angular2-2.0.0-alpha.35.d.ts

// Type definitions for Angular v2.0.0-alpha.35
// Project: http://angular.io/
// Definitions by: angular team <https://github.com/angular/>
// Definitions: https://github.com/borisyankov/DefinitelyTyped

// ***********************************************************
// This file is generated by the Angular build process.
// Please do not create manual edits or send pull requests
// modifying this file.
// ***********************************************************

// angular2/angular2 depends transitively on these libraries.
// If you don't have them installed you can install them using TSD
// https://github.com/DefinitelyTyped/tsd

///<reference path="../es6-promise/es6-promise.d.ts"/>
///<reference path="../rx/rx.d.ts"/>


interface List<T> extends Array<T> {}
interface Map<K,V> {}
interface StringMap<K,V> extends Map<K,V> {}

declare module ng {
  // See https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/1168
  class BaseException /* extends Error */ {
    message: string;
    stack: string;
    toString(): string;
  }
  interface InjectableReference {}
}




/**
 * The `angular2` is the single place to import all of the individual types.
 */
declare module ng {

  /**
   * Declare reusable UI building blocks for an application.
   * 
   * Each Angular component requires a single `@Component` and at least one `@View` annotation. The
   * `@Component`
   * annotation specifies when a component is instantiated, and which properties and hostListeners it
   * binds to.
   * 
   * When a component is instantiated, Angular
   * - creates a shadow DOM for the component.
   * - loads the selected template into the shadow DOM.
   * - creates all the injectable objects configured with `bindings` and `viewBindings`.
   * 
   * All template expressions and statements are then evaluated against the component instance.
   * 
   * For details on the `@View` annotation, see {@link ViewMetadata}.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * ```
   * @Component({
   *   selector: 'greet'
   * })
   * @View({
   *   template: 'Hello {{name}}!'
   * })
   * class Greet {
   *   name: string;
   * 
   *   constructor() {
   *     this.name = 'World';
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   */
  class ComponentMetadata extends DirectiveMetadata {
    

    /**
     * Defines the used change detection strategy.
     * 
     * When a component is instantiated, Angular creates a change detector, which is responsible for
     * propagating
     * the component's bindings.
     * 
     * The `changeDetection` property defines, whether the change detection will be checked every time
     * or only when the component
     * tells it to do so.
     */
     changeDetection: string;
    

    /**
     * Defines the set of injectable objects that are visible to its view dom children.
     * 
     * ## Simple Example
     * 
     * Here is an example of a class that can be injected:
     * 
     * ```
     * class Greeter {
     *    greet(name:string) {
     *      return 'Hello ' + name + '!';
     *    }
     * }
     * 
     * @Directive({
     *   selector: 'needs-greeter'
     * })
     * class NeedsGreeter {
     *   greeter:Greeter;
     * 
     *   constructor(greeter:Greeter) {
     *     this.greeter = greeter;
     *   }
     * }
     * 
     * @Component({
     *   selector: 'greet',
     *   viewBindings: [
     *     Greeter
     *   ]
     * })
     * @View({
     *   template: `<needs-greeter></needs-greeter>`,
     *   directives: [NeedsGreeter]
     * })
     * class HelloWorld {
     * }
     * 
     * ```
     */
     viewBindings: List<any>;
  }
  

  /**
   * Directives allow you to attach behavior to elements in the DOM.
   * 
   * {@link DirectiveMetadata}s with an embedded view are called {@link ComponentMetadata}s.
   * 
   * A directive consists of a single directive annotation and a controller class. When the
   * directive's `selector` matches
   * elements in the DOM, the following steps occur:
   * 
   * 1. For each directive, the `ElementInjector` attempts to resolve the directive's constructor
   * arguments.
   * 2. Angular instantiates directives for each matched element using `ElementInjector` in a
   * depth-first order,
   *    as declared in the HTML.
   * 
   * ## Understanding How Injection Works
   * 
   * There are three stages of injection resolution.
   * - *Pre-existing Injectors*:
   *   - The terminal {@link Injector} cannot resolve dependencies. It either throws an error or, if
   * the dependency was
   *     specified as `@Optional`, returns `null`.
   *   - The platform injector resolves browser singleton resources, such as: cookies, title,
   * location, and others.
   * - *Component Injectors*: Each component instance has its own {@link Injector}, and they follow
   * the same parent-child hierarchy
   *     as the component instances in the DOM.
   * - *Element Injectors*: Each component instance has a Shadow DOM. Within the Shadow DOM each
   * element has an `ElementInjector`
   *     which follow the same parent-child hierarchy as the DOM elements themselves.
   * 
   * When a template is instantiated, it also must instantiate the corresponding directives in a
   * depth-first order. The
   * current `ElementInjector` resolves the constructor dependencies for each directive.
   * 
   * Angular then resolves dependencies as follows, according to the order in which they appear in the
   * {@link ViewMetadata}:
   * 
   * 1. Dependencies on the current element
   * 2. Dependencies on element injectors and their parents until it encounters a Shadow DOM boundary
   * 3. Dependencies on component injectors and their parents until it encounters the root component
   * 4. Dependencies on pre-existing injectors
   * 
   * 
   * The `ElementInjector` can inject other directives, element-specific special objects, or it can
   * delegate to the parent
   * injector.
   * 
   * To inject other directives, declare the constructor parameter as:
   * - `directive:DirectiveType`: a directive on the current element only
   * - `@Host() directive:DirectiveType`: any directive that matches the type between the current
   * element and the
   *    Shadow DOM root.
   * - `@Query(DirectiveType) query:QueryList<DirectiveType>`: A live collection of direct child
   * directives.
   * - `@QueryDescendants(DirectiveType) query:QueryList<DirectiveType>`: A live collection of any
   * child directives.
   * 
   * To inject element-specific special objects, declare the constructor parameter as:
   * - `element: ElementRef` to obtain a reference to logical element in the view.
   * - `viewContainer: ViewContainerRef` to control child template instantiation, for
   * {@link DirectiveMetadata} directives only
   * - `bindingPropagation: BindingPropagation` to control change detection in a more granular way.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * The following example demonstrates how dependency injection resolves constructor arguments in
   * practice.
   * 
   * 
   * Assume this HTML template:
   * 
   * ```
   * <div dependency="1">
   *   <div dependency="2">
   *     <div dependency="3" my-directive>
   *       <div dependency="4">
   *         <div dependency="5"></div>
   *       </div>
   *       <div dependency="6"></div>
   *     </div>
   *   </div>
   * </div>
   * ```
   * 
   * With the following `dependency` decorator and `SomeService` injectable class.
   * 
   * ```
   * @Injectable()
   * class SomeService {
   * }
   * 
   * @Directive({
   *   selector: '[dependency]',
   *   properties: [
   *     'id: dependency'
   *   ]
   * })
   * class Dependency {
   *   id:string;
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * Let's step through the different ways in which `MyDirective` could be declared...
   * 
   * 
   * ### No injection
   * 
   * Here the constructor is declared with no arguments, therefore nothing is injected into
   * `MyDirective`.
   * 
   * ```
   * @Directive({ selector: '[my-directive]' })
   * class MyDirective {
   *   constructor() {
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * This directive would be instantiated with no dependencies.
   * 
   * 
   * ### Component-level injection
   * 
   * Directives can inject any injectable instance from the closest component injector or any of its
   * parents.
   * 
   * Here, the constructor declares a parameter, `someService`, and injects the `SomeService` type
   * from the parent
   * component's injector.
   * ```
   * @Directive({ selector: '[my-directive]' })
   * class MyDirective {
   *   constructor(someService: SomeService) {
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * This directive would be instantiated with a dependency on `SomeService`.
   * 
   * 
   * ### Injecting a directive from the current element
   * 
   * Directives can inject other directives declared on the current element.
   * 
   * ```
   * @Directive({ selector: '[my-directive]' })
   * class MyDirective {
   *   constructor(dependency: Dependency) {
   *     expect(dependency.id).toEqual(3);
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * This directive would be instantiated with `Dependency` declared at the same element, in this case
   * `dependency="3"`.
   * 
   * ### Injecting a directive from any ancestor elements
   * 
   * Directives can inject other directives declared on any ancestor element (in the current Shadow
   * DOM), i.e. on the current element, the
   * parent element, or its parents.
   * ```
   * @Directive({ selector: '[my-directive]' })
   * class MyDirective {
   *   constructor(@Host() dependency: Dependency) {
   *     expect(dependency.id).toEqual(2);
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * `@Host` checks the current element, the parent, as well as its parents recursively. If
   * `dependency="2"` didn't
   * exist on the direct parent, this injection would
   * have returned
   * `dependency="1"`.
   * 
   * 
   * ### Injecting a live collection of direct child directives
   * 
   * 
   * A directive can also query for other child directives. Since parent directives are instantiated
   * before child directives, a directive can't simply inject the list of child directives. Instead,
   * the directive injects a {@link QueryList}, which updates its contents as children are added,
   * removed, or moved by a directive that uses a {@link ViewContainerRef} such as a `ng-for`, an
   * `ng-if`, or an `ng-switch`.
   * 
   * ```
   * @Directive({ selector: '[my-directive]' })
   * class MyDirective {
   *   constructor(@Query(Dependency) dependencies:QueryList<Dependency>) {
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * This directive would be instantiated with a {@link QueryList} which contains `Dependency` 4 and
   * 6. Here, `Dependency` 5 would not be included, because it is not a direct child.
   * 
   * ### Injecting a live collection of descendant directives
   * 
   * By passing the descendant flag to `@Query` above, we can include the children of the child
   * elements.
   * 
   * ```
   * @Directive({ selector: '[my-directive]' })
   * class MyDirective {
   *   constructor(@Query(Dependency, {descendants: true}) dependencies:QueryList<Dependency>) {
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * This directive would be instantiated with a Query which would contain `Dependency` 4, 5 and 6.
   * 
   * ### Optional injection
   * 
   * The normal behavior of directives is to return an error when a specified dependency cannot be
   * resolved. If you
   * would like to inject `null` on unresolved dependency instead, you can annotate that dependency
   * with `@Optional()`.
   * This explicitly permits the author of a template to treat some of the surrounding directives as
   * optional.
   * 
   * ```
   * @Directive({ selector: '[my-directive]' })
   * class MyDirective {
   *   constructor(@Optional() dependency:Dependency) {
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * This directive would be instantiated with a `Dependency` directive found on the current element.
   * If none can be
   * found, the injector supplies `null` instead of throwing an error.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * Here we use a decorator directive to simply define basic tool-tip behavior.
   * 
   * ```
   * @Directive({
   *   selector: '[tooltip]',
   *   properties: [
   *     'text: tooltip'
   *   ],
   *   host: {
   *     '(mouseenter)': 'onMouseEnter()',
   *     '(mouseleave)': 'onMouseLeave()'
   *   }
   * })
   * class Tooltip{
   *   text:string;
   *   overlay:Overlay; // NOT YET IMPLEMENTED
   *   overlayManager:OverlayManager; // NOT YET IMPLEMENTED
   * 
   *   constructor(overlayManager:OverlayManager) {
   *     this.overlay = overlay;
   *   }
   * 
   *   onMouseEnter() {
   *     // exact signature to be determined
   *     this.overlay = this.overlayManager.open(text, ...);
   *   }
   * 
   *   onMouseLeave() {
   *     this.overlay.close();
   *     this.overlay = null;
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * In our HTML template, we can then add this behavior to a `<div>` or any other element with the
   * `tooltip` selector,
   * like so:
   * 
   * ```
   * <div tooltip="some text here"></div>
   * ```
   * 
   * Directives can also control the instantiation, destruction, and positioning of inline template
   * elements:
   * 
   * A directive uses a {@link ViewContainerRef} to instantiate, insert, move, and destroy views at
   * runtime.
   * The {@link ViewContainerRef} is created as a result of `<template>` element, and represents a
   * location in the current view
   * where these actions are performed.
   * 
   * Views are always created as children of the current {@link ViewMetadata}, and as siblings of the
   * `<template>` element. Thus a
   * directive in a child view cannot inject the directive that created it.
   * 
   * Since directives that create views via ViewContainers are common in Angular, and using the full
   * `<template>` element syntax is wordy, Angular
   * also supports a shorthand notation: `<li *foo="bar">` and `<li template="foo: bar">` are
   * equivalent.
   * 
   * Thus,
   * 
   * ```
   * <ul>
   *   <li *foo="bar" title="text"></li>
   * </ul>
   * ```
   * 
   * Expands in use to:
   * 
   * ```
   * <ul>
   *   <template [foo]="bar">
   *     <li title="text"></li>
   *   </template>
   * </ul>
   * ```
   * 
   * Notice that although the shorthand places `*foo="bar"` within the `<li>` element, the binding for
   * the directive
   * controller is correctly instantiated on the `<template>` element rather than the `<li>` element.
   * 
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * Let's suppose we want to implement the `unless` behavior, to conditionally include a template.
   * 
   * Here is a simple directive that triggers on an `unless` selector:
   * 
   * ```
   * @Directive({
   *   selector: '[unless]',
   *   properties: ['unless']
   * })
   * export class Unless {
   *   viewContainer: ViewContainerRef;
   *   templateRef: TemplateRef;
   *   prevCondition: boolean;
   * 
   *   constructor(viewContainer: ViewContainerRef, templateRef: TemplateRef) {
   *     this.viewContainer = viewContainer;
   *     this.templateRef = templateRef;
   *     this.prevCondition = null;
   *   }
   * 
   *   set unless(newCondition) {
   *     if (newCondition && (isBlank(this.prevCondition) || !this.prevCondition)) {
   *       this.prevCondition = true;
   *       this.viewContainer.clear();
   *     } else if (!newCondition && (isBlank(this.prevCondition) || this.prevCondition)) {
   *       this.prevCondition = false;
   *       this.viewContainer.create(this.templateRef);
   *     }
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * We can then use this `unless` selector in a template:
   * ```
   * <ul>
   *   <li *unless="expr"></li>
   * </ul>
   * ```
   * 
   * Once the directive instantiates the child view, the shorthand notation for the template expands
   * and the result is:
   * 
   * ```
   * <ul>
   *   <template [unless]="exp">
   *     <li></li>
   *   </template>
   *   <li></li>
   * </ul>
   * ```
   * 
   * Note also that although the `<li></li>` template still exists inside the `<template></template>`,
   * the instantiated
   * view occurs on the second `<li></li>` which is a sibling to the `<template>` element.
   */
  class DirectiveMetadata extends InjectableMetadata {
    

