile, ::Process.pid.to_s)
+
+    pid = run_supervisor_as_fork(mode: :all)
+    wait_for_registered_processes(3)
+
+    assert File.exist?(@pidfile)
+    assert_not_equal pid, File.read(@pidfile).strip.to_i
+
+    wait_for_process_termination_with_timeout(pid, exitstatus: 1)
+  end
+
+  test "deletes previous pidfile if the owner is dead" do
+    pid = run_supervisor_as_fork(mode: :all)
+    wait_for_registered_processes(3)
+
+    terminate_process(pid, signal: :KILL)
+
+    assert File.exist?(@pidfile)
+    assert_equal pid, File.read(@pidfile).strip.to_i
+
+    pid = run_supervisor_as_fork(mode: :all)
+    wait_for_registered_processes(3)
+
+    assert File.exist?(@pidfile)
+    assert_equal pid, File.read(@pidfile).strip.to_i
+
+    terminate_process(pid)
+  end
+end