Fix --without-components with subsetted components

[Mark-Simulacrum]

It's not entirely clear what changed in 1.66, but rust-lang/rust#105755 shows that we are failing to run the install script with --without if there are subsetted component names.

This changes the behavior of the filtering to require an exact match rather than a partial match, which seems like the better way to go. It's not very clear to me that the previous behavior was actually a good idea.

r? @jyn514 or @pietroalbini
cc rust-lang/rust#105755

Will run a try build + dev-static nightly to check this actually works, but altering the 1.66 release with these changes did seem to do the right thing. (But I think the easiest thing is to merge this first and then do that later).

[rustbot]

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[jyn514]

I trust pietro's review, not sure when I'll get a chance to look at this, but I do want to mention that rust-lang/rust#102565 might have regressed something by accident. I glanced at the code and this seems a lot less fragile than before though, so changing rust-installer instead of reverting seems good to me.

[Mark-Simulacrum]

That PR landed in 1.67, so I think it can't be responsible for breakage in 1.66?

[jonhoo]

I do wish this could take into account renames known to Rustup so that the components would better match what people are used to, but not broken is better than broken 😅

[Mark-Simulacrum]

Definitely happy to take a PR! If this wasn't a shell script I might even do it myself, but parsing TOML (I think necessary?) would be... very painful in shell.