    /**
     * The CSS selector that triggers the instantiation of a directive.
     * 
     * Angular only allows directives to trigger on CSS selectors that do not cross element
     * boundaries.
     * 
     * `selector` may be declared as one of the following:
     * 
     * - `element-name`: select by element name.
     * - `.class`: select by class name.
     * - `[attribute]`: select by attribute name.
     * - `[attribute=value]`: select by attribute name and value.
     * - `:not(sub_selector)`: select only if the element does not match the `sub_selector`.
     * - `selector1, selector2`: select if either `selector1` or `selector2` matches.
     * 
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * Suppose we have a directive with an `input[type=text]` selector.
     * 
     * And the following HTML:
     * 
     * ```html
     * <form>
     *   <input type="text">
     *   <input type="radio">
     * <form>
     * ```
     * 
     * The directive would only be instantiated on the `<input type="text">` element.
     */
     selector: string;
    

    /**
     * Enumerates the set of properties that accept data binding for a directive.
     * 
     * The `properties` property defines a set of `directiveProperty` to `bindingProperty`
     * configuration:
     * 
     * - `directiveProperty` specifies the component property where the value is written.
     * - `bindingProperty` specifies the DOM property where the value is read from.
     * 
     * You can include a {@link PipeMetadata} when specifying a `bindingProperty` to allow for data
     * transformation and structural change detection of the value. These pipes will be evaluated in
     * the context of this component.
     * 
     * ## Syntax
     * 
     * There is no need to specify both `directiveProperty` and `bindingProperty` when they both have
     * the same value.
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   properties: [
     *     'propertyName', // shorthand notation for 'propertyName: propertyName'
     *     'directiveProperty1: bindingProperty1',
     *     'directiveProperty2: bindingProperty2 | pipe1 | ...',
     *     ...
     *   ]
     * }
     * ```
     * 
     * 
     * ## Basic Property Binding
     * 
     * We can easily build a simple `Tooltip` directive that exposes a `tooltip` property, which can
     * be used in templates with standard Angular syntax. For example:
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   selector: '[tooltip]',
     *   properties: [
     *     'text: tooltip'
     *   ]
     * })
     * class Tooltip {
     *   set text(value: string) {
     *     // This will get called every time with the new value when the 'tooltip' property changes
     *   }
     * }
     * ```
     * 
     * We can then bind to the `tooltip' property as either an expression (`someExpression`) or as a
     * string literal, as shown in the HTML template below:
     * 
     * ```html
     * <div [tooltip]="someExpression">...</div>
     * <div tooltip="Some Text">...</div>
     * ```
     * 
     * Whenever the `someExpression` expression changes, the `properties` declaration instructs
     * Angular to update the `Tooltip`'s `text` property.
     * 
     * ### Bindings With Pipes
     * 
     * You can use pipes in bindings, as follows:
     * 
     * ```html
     * <div [class-set]="someExpression | somePipe">
     * ```
     */
     properties: List<string>;
    

    /**
     * Enumerates the set of emitted events.
     * 
     * ## Syntax
     * 
     * ```
     * @Component({
     *   events: ['statusChange']
     * })
     * class TaskComponent {
     *   statusChange: EventEmitter;
     * 
     *   constructor() {
     *     this.statusChange = new EventEmitter();
     *   }
     * 
     *   onComplete() {
     *     this.statusChange.next('completed');
     *   }
     * }
     * ```
     * 
     * Use `propertyName: eventName` when the event emitter property name is different from the name
     * of the emitted event:
     * 
     * ```
     * @Component({
     *   events: ['status: statusChange']
     * })
     * class TaskComponent {
     *   status: EventEmitter;
     * 
     *   constructor() {
     *     this.status = new EventEmitter();
     *   }
     * 
     *   onComplete() {
     *     this.status.next('completed');
     *   }
     * }
     * ```
     */
     events: List<string>;
    

    /**
     * Specifiy the events, actions, properties and attributes related to the host element.
     * 
     * ## Events
     * 
     * Specifies which DOM hostListeners a directive listens to via a set of `(event)` to `method`
     * key-value pairs:
     * 
     * - `event1`: the DOM event that the directive listens to.
     * - `statement`: the statement to execute when the event occurs.
     * If the evalutation of the statement returns `false`, then `preventDefault`is applied on the DOM
     * event.
     * 
     * To listen to global events, a target must be added to the event name.
     * The target can be `window`, `document` or `body`.
     * 
     * When writing a directive event binding, you can also refer to the following local variables:
     * - `$event`: Current event object which triggered the event.
     * - `$target`: The source of the event. This will be either a DOM element or an Angular
     * directive. (will be implemented in later release)
     * 
     * ## Syntax
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   host: {
     *     '(event1)': 'onMethod1(arguments)',
     *     '(target:event2)': 'onMethod2(arguments)',
     *     ...
     *   }
     * }
     * ```
     * 
     * ## Basic Event Binding:
     * 
     * Suppose you want to write a directive that reacts to `change` events in the DOM and on
     * `resize` events in window.
     * You would define the event binding as follows:
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   selector: 'input',
     *   host: {
     *     '(change)': 'onChange($event)',
     *     '(window:resize)': 'onResize($event)'
     *   }
     * })
     * class InputDirective {
     *   onChange(event:Event) {
     *     // invoked when the input element fires the 'change' event
     *   }
     *   onResize(event:Event) {
     *     // invoked when the window fires the 'resize' event
     *   }
     * }
     * ```
     * 
     * ## Properties
     * 
     * Specifies which DOM properties a directives updates.
     * 
     * ## Syntax
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   selector: 'input',
     *   host: {
     *     '[prop]': 'expression'
     *   }
     * })
     * class InputDirective {
     *   value:string;
     * }
     * ```
     * 
     * In this example the prop property of the host element is updated with the expression value
     * every time it changes.
     * 
     * ## Attributes
     * 
     * Specifies static attributes that should be propagated to a host element. Attributes specified
     * in `hostAttributes` are propagated only if a given attribute is not present on a host element.
     * 
     * ## Syntax
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   selector: '[my-button]',
     *   host: {
     *     'role': 'button'
     *   }
     * })
     * class MyButton {
     * }
     * ```
     * 
     * In this example using `my-button` directive (ex.: `<div my-button></div>`) on a host element
     * (here: `<div>` ) will ensure that this element will get the "button" role.
     * 
     * ## Actions
     * 
     * Specifies which DOM methods a directive can invoke.
     * 
     * ## Syntax
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   selector: 'input',
     *   host: {
     *     '@emitFocus': 'focus()'
     *   }
     * })
     * class InputDirective {
     *   constructor() {
     *     this.emitFocus = new EventEmitter();
     *   }
     * 
     *   focus() {
     *     this.emitFocus.next();
     *   }
     * }
     * ```
     * 
     * In this example calling focus on InputDirective will result in calling focus on the input.
     */
     host: StringMap<string, string>;
    

    /**
     * Specifies which lifecycle should be notified to the directive.
     * 
     * See {@link LifecycleEvent} for details.
     */
     lifecycle: List<LifecycleEvent>;
    

    /**
     * If set to false the compiler does not compile the children of this directive.
     */
     compileChildren: boolean;
    

    /**
     * Defines the set of injectable objects that are visible to a Directive and its light dom
     * children.
     * 
     * ## Simple Example
     * 
     * Here is an example of a class that can be injected:
     * 
     * ```
     * class Greeter {
     *    greet(name:string) {
     *      return 'Hello ' + name + '!';
     *    }
     * }
     * 
     * @Directive({
     *   selector: 'greet',
     *   bindings: [
     *     Greeter
     *   ]
     * })
     * class HelloWorld {
     *   greeter:Greeter;
     * 
     *   constructor(greeter:Greeter) {
     *     this.greeter = greeter;
     *   }
     * }
     * ```
     */
     bindings: List<any>;
    

    /**
     * Defines the name that can be used in the template to assign this directive to a variable.
     * 
     * ## Simple Example
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   selector: 'child-dir',
     *   exportAs: 'child'
     * })
     * class ChildDir {
     * }
     * 
     * @Component({
     *   selector: 'main',
     * })
     * @View({
     *   template: `<child-dir #c="child"></child-dir>`,
     *   directives: [ChildDir]
     * })
     * class MainComponent {
     * }
     * 
     * ```
     */
     exportAs: string;
  }
  

  /**
   * Declare reusable pipe function.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * ```
   * @Pipe({
   *   name: 'lowercase'
   * })
   * class Lowercase {
   *   transform(v, args) { return v.toLowerCase(); }
   * }
   * ```
   */
  class PipeMetadata extends InjectableMetadata {
    
     name: string;
  }
  

  /**
   * Lifecycle events are guaranteed to be called in the following order:
   * - `onChange` (optional if any bindings have changed),
   * - `onInit` (optional after the first check only),
   * - `onCheck`,
   * - `onAllChangesDone`
   */
  enum LifecycleEvent {
    

    /**
     * Notify a directive whenever a {@link ViewMetadata} that contains it is destroyed.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   ...,
     *   lifecycle: [LifecycleEvent.onDestroy]
     * })
     * class ClassSet {
     *   onDestroy() {
     *     // invoked to notify directive of the containing view destruction.
     *   }
     * }
     * ```
     */
     onDestroy,
    

    /**
     * Notify a directive when any of its bindings have changed.
     * 
     * This method is called right after the directive's bindings have been checked,
     * and before any of its children's bindings have been checked.
     * 
     * It is invoked only if at least one of the directive's bindings has changed.
     * 
     * ## Example:
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   selector: '[class-set]',
     *   properties: [
     *     'propA',
     *     'propB'
     *   ],
     *   lifecycle: [LifecycleEvent.onChange]
     * })
     * class ClassSet {
     *   propA;
     *   propB;
     *   onChange(changes:{[idx: string, PropertyUpdate]}) {
     *     // This will get called after any of the properties have been updated.
     *     if (changes['propA']) {
     *       // if propA was updated
     *     }
     *     if (changes['propA']) {
     *       // if propB was updated
     *     }
     *   }
     * }
     *  ```
     */
     onChange,
    

    /**
     * Notify a directive when it has been checked.
     * 
     * This method is called right after the directive's bindings have been checked,
     * and before any of its children's bindings have been checked.
     * 
     * It is invoked every time even when none of the directive's bindings has changed.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   selector: '[class-set]',
     *   lifecycle: [LifecycleEvent.onCheck]
     * })
     * class ClassSet {
     *   onCheck() {
     *   }
     * }
     *  ```
     */
     onCheck,
    

    /**
     * Notify a directive when it has been checked the first itme.
     * 
     * This method is called right after the directive's bindings have been checked,
     * and before any of its children's bindings have been checked.
     * 
     * It is invoked only once.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   selector: '[class-set]',
     *   lifecycle: [LifecycleEvent.onInit]
     * })
     * class ClassSet {
     *   onInit() {
     *   }
     * }
     *  ```
     */
     onInit,
    

    /**
     * Notify a directive when the bindings of all its children have been checked (whether they have
     * changed or not).
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```
     * @Directive({
     *   selector: '[class-set]',
     *   lifecycle: [LifecycleEvent.onAllChangesDone]
     * })
     * class ClassSet {
     * 
     *   onAllChangesDone() {
     *   }
     * 
     * }
     *  ```
     */
     onAllChangesDone
  }
  

  /**
   * Declares the available HTML templates for an application.
   * 
   * Each angular component requires a single `@Component` and at least one `@View` annotation. The
   * `@View` annotation specifies the HTML template to use, and lists the directives that are active
   * within the template.
   * 
   * When a component is instantiated, the template is loaded into the component's shadow root, and
   * the expressions and statements in the template are evaluated against the component.
   * 
   * For details on the `@Component` annotation, see {@link ComponentMetadata}.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * ```
   * @Component({
   *   selector: 'greet'
   * })
   * @View({
   *   template: 'Hello {{name}}!',
   *   directives: [GreetUser, Bold]
   * })
   * class Greet {
   *   name: string;
   * 
   *   constructor() {
   *     this.name = 'World';
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   */
  class ViewMetadata {
    

    /**
     * Specifies a template URL for an angular component.
     * 
     * NOTE: either `templateUrl` or `template` should be used, but not both.
     */
     templateUrl: string;
    

    /**
     * Specifies an inline template for an angular component.
     * 
     * NOTE: either `templateUrl` or `template` should be used, but not both.
     */
     template: string;
    

    /**
     * Specifies stylesheet URLs for an angular component.
     */
     styleUrls: List<string>;
    

    /**
     * Specifies an inline stylesheet for an angular component.
     */
     styles: List<string>;
    

    /**
     * Specifies a list of directives that can be used within a template.
     * 
     * Directives must be listed explicitly to provide proper component encapsulation.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```javascript
     * @Component({
     *     selector: 'my-component'
     *   })
     * @View({
     *   directives: [For]
     *   template: '
     *   <ul>
     *     <li *ng-for="#item of items">{{item}}</li>
     *   </ul>'
     * })
     * class MyComponent {
     * }
     * ```
     */
     directives: List<Type | any | List<any>>;
    
     pipes: List<Type | any | List<any>>;
    

    /**
     * Specify how the template and the styles should be encapsulated.
     * The default is {@link ViewEncapsulation#EMULATED `ViewEncapsulation.EMULATED`} if the view
     * has styles,
     * otherwise {@link ViewEncapsulation#NONE `ViewEncapsulation.NONE`}.
     */
     encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation;
  }
  

  /**
   * How the template and styles of a view should be encapsulated.
   */
  enum ViewEncapsulation {
    

    /**
     * Emulate scoping of styles by preprocessing the style rules
     * and adding additional attributes to elements. This is the default.
     */
     EMULATED,
    

    /**
     * Uses the native mechanism of the renderer. For the DOM this means creating a ShadowRoot.
     */
     NATIVE,
    

    /**
     * Don't scope the template nor the styles.
     */
     NONE
  }
  

  /**
   * Specifies that a {@link QueryList} should be injected.
   * 
   * See {@link QueryList} for usage and example.
   */
  class QueryMetadata extends DependencyMetadata {
    
     descendants: boolean;
    
     isViewQuery: void;
    
     selector: void;
    
     isVarBindingQuery: boolean;
    
     varBindings: List<string>;
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * Specifies that a constant attribute value should be injected.
   * 
   * The directive can inject constant string literals of host element attributes.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * Suppose we have an `<input>` element and want to know its `type`.
   * 
   * ```html
   * <input type="text">
   * ```
   * 
   * A decorator can inject string literal `text` like so:
   * 
   * ```javascript
   * @Directive({
   *   selector: `input'
   * })
   * class InputDirective {
   *   constructor(@Attribute('type') type) {
   *     // type would be `text` in this example
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   */
  class AttributeMetadata extends DependencyMetadata {
    
     attributeName: string;
    
     token: void;
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * {@link AttributeMetadata} factory function.
   */
  var Attribute : AttributeFactory ;
  

  /**
   * {@link AttributeMetadata} factory for creating annotations, decorators or DSL.
   * 
   * ## Example as TypeScript Decorator
   * 
   * ```
   * import {Attribute, Component, View} from "angular2/angular2";
   * 
   * @Component({...})
   * @View({...})
   * class MyComponent {
   *   constructor(@Attribute('title') title: string) {
   *     ...
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * ## Example as ES5 DSL
   * 
   * ```
   * var MyComponent = ng
   *   .Component({...})
   *   .View({...})
   *   .Class({
   *     constructor: [new ng.Attribute('title'), function(title) {
   *       ...
   *     }]
   *   })
   * ```
   * 
   * ## Example as ES5 annotation
   * 
   * ```
   * var MyComponent = function(title) {
   *   ...
   * };
   * 
   * MyComponent.annotations = [
   *   new ng.Component({...})
   *   new ng.View({...})
   * ]
   * MyComponent.parameters = [
   *   [new ng.Attribute('title')]
   * ]
   * ```
   */
  interface AttributeFactory {
    
     new(name: string): AttributeMetadata;
  
    
     (name: string): TypeDecorator;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * {@link ComponentMetadata} factory function.
   */
  var Component : ComponentFactory ;
  

  /**
   * Interface for the {@link ComponentMetadata} decorator function.
   * 
   * See {@link ComponentFactory}.
   */
  interface ComponentDecorator extends TypeDecorator {
    

    /**
     * Chain {@link ViewMetadata} annotation.
     */
     View(obj: {
    templateUrl?: string,
    template?: string,
    directives?: List<Type | any | List<any>>,
    pipes?: List<Type | any | List<any>>,
    renderer?: string,
    styles?: List<string>,
    styleUrls?: List<string>,
  }): ViewDecorator;
  }
  

  /**
   * {@link ComponentAnnotation} factory for creating annotations, decorators or DSL.
   * 
   * ## Example as TypeScript Decorator
   * 
   * ```
   * import {Component, View} from "angular2/angular2";
   * 
   * @Component({...})
   * @View({...})
   * class MyComponent {
   *   constructor() {
   *     ...
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * ## Example as ES5 DSL
   * 
   * ```
   * var MyComponent = ng
   *   .Component({...})
   *   .View({...})
   *   .Class({
   *     constructor: function() {
   *       ...
   *     }
   *   })
   * ```
   * 
   * ## Example as ES5 annotation
   * 
   * ```
   * var MyComponent = function() {
   *   ...
   * };
   * 
   * MyComponent.annotations = [
   *   new ng.Component({...})
   *   new ng.View({...})
   * ]
   * ```
   */
  interface ComponentFactory {
    
     new(obj: {
    selector?: string,
    properties?: List<string>,
    events?: List<string>,
    host?: StringMap<string, string>,
    lifecycle?: List<LifecycleEvent>,
    bindings?: List<any>,
    exportAs?: string,
    compileChildren?: boolean,
    viewBindings?: List<any>,
    changeDetection?: string,
  }): ComponentMetadata;
  
    
     (obj: {
    selector?: string,
    properties?: List<string>,
    events?: List<string>,
    host?: StringMap<string, string>,
    lifecycle?: List<LifecycleEvent>,
    bindings?: List<any>,
    exportAs?: string,
    compileChildren?: boolean,
    viewBindings?: List<any>,
    changeDetection?: string,
  }): ComponentDecorator;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * {@link DirectiveMetadata} factory function.
   */
  var Directive : DirectiveFactory ;
  

  /**
   * Interface for the {@link DirectiveMetadata} decorator function.
   * 
   * See {@link DirectiveFactory}.
   */
  interface DirectiveDecorator extends TypeDecorator {
  }
  

  /**
   * {@link DirectiveMetadata} factory for creating annotations, decorators or DSL.
   * 
   * ## Example as TypeScript Decorator
   * 
   * ```
   * import {Directive} from "angular2/angular2";
   * 
   * @Directive({...})
   * class MyDirective {
   *   constructor() {
   *     ...
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * ## Example as ES5 DSL
   * 
   * ```
   * var MyDirective = ng
   *   .Directive({...})
   *   .Class({
   *     constructor: function() {
   *       ...
   *     }
   *   })
   * ```
   * 
   * ## Example as ES5 annotation
   * 
   * ```
   * var MyDirective = function() {
   *   ...
   * };
   * 
   * MyDirective.annotations = [
   *   new ng.Directive({...})
   * ]
   * ```
   */
  interface DirectiveFactory {
    
     new(obj: {
    selector?: string, properties?: List<string>, events?: List<string>,
        host?: StringMap<string, string>, lifecycle?: List<LifecycleEvent>, bindings?: List<any>,
        exportAs?: string, compileChildren?: boolean;
  }): DirectiveMetadata;
  
    
     (obj: {
    selector?: string, properties?: List<string>, events?: List<string>,
        host?: StringMap<string, string>, lifecycle?: List<LifecycleEvent>, bindings?: List<any>,
        exportAs?: string, compileChildren?: boolean;
  }): DirectiveDecorator;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * {@link ViewMetadata} factory function.
   */
  var View : ViewFactory ;
  

  /**
   * Interface for the {@link ViewMetadata} decorator function.
   * 
   * See {@link ViewFactory}.
   */
  interface ViewDecorator extends TypeDecorator {
    

    /**
     * Chain {@link ViewMetadata} annotation.
     */
     View(obj: {
    templateUrl?: string,
    template?: string,
    directives?: List<Type | any | List<any>>,
    pipes?: List<Type | any | List<any>>,
    renderer?: string,
    styles?: List<string>,
    styleUrls?: List<string>,
  }): ViewDecorator;
  }
  

  /**
   * {@link ViewAnnotation} factory for creating annotations, decorators or DSL.
   * 
   * ## Example as TypeScript Decorator
   * 
   * ```
   * import {Component, View} from "angular2/angular2";
   * 
   * @Component({...})
   * @View({...})
   * class MyComponent {
   *   constructor() {
   *     ...
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * ## Example as ES5 DSL
   * 
   * ```
   * var MyComponent = ng
   *   .Component({...})
   *   .View({...})
   *   .Class({
   *     constructor: function() {
   *       ...
   *     }
   *   })
   * ```
   * 
   * ## Example as ES5 annotation
   * 
   * ```
   * var MyComponent = function() {
   *   ...
   * };
   * 
   * MyComponent.annotations = [
   *   new ng.Component({...})
   *   new ng.View({...})
   * ]
   * ```
   */
  interface ViewFactory {
    
     new(obj: {
    templateUrl?: string,
    template?: string,
    directives?: List<Type | any | List<any>>,
    encapsulation?: ViewEncapsulation,
    styles?: List<string>,
    styleUrls?: List<string>,
  }): ViewMetadata;
  
    
     (obj: {
    templateUrl?: string,
    template?: string,
    directives?: List<Type | any | List<any>>,
    encapsulation?: ViewEncapsulation,
    styles?: List<string>,
    styleUrls?: List<string>,
  }): ViewDecorator;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * {@link QueryMetadata} factory function.
   */
  var Query : QueryFactory ;
  

  /**
   * {@link QueryMetadata} factory for creating annotations, decorators or DSL.
   * 
   * ## Example as TypeScript Decorator
   * 
   * ```
   * import {Query, QueryList, Component, View} from "angular2/angular2";
   * 
   * @Component({...})
   * @View({...})
   * class MyComponent {
   *   constructor(@Query(SomeType) queryList: QueryList) {
   *     ...
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * ## Example as ES5 DSL
   * 
   * ```
   * var MyComponent = ng
   *   .Component({...})
   *   .View({...})
   *   .Class({
   *     constructor: [new ng.Query(SomeType), function(queryList) {
   *       ...
   *     }]
   *   })
   * ```
   * 
   * ## Example as ES5 annotation
   * 
   * ```
   * var MyComponent = function(queryList) {
   *   ...
   * };
   * 
   * MyComponent.annotations = [
   *   new ng.Component({...})
   *   new ng.View({...})
   * ]
   * MyComponent.parameters = [
   *   [new ng.Query(SomeType)]
   * ]
   * ```
   */
  interface QueryFactory {
    
     new(selector: Type | string, {descendants}?: {descendants?: boolean}): QueryMetadata;
  
    
     (selector: Type | string, {descendants}?: {descendants?: boolean}): ParameterDecorator;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * {@link ViewQueryMetadata} factory function.
   */
  var ViewQuery : QueryFactory ;
  

  /**
   * {@link PipeMetadata} factory function.
   */
  var Pipe : PipeFactory ;
  

  /**
   * {@link PipeMetadata} factory for creating decorators.
   * 
   * ## Example as TypeScript Decorator
   * 
   * ```
   * import {Pipe} from "angular2/angular2";
   * 
   * @Pipe({...})
   * class MyPipe {
   *   constructor() {
   *     ...
   *   }
   * 
   *   transform(v, args) {}
   * }
   * ```
   */
  interface PipeFactory {
    
     new(obj: {
    name: string,
  }): any;
  
    
     (obj: {name: string}): any;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * Defines lifecycle method
   * {@link annotations/LifeCycleEvent#onAllChangesDone `LifeCycleEvent.onAllChangesDone`}
   * called when the bindings of all its children have been changed.
   */
  interface OnAllChangesDone {
    
     onAllChangesDone(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Defines lifecycle method {@link annotations/LifeCycleEvent#onChange `LifeCycleEvent.onChange`}
   * called after all of component's bound properties are updated.
   */
  interface OnChange {
    
     onChange(changes: StringMap<string, any>): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Defines lifecycle method {@link annotations/LifeCycleEvent#onDestroy `LifeCycleEvent.onDestroy`}
   * called when a directive is being destroyed.
   */
  interface OnDestroy {
    
     onDestroy(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Defines lifecycle method {@link annotations/LifeCycleEvent#onInit `LifeCycleEvent.onInit`}
   * called when a directive is being checked the first time.
   */
  interface OnInit {
    
     onInit(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Defines lifecycle method {@link annotations/LifeCycleEvent#onCheck `LifeCycleEvent.onCheck`}
   * called when a directive is being checked.
   */
  interface OnCheck {
    
     onCheck(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Provides a way for expressing ES6 classes with parameter annotations in ES5.
   * 
   * ## Basic Example
   * 
   * ```
   * var Greeter = ng.Class({
   *   constructor: function(name) {
   *     this.name = name;
   *   },
   * 
   *   greet: function() {
   *     alert('Hello ' + this.name + '!');
   *   }
   * });
   * ```
   * 
   * is equivalent to ES6:
   * 
   * ```
   * class Greeter {
   *   constructor(name) {
   *     this.name = name;
   *   }
   * 
   *   greet() {
   *     alert('Hello ' + this.name + '!');
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * or equivalent to ES5:
   * 
   * ```
   * var Greeter = function (name) {
   *   this.name = name;
   * }
   * 
   * Greeter.prototype.greet = function () {
   *   alert('Hello ' + this.name + '!');
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * ## Example with parameter annotations
   * 
   * ```
   * var MyService = neg.Class({
   *   constructor: [String, [new Query(), QueryList], function(name, queryList) {
   *     ...
   *   }];
   * });
   * ```
   * 
   * is equivalent to ES6:
   * 
   * ```
   * class MyService {
   *   constructor(name: string, @Query() queryList: QueryList) {
   *     ...
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * ## Example with inheritance
   * 
   * ```
   * var Shape = ng.Class({
   *   constructor: (color) {
   *     this.color = color;
   *   }
   * });
   * 
   * var Square = ng.Class({
   *   extends: Shape,
   *   constructor: function(color, size) {
   *     Shape.call(this, color);
   *     this.size = size;
   *   }
   * });
   * ```
   */
  function Class(clsDef: ClassDefinition) : Type ;
  

  /**
   * Declares the interface to be used with {@link Class}.
   */
  interface ClassDefinition {
    

    /**
     * Optional argument for specifying the superclass.
     */
     extends?: Type;
    

    /**
     * Required constructor function for a class.
     * 
     * The function may be optionally wrapped in an `Array`, in which case additional parameter
     * annotations may be specified.
     * The number of arguments and the number of parameter annotations must match.
     * 
     * See {@link Class} for example of usage.
     */
     constructor: (Function | Array<any>);
  }
  

  /**
   * An interface implemented by all Angular type decorators, which allows them to be used as ES7
   * decorators as well as
   * Angular DSL syntax.
   * 
   * DSL syntax:
   * 
   * ```
   * var MyClass = ng
   *   .Component({...})
   *   .View({...})
   *   .Class({...});
   * ```
   * 
   * ES7 syntax:
   * 
   * ```
   * @ng.Component({...})
   * @ng.View({...})
   * class MyClass {...}
   * ```
   */
  interface TypeDecorator {
    

    /**
     * Invoke as ES7 decorator.
     */
     <T extends Type>(type: T): T;
  
    

    /**
     * Storage for the accumulated annotations so far used by the DSL syntax.
     * 
     * Used by {@link Class} to annotate the generated class.
     */
     annotations: Array<any>;
    

    /**
     * Generate a class from the definition and annotate it with {@link TypeDecorator#annotations}.
     */
     Class(obj: ClassDefinition): Type;
  }
  

  /**
   * CHECK_ONCE means that after calling detectChanges the mode of the change detector
   * will become CHECKED.
   */
  const CHECK_ONCE : string ;
  

  /**
   * CHECK_ALWAYS means that after calling detectChanges the mode of the change detector
   * will remain CHECK_ALWAYS.
   */
  const CHECK_ALWAYS : string ;
  

  /**
   * DETACHED means that the change detector sub tree is not a part of the main tree and
   * should be skipped.
   */
  const DETACHED : string ;
  

  /**
   * CHECKED means that the change detector should be skipped until its mode changes to
   * CHECK_ONCE or CHECK_ALWAYS.
   */
  const CHECKED : string ;
  

  /**
   * ON_PUSH means that the change detector's mode will be set to CHECK_ONCE during hydration.
   */
  const ON_PUSH : string ;
  

  /**
   * DEFAULT means that the change detector's mode will be set to CHECK_ALWAYS during hydration.
   */
  const DEFAULT : string ;
  

  /**
   * An error thrown if application changes model breaking the top-down data flow.
   * 
   * Angular expects that the data flows from top (root) component to child (leaf) components.
   * This is known as directed acyclic graph. This allows Angular to only execute change detection
   * once and prevents loops in change detection data flow.
   * 
   * This exception is only thrown in dev mode.
   */
  class ExpressionChangedAfterItHasBeenCheckedException extends BaseException {
  }
  

  /**
   * Thrown when an expression evaluation raises an exception.
   * 
   * This error wraps the original exception, this is done to attach expression location information.
   */
  class ChangeDetectionError extends BaseException {
    

    /**
     * Location of the expression.
     */
     location: string;
  }
  
  interface ChangeDetector {
    
     parent: ChangeDetector;
    
     mode: string;
    
     ref: ChangeDetectorRef;
    
     addChild(cd: ChangeDetector): void;
    
     addShadowDomChild(cd: ChangeDetector): void;
    
     removeChild(cd: ChangeDetector): void;
    
     removeShadowDomChild(cd: ChangeDetector): void;
    
     remove(): void;
    
     hydrate(context: any, locals: Locals, directives: any, pipes: any): void;
    
     dehydrate(): void;
    
     markPathToRootAsCheckOnce(): void;
    
     handleEvent(eventName: string, elIndex: number, locals: Locals): void;
    
     detectChanges(): void;
    
     checkNoChanges(): void;
  }
  
  class Locals {
    
     parent: Locals;
    
     current: Map<any, any>;
    
     contains(name: string): boolean;
    
     get(name: string): any;
    
     set(name: string, value: any): void;
    
     clearValues(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Controls change detection.
   * 
   * {@link ChangeDetectorRef} allows requesting checks for detectors that rely on observables. It
   * also allows detaching and attaching change detector subtrees.
   */
  interface ChangeDetectorRef {
    

    /**
     * Request to check all ON_PUSH ancestors.
     */
     requestCheck(): void;
    

    /**
     * Detaches the change detector from the change detector tree.
     * 
     * The detached change detector will not be checked until it is reattached.
     */
     detach(): void;
    

    /**
     * Reattach the change detector to the change detector tree.
     * 
     * This also requests a check of this change detector. This reattached change detector will be
     * checked during the
     * next change detection run.
     */
     reattach(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Indicates that the result of a {@link PipeMetadata} transformation has changed even though the
   * reference
   * has not changed.
   * 
   * The wrapped value will be unwrapped by change detection, and the unwrapped value will be stored.
   * 
   * Example:
   * 
   * ```
   * if (this._latestValue === this._latestReturnedValue) {
   *    return this._latestReturnedValue;
   *  } else {
   *    this._latestReturnedValue = this._latestValue;
   *    return WrappedValue.wrap(this._latestValue); // this will force update
   *  }
   * ```
   */
  class WrappedValue {
    
     wrapped: any;
  }
  

  /**
   * An interface which all pipes must implement.
   * 
   * #Example
   * 
   * ```
   * class DoublePipe implements PipeTransform {
   *  transform(value, args = []) {
   *    return `${value}${value}`;
   *  }
   * }
   * ```
   */
  interface PipeTransform {
    
     transform(value: any, args: List<any>): any;
  }
  

  /**
   * An interface that stateful pipes should implement.
   * 
   * #Example
   * 
   * ```
   * class StatefulPipe implements PipeTransform, PipeOnDestroy {
   *  connection;
   * 
   *  onDestroy() {
   *    this.connection.release();
   *  }
   * 
   *  transform(value, args = []) {
   *    this.connection = createConnection();
   *    // ...
   *    return someValue;
   *  }
   * }
   * ```
   */
  interface PipeOnDestroy {
    
     onDestroy(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * A repository of different iterable diffing strategies used by NgFor, NgClass, and others.
   */
  class IterableDiffers {
    
     factories: IterableDifferFactory[];
    
     find(iterable: Object): IterableDifferFactory;
  }
  
  interface IterableDiffer {
    
     diff(object: Object): any;
    
     onDestroy(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Provides a factory for {@link IterableDiffer}.
   */
  interface IterableDifferFactory {
    
     supports(objects: Object): boolean;
    
     create(cdRef: ChangeDetectorRef): IterableDiffer;
  }
  

  /**
   * A repository of different Map diffing strategies used by NgClass, NgStyle, and others.
   */
  class KeyValueDiffers {
    
     factories: KeyValueDifferFactory[];
    
     find(kv: Object): KeyValueDifferFactory;
  }
  
  interface KeyValueDiffer {
    
     diff(object: Object): void;
    
     onDestroy(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Provides a factory for {@link KeyValueDiffer}.
   */
  interface KeyValueDifferFactory {
    
     supports(objects: Object): boolean;
    
     create(cdRef: ChangeDetectorRef): KeyValueDiffer;
  }
  

  /**
   * An opaque token representing the application root type in the {@link Injector}.
   * 
   * ```
   * @Component(...)
   * @View(...)
   * class MyApp {
   *   ...
   * }
   * 
   * bootstrap(MyApp).then((appRef:ApplicationRef) {
   *   expect(appRef.injector.get(appComponentTypeToken)).toEqual(MyApp);
   * });
   * 
   * ```
   */
  const APP_COMPONENT : OpaqueToken ;
  

  /**
   * Represents a Angular's representation of an Application.
   * 
   * `ApplicationRef` represents a running application instance. Use it to retrieve the host
   * component, injector,
   * or dispose of an application.
   */
  interface ApplicationRef {
    

    /**
     * Returns the current {@link ComponentMetadata} type.
     */
     hostComponentType: Type;
    

    /**
     * Returns the current {@link ComponentMetadata} instance.
     */
     hostComponent: any;
    

    /**
     * Dispose (un-load) the application.
     */
     dispose(): void;
    

    /**
     * Returns the root application {@link Injector}.
     */
     injector: Injector;
  }
  

  /**
   * Bootstrapping for Angular applications.
   * 
   * You instantiate an Angular application by explicitly specifying a component to use as the root
   * component for your
   * application via the `bootstrap()` method.
   * 
   * ## Simple Example
   * 
   * Assuming this `index.html`:
   * 
   * ```html
   * <html>
   *   <!-- load Angular script tags here. -->
   *   <body>
   *     <my-app>loading...</my-app>
   *   </body>
   * </html>
   * ```
   * 
   * An application is bootstrapped inside an existing browser DOM, typically `index.html`. Unlike
   * Angular 1, Angular 2
   * does not compile/process bindings in `index.html`. This is mainly for security reasons, as well
   * as architectural
   * changes in Angular 2. This means that `index.html` can safely be processed using server-side
   * technologies such as
   * bindings. Bindings can thus use double-curly `{{ syntax }}` without collision from Angular 2
   * component double-curly
   * `{{ syntax }}`.
   * 
   * We can use this script code:
   * 
   * ```
   * @Component({
   *    selector: 'my-app'
   * })
   * @View({
   *    template: 'Hello {{ name }}!'
   * })
   * class MyApp {
   *   name:string;
   * 
   *   constructor() {
   *     this.name = 'World';
   *   }
   * }
   * 
   * main() {
   *   return bootstrap(MyApp);
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * When the app developer invokes `bootstrap()` with the root component `MyApp` as its argument,
   * Angular performs the
   * following tasks:
   * 
   *  1. It uses the component's `selector` property to locate the DOM element which needs to be
   * upgraded into
   *     the angular component.
   *  2. It creates a new child injector (from the platform injector). Optionally, you can also
   * override the injector configuration for an app by
   * invoking `bootstrap` with the `componentInjectableBindings` argument.
   *  3. It creates a new `Zone` and connects it to the angular application's change detection domain
   * instance.
   *  4. It creates a shadow DOM on the selected component's host element and loads the template into
   * it.
   *  5. It instantiates the specified component.
   *  6. Finally, Angular performs change detection to apply the initial data bindings for the
   * application.
   * 
   * 
   * ## Instantiating Multiple Applications on a Single Page
   * 
   * There are two ways to do this.
   * 
   * 
   * ### Isolated Applications
   * 
   * Angular creates a new application each time that the `bootstrap()` method is invoked. When
   * multiple applications
   * are created for a page, Angular treats each application as independent within an isolated change
   * detection and
   * `Zone` domain. If you need to share data between applications, use the strategy described in the
   * next
   * section, "Applications That Share Change Detection."
   * 
   * 
   * ### Applications That Share Change Detection
   * 
   * If you need to bootstrap multiple applications that share common data, the applications must
   * share a common
   * change detection and zone. To do that, create a meta-component that lists the application
   * components in its template.
   * By only invoking the `bootstrap()` method once, with the meta-component as its argument, you
   * ensure that only a
   * single change detection zone is created and therefore data can be shared across the applications.
   * 
   * 
   * ## Platform Injector
   * 
   * When working within a browser window, there are many singleton resources: cookies, title,
   * location, and others.
   * Angular services that represent these resources must likewise be shared across all Angular
   * applications that
   * occupy the same browser window.  For this reason, Angular creates exactly one global platform
   * injector which stores
   * all shared services, and each angular application injector has the platform injector as its
   * parent.
   * 
   * Each application has its own private injector as well. When there are multiple applications on a
   * page, Angular treats
   * each application injector's services as private to that application.
   * 
   * 
   * # API
   * - `appComponentType`: The root component which should act as the application. This is a reference
   * to a `Type`
   *   which is annotated with `@Component(...)`.
   * - `componentInjectableBindings`: An additional set of bindings that can be added to the app
   * injector
   * to override default injection behavior.
   * - `errorReporter`: `function(exception:any, stackTrace:string)` a default error reporter for
   * unhandled exceptions.
   * 
   * Returns a `Promise` of {@link ApplicationRef}.
   */
  function bootstrap(appComponentType: /*Type*/ any, componentInjectableBindings?: List<Type | Binding | List<any>>) : Promise<ApplicationRef> ;
  

  /**
   * Runtime representation of a type.
   * 
   * In JavaScript a Type is a constructor function.
   */
  interface Type extends Function {
    
     new(args: any): any;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * Specifies app root url for the application.
   * 
   * Used by the {@link Compiler} when resolving HTML and CSS template URLs.
   * 
   * This interface can be overridden by the application developer to create custom behavior.
   * 
   * See {@link Compiler}
   */
  class AppRootUrl {
    

    /**
     * Returns the base URL of the currently running application.
     */
     value: void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Used by the {@link Compiler} when resolving HTML and CSS template URLs.
   * 
   * This interface can be overridden by the application developer to create custom behavior.
   * 
   * See {@link Compiler}
   */
  class UrlResolver {
    

    /**
     * Resolves the `url` given the `baseUrl`:
     * - when the `url` is null, the `baseUrl` is returned,
     * - if `url` is relative ('path/to/here', './path/to/here'), the resolved url is a combination of
     * `baseUrl` and `url`,
     * - if `url` is absolute (it has a scheme: 'http://', 'https://' or start with '/'), the `url` is
     * returned as is (ignoring the `baseUrl`)
     * 
     * @param {string} baseUrl
     * @param {string} url
     * @returns {string} the resolved URL
     */
     resolve(baseUrl: string, url: string): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * Resolve a `Type` from a {@link ComponentMetadata} into a URL.
   * 
   * This interface can be overridden by the application developer to create custom behavior.
   * 
   * See {@link Compiler}
   */
  class ComponentUrlMapper {
    

    /**
     * Returns the base URL to the component source file.
     * The returned URL could be:
     * - an absolute URL,
     * - a path relative to the application
     */
     getUrl(component: Type): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * Resolve a `Type` for {@link DirectiveMetadata}.
   * 
   * This interface can be overridden by the application developer to create custom behavior.
   * 
   * See {@link Compiler}
   */
  class DirectiveResolver {
    

    /**
     * Return {@link DirectiveMetadata} for a given `Type`.
     */
     resolve(type: Type): DirectiveMetadata;
  }
  

  /**
   * ## URL Resolution
   * 
   * ```
   * var appRootUrl: AppRootUrl = ...;
   * var componentUrlMapper: ComponentUrlMapper = ...;
   * var urlResolver: UrlResolver = ...;
   * 
   * var componentType: Type = ...;
   * var componentAnnotation: ComponentAnnotation = ...;
   * var viewAnnotation: ViewAnnotation = ...;
   * 
   * // Resolving a URL
   * 
   * var url = viewAnnotation.templateUrl;
   * var componentUrl = componentUrlMapper.getUrl(componentType);
   * var componentResolvedUrl = urlResolver.resolve(appRootUrl.value, componentUrl);
   * var templateResolvedUrl = urlResolver.resolve(componetResolvedUrl, url);
   * ```
   */
  interface Compiler {
    
     compileInHost(componentTypeOrBinding: Type | Binding): Promise<ProtoViewRef>;
  }
  

  /**
   * Entry point for creating, moving views in the view hierarchy and destroying views.
   * This manager contains all recursion and delegates to helper methods
   * in AppViewManagerUtils and the Renderer, so unit tests get simpler.
   */
  interface AppViewManager {
    

    /**
     * Returns a {@link ViewContainerRef} at the {@link ElementRef} location.
     */
     getViewContainer(location: ElementRef): ViewContainerRef;
    

    /**
     * Return the first child element of the host element view.
     */
     getHostElement(hostViewRef: HostViewRef): ElementRef;
    

    /**
     * Returns an ElementRef for the element with the given variable name
     * in the current view.
     * 
     * - `hostLocation`: {@link ElementRef} of any element in the View which defines the scope of
     *   search.
     * - `variableName`: Name of the variable to locate.
     * - Returns {@link ElementRef} of the found element or null. (Throws if not found.)
     */
     getNamedElementInComponentView(hostLocation: ElementRef, variableName: string): ElementRef;
    

    /**
     * Returns the component instance for a given element.
     * 
     * The component is the execution context as seen by an expression at that {@link ElementRef}
     * location.
     */
     getComponent(hostLocation: ElementRef): any;
    

    /**
     * Load component view into existing element.
     * 
     * Use this if a host element is already in the DOM and it is necessary to upgrade
     * the element into Angular component by attaching a view but reusing the existing element.
     * 
     * - `hostProtoViewRef`: {@link ProtoViewRef} Proto view to use in creating a view for this
     *   component.
     * - `overrideSelector`: (optional) selector to use in locating the existing element to load
     *   the view into. If not specified use the selector in the component definition of the
     *   `hostProtoView`.
     * - injector: {@link Injector} to use as parent injector for the view.
     * 
     * See {@link AppViewManager#destroyRootHostView}.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```
     * @ng.Component({
     *   selector: 'child-component'
     * })
     * @ng.View({
     *   template: 'Child'
     * })
     * class ChildComponent {
     * 
     * }
     * 
     * @ng.Component({
     *   selector: 'my-app'
     * })
     * @ng.View({
     *   template: `
     *     Parent (<some-component></some-component>)
     *   `
     * })
     * class MyApp {
     *   viewRef: ng.ViewRef;
     * 
     *   constructor(public appViewManager: ng.AppViewManager, compiler: ng.Compiler) {
     *     compiler.compileInHost(ChildComponent).then((protoView: ng.ProtoViewRef) => {
     *       this.viewRef = appViewManager.createRootHostView(protoView, 'some-component', null);
     *     })
     *   }
     * 
     *   onDestroy() {
     *     this.appViewManager.destroyRootHostView(this.viewRef);
     *     this.viewRef = null;
     *   }
     * }
     * 
     * ng.bootstrap(MyApp);
     * ```
     */
     createRootHostView(hostProtoViewRef: ProtoViewRef, overrideSelector: string, injector: Injector): HostViewRef;
    

    /**
     * Remove the View created with {@link AppViewManager#createRootHostView}.
     */
     destroyRootHostView(hostViewRef: HostViewRef): void;
    

    /**
     * See {@link AppViewManager#destroyViewInContainer}.
     */
     createEmbeddedViewInContainer(viewContainerLocation: ElementRef, atIndex: number, templateRef: TemplateRef): ViewRef;
    

    /**
     * See {@link AppViewManager#destroyViewInContainer}.
     */
     createHostViewInContainer(viewContainerLocation: ElementRef, atIndex: number, protoViewRef: ProtoViewRef, imperativelyCreatedInjector: ResolvedBinding[]): HostViewRef;
    

    /**
     * See {@link AppViewManager#createViewInContainer}.
     */
     destroyViewInContainer(viewContainerLocation: ElementRef, atIndex: number): void;
    

    /**
     * See {@link AppViewManager#detachViewInContainer}.
     */
     attachViewInContainer(viewContainerLocation: ElementRef, atIndex: number, viewRef: ViewRef): ViewRef;
    

    /**
     * See {@link AppViewManager#attachViewInContainer}.
     */
     detachViewInContainer(viewContainerLocation: ElementRef, atIndex: number): ViewRef;
  }
  

  /**
   * An iterable and observable live list of components in the DOM.
   * 
   * A QueryList contains a live list of child directives in the DOM of a directive.
   * The directives are kept in depth-first pre-order traversal of the DOM.
   * 
   * The `QueryList` is iterable, therefore it can be used in both javascript code with `for..of` loop
   * as well as in template with `*ng-for="of"` directive.
   * 
   * QueryList is updated as part of the change-detection cycle of a directive. Since change detection
   * happens after construction of a directive, QueryList will always be empty when observed in the
   * constructor.
   * 
   * 
   * NOTE: In the future this class will implement an `Observable` interface. For now it uses a plain
   * list of observable callbacks.
   * 
   * # Example:
   * 
   * Assume that `<tabs>` component would like to get a list its children which are `<pane>`
   * components as shown in this example:
   * 
   * ```html
   * <tabs>
   *   <pane title="Overview">...</pane>
   *   <pane *ng-for="#o of objects" [title]="o.title">{{o.text}}</pane>
   * </tabs>
   * ```
   * 
   * In the above example the list of `<tabs>` elements needs to get a list of `<pane>` elements so
   * that it could render tabs with the correct titles and in the correct order.
   * 
   * A possible solution would be for a `<pane>` to inject `<tabs>` component and then register itself
   * with `<tabs>` component's on `hydrate` and deregister on `dehydrate` event. While a reasonable
   * approach, this would only work partialy since `*ng-for` could rearrange the list of `<pane>`
   * components which would not be reported to `<tabs>` component and thus the list of `<pane>`
   * components would be out of sync with respect to the list of `<pane>` elements.
   * 
   * A preferred solution is to inject a `QueryList` which is a live list of directives in the
   * component`s light DOM.
   * 
   * ```javascript
   * @Component({
   *   selector: 'tabs'
   * })
   * @View({
   *  template: `
   *    <ul>
   *      <li *ng-for="#pane of panes">{{pane.title}}</li>
   *    </ul>
   *    <content></content>
   *  `
   * })
   * class Tabs {
   *   panes: QueryList<Pane>
   * 
   *   constructor(@Query(Pane) panes:QueryList<Pane>) {
   *     this.panes = panes;
   *   }
   * }
   * 
   * @Component({
   *   selector: 'pane',
   *   properties: ['title']
   * })
   * @View(...)
   * class Pane {
   *   title:string;
   * }
   * ```
   */
  class QueryList<T> {
    
     reset(newList: List<T>): void;
    
     add(obj: T): void;
    
     fireCallbacks(): void;
    
     onChange(callback: () => void): void;
    
     removeCallback(callback: () => void): void;
    
     toString(): string;
    
     length: number;
    
     first: T;
    
     last: T;
    
     map<U>(fn: (item: T) => U): U[];
  }
  

  /**
   * Service for dynamically loading a Component into an arbitrary position in the internal Angular
   * application tree.
   */
  class DynamicComponentLoader {
    

    /**
     * Loads a root component that is placed at the first element that matches the component's
     * selector.
     * 
     * - `typeOrBinding` `Type` \ {@link Binding} - representing the component to load.
     * - `overrideSelector` (optional) selector to load the component at (or use
     *   `@Component.selector`) The selector can be anywhere (i.e. outside the current component.)
     * - `injector` {@link Injector} - optional injector to use for the component.
     * 
     * The loaded component receives injection normally as a hosted view.
     * 
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```
     * @ng.Component({
     *   selector: 'child-component'
     * })
     * @ng.View({
     *   template: 'Child'
     * })
     * class ChildComponent {
     * }
     * 
     * 
     * 
     * @ng.Component({
     *   selector: 'my-app'
     * })
     * @ng.View({
     *   template: `
     *     Parent (<child id="child"></child>)
     *   `
     * })
     * class MyApp {
     *   constructor(dynamicComponentLoader: ng.DynamicComponentLoader, injector: ng.Injector) {
     *     dynamicComponentLoader.loadAsRoot(ChildComponent, '#child', injector);
     *   }
     * }
     * 
     * ng.bootstrap(MyApp);
     * ```
     * 
     * Resulting DOM:
     * 
     * ```
     * <my-app>
     *   Parent (
     *     <child id="child">
     *        Child
     *     </child>
     *   )
     * </my-app>
     * ```
     */
     loadAsRoot(typeOrBinding: Type | Binding, overrideSelector: string, injector: Injector): Promise<ComponentRef>;
    

    /**
     * Loads a component into the component view of the provided ElementRef next to the element
     * with the given name.
     * 
     * The loaded component receives injection normally as a hosted view.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```
     * @ng.Component({
     *   selector: 'child-component'
     * })
     * @ng.View({
     *   template: 'Child'
     * })
     * class ChildComponent {
     * }
     * 
     * 
     * @ng.Component({
     *   selector: 'my-app'
     * })
     * @ng.View({
     *   template: `
     *     Parent (<div #child></div>)
     *   `
     * })
     * class MyApp {
     *   constructor(dynamicComponentLoader: ng.DynamicComponentLoader, elementRef: ng.ElementRef) {
     *     dynamicComponentLoader.loadIntoLocation(ChildComponent, elementRef, 'child');
     *   }
     * }
     * 
     * ng.bootstrap(MyApp);
     * ```
     * 
     * Resulting DOM:
     * 
     * ```
     * <my-app>
     *    Parent (
     *      <div #child="" class="ng-binding"></div>
     *      <child-component class="ng-binding">Child</child-component>
     *    )
     * </my-app>
     * ```
     */
     loadIntoLocation(typeOrBinding: Type | Binding, hostLocation: ElementRef, anchorName: string, bindings?: ResolvedBinding[]): Promise<ComponentRef>;
    

    /**
     * Loads a component next to the provided ElementRef.
     * 
     * The loaded component receives injection normally as a hosted view.
     * 
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```
     * @ng.Component({
     *   selector: 'child-component'
     * })
     * @ng.View({
     *   template: 'Child'
     * })
     * class ChildComponent {
     * }
     * 
     * 
     * @ng.Component({
     *   selector: 'my-app'
     * })
     * @ng.View({
     *   template: `Parent`
     * })
     * class MyApp {
     *   constructor(dynamicComponentLoader: ng.DynamicComponentLoader, elementRef: ng.ElementRef) {
     *     dynamicComponentLoader.loadIntoLocation(ChildComponent, elementRef, 'child');
     *   }
     * }
     * 
     * ng.bootstrap(MyApp);
     * ```
     * 
     * Resulting DOM:
     * 
     * ```
     * <my-app>Parent</my-app>
     * <child-component>Child</child-component>
     * ```
     */
     loadNextToLocation(typeOrBinding: Type | Binding, location: ElementRef, bindings?: ResolvedBinding[]): Promise<ComponentRef>;
  }
  

  /**
   * Provides access to explicitly trigger change detection in an application.
   * 
   * By default, `Zone` triggers change detection in Angular on each virtual machine (VM) turn. When
   * testing, or in some
   * limited application use cases, a developer can also trigger change detection with the
   * `lifecycle.tick()` method.
   * 
   * Each Angular application has a single `LifeCycle` instance.
   * 
   * # Example
   * 
   * This is a contrived example, since the bootstrap automatically runs inside of the `Zone`, which
   * invokes
   * `lifecycle.tick()` on your behalf.
   * 
   * ```javascript
   * bootstrap(MyApp).then((ref:ComponentRef) => {
   *   var lifeCycle = ref.injector.get(LifeCycle);
   *   var myApp = ref.instance;
   * 
   *   ref.doSomething();
   *   lifecycle.tick();
   * });
   * ```
   */
  class LifeCycle {
    

    /**
     * @private
     */
     registerWith(zone: NgZone, changeDetector?: ChangeDetector): void;
    

    /**
     * Invoke this method to explicitly process change detection and its side-effects.
     * 
     *  In development mode, `tick()` also performs a second change detection cycle to ensure that no
     * further
     *  changes are detected. If additional changes are picked up during this second cycle, bindings
     * in
     * the app have
     *  side-effects that cannot be resolved in a single change detection pass. In this case, Angular
     * throws an error,
     *  since an Angular application can only have one change detection pass during which all change
     * detection must
     *  complete.
     */
     tick(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Reference to the element.
   * 
   * Represents an opaque reference to the underlying element. The element is a DOM ELement in
   * a Browser, but may represent other types on other rendering platforms. In the browser the
   * `ElementRef` can be sent to the web-worker. Web Workers can not have references to the
   * DOM Elements.
   */
  class ElementRef implements RenderElementRef {
    

    /**
     * Reference to the {@link ViewRef} where the `ElementRef` is inside of.
     */
     parentView: ViewRef;
    

    /**
     * Index of the element inside the {@link ViewRef}.
     * 
     * This is used internally by the Angular framework to locate elements.
     */
     boundElementIndex: number;
    

    /**
     * Index of the element inside the `RenderViewRef`.
     * 
     * This is used internally by the Angular framework to locate elements.
     */
     renderBoundElementIndex: number;
    
     renderView: RenderViewRef;
    

    /**
     * Returns the native Element implementation.
     * 
     * In the browser this represents the DOM Element.
     * 
     * The `nativeElement` can be used as an escape hatch when direct DOM manipulation is needed. Use
     * this with caution, as it creates tight coupling between your application and the Browser, which
     * will not work in WebWorkers.
     * 
     * NOTE: This method will return null in the webworker scenario!
     */
     nativeElement: any;
  }
  

  /**
   * Reference to a template within a component.
   * 
   * Represents an opaque reference to the underlying template that can
   * be instantiated using the {@link ViewContainerRef}.
   */
  class TemplateRef {
    

    /**
     * The location of the template
     */
     elementRef: ElementRef;
    
     protoViewRef: ProtoViewRef;
    

    /**
     * Whether this template has a local variable with the given name
     */
     hasLocal(name: string): boolean;
  }
  

  /**
   * A reference to an Angular View.
   * 
   * A View is a fundamental building block of Application UI. A View is the smallest set of
   * elements which are created and destroyed together. A View can change properties on the elements
   * within the view, but it can not change the structure of those elements.
   * 
   * To change structure of the elements, the Views can contain zero or more {@link ViewContainerRef}s
   * which allow the views to be nested.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * Given this template
   * 
   * ```
   * Count: {{items.length}}
   * <ul>
   *   <li *ng-for="var item of items">{{item}}</li>
   * </ul>
   * ```
   * 
   * The above example we have two {@link ProtoViewRef}s:
   * 
   * Outter {@link ProtoViewRef}:
   * ```
   * Count: {{items.length}}
   * <ul>
   *   <template ng-for var-item [ng-for-of]="items"></template>
   * </ul>
   * ```
   * 
   * Inner {@link ProtoViewRef}:
   * ```
   *   <li>{{item}}</li>
   * ```
   * 
   * Notice that the original template is broken down into two separate {@link ProtoViewRef}s.
   * 
   * The outter/inner {@link ProtoViewRef}s are then assembled into views like so:
   * 
   * ```
   * <!-- ViewRef: outer-0 -->
   * Count: 2
   * <ul>
   *   <template view-container-ref></template>
   *   <!-- ViewRef: inner-1 --><li>first</li><!-- /ViewRef: inner-1 -->
   *   <!-- ViewRef: inner-2 --><li>second</li><!-- /ViewRef: inner-2 -->
   * </ul>
   * <!-- /ViewRef: outer-0 -->
   * ```
   */
  interface ViewRef extends HostViewRef {
    

    /**
     * Return `RenderViewRef`
     */
     render: RenderViewRef;
    

    /**
     * Return `RenderFragmentRef`
     */
     renderFragment: RenderFragmentRef;
    

    /**
     * Set local variable in a view.
     * 
     * - `contextName` - Name of the local variable in a view.
     * - `value` - Value for the local variable in a view.
     */
     setLocal(contextName: string, value: any): void;
  }
  
  interface HostViewRef {
  }
  

  /**
   * A reference to an Angular ProtoView.
   * 
   * A ProtoView is a reference to a template for easy creation of views.
   * (See {@link AppViewManager#createViewInContainer} and {@link AppViewManager#createRootHostView}).
   * 
   * A `ProtoView` is a foctary for creating `View`s.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * Given this template
   * 
   * ```
   * Count: {{items.length}}
   * <ul>
   *   <li *ng-for="var item of items">{{item}}</li>
   * </ul>
   * ```
   * 
   * The above example we have two {@link ProtoViewRef}s:
   * 
   * Outter {@link ProtoViewRef}:
   * ```
   * Count: {{items.length}}
   * <ul>
   *   <template ng-for var-item [ng-for-of]="items"></template>
   * </ul>
   * ```
   * 
   * Inner {@link ProtoViewRef}:
   * ```
   *   <li>{{item}}</li>
   * ```
   * 
   * Notice that the original template is broken down into two separate {@link ProtoViewRef}s.
   */
  interface ProtoViewRef {
  }
  

  /**
   * A location where {@link ViewRef}s can be attached.
   * 
   * A `ViewContainerRef` represents a location in a {@link ViewRef} where other child
   * {@link ViewRef}s can be inserted. Adding and removing views is the only way of structurally
   * changing the rendered DOM of the application.
   */
  interface ViewContainerRef {
    
     viewManager: AppViewManager;
    
     element: ElementRef;
    

    /**
     * Remove all {@link ViewRef}s at current location.
     */
     clear(): void;
    

    /**
     * Return a {@link ViewRef} at specific index.
     */
     get(index: number): ViewRef;
    

    /**
     * Returns number of {@link ViewRef}s currently attached at this location.
     */
     length: number;
    

    /**
     * Create and insert a {@link ViewRef} into the view-container.
     * 
     * - `protoViewRef` (optional) {@link ProtoViewRef} - The `ProtoView` to use for creating
     *   `View` to be inserted at this location. If `ViewContainer` is created at a location
     *   of inline template, then `protoViewRef` is the `ProtoView` of the template.
     * - `atIndex` (optional) `number` - location of insertion point. (Or at the end if unspecified.)
     * - `context` (optional) {@link ElementRef} - Context (for expression evaluation) from the
     *   {@link ElementRef} location. (Or current context if unspecified.)
     * - `bindings` (optional) Array of {@link ResolvedBinding} - Used for configuring
     *   `ElementInjector`.
     * 
     * Returns newly created {@link ViewRef}.
     */
     createEmbeddedView(templateRef: TemplateRef, atIndex?: number): ViewRef;
    
     createHostView(protoViewRef?: ProtoViewRef, atIndex?: number, dynamicallyCreatedBindings?: ResolvedBinding[]): HostViewRef;
    

    /**
     * Insert a {@link ViewRef} at specefic index.
     * 
     * The index is location at which the {@link ViewRef} should be attached. If omitted it is
     * inserted at the end.
     * 
     * Returns the inserted {@link ViewRef}.
     */
     insert(viewRef: ViewRef, atIndex?: number): ViewRef;
    

    /**
     * Return the index of already inserted {@link ViewRef}.
     */
     indexOf(viewRef: ViewRef): number;
    

    /**
     * Remove a {@link ViewRef} at specific index.
     * 
     * If the index is omitted last {@link ViewRef} is removed.
     */
     remove(atIndex?: number): void;
    

    /**
     * The method can be used together with insert to implement a view move, i.e.
     * moving the dom nodes while the directives in the view stay intact.
     */
     detach(atIndex?: number): ViewRef;
  }
  

  /**
   * Angular's reference to a component instance.
   * 
   * `ComponentRef` represents a component instance lifecycle and meta information.
   */
  interface ComponentRef {
    

    /**
     * Location of the component host element.
     */
     location: ElementRef;
    

    /**
     * Instance of component.
     */
     instance: any;
    

    /**
     * Returns the host {@link ViewRef}.
     */
     hostView: HostViewRef;
    

    /**
     * Dispose of the component instance.
     */
     dispose(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * A wrapper around zones that lets you schedule tasks after it has executed a task.
   * 
   * The wrapper maintains an "inner" and an "mount" `Zone`. The application code will executes
   * in the "inner" zone unless `runOutsideAngular` is explicitely called.
   * 
   * A typical application will create a singleton `NgZone`. The outer `Zone` is a fork of the root
   * `Zone`. The default `onTurnDone` runs the Angular change detection.
   */
  class NgZone {
    

    /**
     * Sets the zone hook that is called just before Angular event turn starts.
     * It is called once per browser event.
     */
     overrideOnTurnStart(onTurnStartFn: Function): void;
    

    /**
     * Sets the zone hook that is called immediately after Angular processes
     * all pending microtasks.
     */
     overrideOnTurnDone(onTurnDoneFn: Function): void;
    

    /**
     * Sets the zone hook that is called immediately after the last turn in
     * an event completes. At this point Angular will no longer attempt to
     * sync the UI. Any changes to the data model will not be reflected in the
     * DOM. `onEventDoneFn` is executed outside Angular zone.
     * 
     * This hook is useful for validating application state (e.g. in a test).
     */
     overrideOnEventDone(onEventDoneFn: Function, opt_waitForAsync: boolean): void;
    

    /**
     * Sets the zone hook that is called when an error is uncaught in the
     * Angular zone. The first argument is the error. The second argument is
     * the stack trace.
     */
     overrideOnErrorHandler(errorHandlingFn: Function): void;
    

    /**
     * Runs `fn` in the inner zone and returns whatever it returns.
     * 
     * In a typical app where the inner zone is the Angular zone, this allows one to make use of the
     * Angular's auto digest mechanism.
     * 
     * ```
     * var zone: NgZone = [ref to the application zone];
     * 
     * zone.run(() => {
     *   // the change detection will run after this function and the microtasks it enqueues have
     * executed.
     * });
     * ```
     */
     run(fn: () => any): any;
    

    /**
     * Runs `fn` in the outer zone and returns whatever it returns.
     * 
     * In a typical app where the inner zone is the Angular zone, this allows one to escape Angular's
     * auto-digest mechanism.
     * 
     * ```
     * var zone: NgZone = [ref to the application zone];
     * 
     * zone.runOutsideAngular(() => {
     *   element.onClick(() => {
     *     // Clicking on the element would not trigger the change detection
     *   });
     * });
     * ```
     */
     runOutsideAngular(fn: () => any): any;
  }
  
  class Observable {
    
     observer(generator: any): Object;
  }
  

  /**
   * Use Rx.Observable but provides an adapter to make it work as specified here:
   * https://github.com/jhusain/observable-spec
   * 
   * Once a reference implementation of the spec is available, switch to it.
   */
  class EventEmitter extends Observable {
    
     observer(generator: any): Rx.IDisposable;
    
     toRx(): Rx.Observable<any>;
    
     next(value: any): void;
    
     throw(error: any): void;
    
     return(value?: any): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * A parameter metadata that specifies a dependency.
   * 
   * ```
   * class AComponent {
   *   constructor(@Inject(MyService) aService:MyService) {}
   * }
   * ```
   */
  class InjectMetadata {
    
     token: void;
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * A parameter metadata that marks a dependency as optional. {@link Injector} provides `null` if
   * the dependency is not found.
   * 
   * ```
   * class AComponent {
   *   constructor(@Optional() aService:MyService) {
   *     this.aService = aService;
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   */
  class OptionalMetadata {
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * A marker metadata that marks a class as available to `Injector` for creation. Used by tooling
   * for generating constructor stubs.
   * 
   * ```
   * class NeedsService {
   *   constructor(svc:UsefulService) {}
   * }
   * 
   * @Injectable
   * class UsefulService {}
   * ```
   */
  class InjectableMetadata {
  }
  

  /**
   * Specifies that an injector should retrieve a dependency from itself.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * ```
   * class Dependency {
   * }
   * 
   * class NeedsDependency {
   *   constructor(public @Self() dependency:Dependency) {}
   * }
   * 
   * var inj = Injector.resolveAndCreate([Dependency, NeedsDependency]);
   * var nd = inj.get(NeedsDependency);
   * expect(nd.dependency).toBeAnInstanceOf(Dependency);
   * ```
   */
  class SelfMetadata {
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * Specifies that an injector should retrieve a dependency from any injector until reaching the
   * closest host.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * ```
   * class Dependency {
   * }
   * 
   * class NeedsDependency {
   *   constructor(public @Host() dependency:Dependency) {}
   * }
   * 
   * var parent = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
   *   bind(Dependency).toClass(HostDependency)
   * ]);
   * var child = parent.resolveAndCreateChild([]);
   * var grandChild = child.resolveAndCreateChild([NeedsDependency, Depedency]);
   * var nd = grandChild.get(NeedsDependency);
   * expect(nd.dependency).toBeAnInstanceOf(HostDependency);
   * ```
   */
  class HostMetadata {
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * Specifies that the dependency resolution should start from the parent injector.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * 
   * ```
   * class Service {}
   * 
   * class ParentService implements Service {
   * }
   * 
   * class ChildService implements Service {
   *   constructor(public @SkipSelf() parentService:Service) {}
   * }
   * 
   * var parent = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
   *   bind(Service).toClass(ParentService)
   * ]);
   * var child = parent.resolveAndCreateChild([
   *   bind(Service).toClass(ChildSerice)
   * ]);
   * var s = child.get(Service);
   * expect(s).toBeAnInstanceOf(ChildService);
   * expect(s.parentService).toBeAnInstanceOf(ParentService);
   * ```
   */
  class SkipSelfMetadata {
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * `DependencyMetadata is used by the framework to extend DI.
   * 
   * Only metadata implementing `DependencyMetadata` are added to the list of dependency
   * properties.
   * 
   * For example:
   * 
   * ```
   * class Exclude extends DependencyMetadata {}
   * class NotDependencyProperty {}
   * 
   * class AComponent {
   *   constructor(@Exclude @NotDependencyProperty aService:AService) {}
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * will create the following dependency:
   * 
   * ```
   * new Dependency(Key.get(AService), [new Exclude()])
   * ```
   * 
   * The framework can use `new Exclude()` to handle the `aService` dependency
   * in a specific way.
   */
  class DependencyMetadata {
    
     token: void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Allows to refer to references which are not yet defined.
   * 
   * This situation arises when the key which we need te refer to for the purposes of DI is declared,
   * but not yet defined.
   * 
   * ## Example:
   * 
   * ```
   * class Door {
   *   // Incorrect way to refer to a reference which is defined later.
   *   // This fails because `Lock` is undefined at this point.
   *   constructor(lock:Lock) { }
   * 
   *   // Correct way to refer to a reference which is defined later.
   *   // The reference needs to be captured in a closure.
   *   constructor(@Inject(forwardRef(() => Lock)) lock:Lock) { }
   * }
   * 
   * // Only at this point the lock is defined.
   * class Lock {
   * }
   * ```
   */
  function forwardRef(forwardRefFn: ForwardRefFn) : Type ;
  

  /**
   * Lazily retrieve the reference value.
   * 
   * See: {@link forwardRef}
   */
  function resolveForwardRef(type: any) : any ;
  
  interface ForwardRefFn {
    
     (): any;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * A dependency injection container used for resolving dependencies.
   * 
   * An `Injector` is a replacement for a `new` operator, which can automatically resolve the
   * constructor dependencies.
   * In typical use, application code asks for the dependencies in the constructor and they are
   * resolved by the `Injector`.
   * 
   * ## Example:
   * 
   * Suppose that we want to inject an `Engine` into class `Car`, we would define it like this:
   * 
   * ```javascript
   * class Engine {
   * }
   * 
   * class Car {
   *   constructor(@Inject(Engine) engine) {
   *   }
   * }
   * 
   * ```
   * 
   * Next we need to write the code that creates and instantiates the `Injector`. We then ask for the
   * `root` object, `Car`, so that the `Injector` can recursively build all of that object's
   * dependencies.
   * 
   * ```javascript
   * main() {
   *   var injector = Injector.resolveAndCreate([Car, Engine]);
   * 
   *   // Get a reference to the `root` object, which will recursively instantiate the tree.
   *   var car = injector.get(Car);
   * }
   * ```
   * Notice that we don't use the `new` operator because we explicitly want to have the `Injector`
   * resolve all of the object's dependencies automatically.
   */
  class Injector {
    

    /**
     * Returns debug information about the injector.
     * 
     * This information is included into exceptions thrown by the injector.
     */
     debugContext(): any;
    

    /**
     * Retrieves an instance from the injector.
     * 
     * @param `token`: usually the `Type` of an object. (Same as the token used while setting up a
     * binding).
     * @returns an instance represented by the token. Throws if not found.
     */
     get(token: any): any;
    

    /**
     * Retrieves an instance from the injector.
     * 
     * @param `token`: usually a `Type`. (Same as the token used while setting up a binding).
     * @returns an instance represented by the token. Returns `null` if not found.
     */
     getOptional(token: any): any;
    

    /**
     * Retrieves an instance from the injector.
     * 
     * @param `index`: index of an instance.
     * @returns an instance represented by the index. Throws if not found.
     */
     getAt(index: number): any;
    

    /**
     * Direct parent of this injector.
     */
     parent: Injector;
    

    /**
     * Internal. Do not use.
     * 
     * We return `any` not to export the InjectorStrategy type.
     */
     internalStrategy: any;
    

    /**
     * Creates a child injector and loads a new set of bindings into it.
     * 
     * A resolution is a process of flattening multiple nested lists and converting individual
     * bindings into a list of {@link ResolvedBinding}s. The resolution can be cached by `resolve`
     * for the {@link Injector} for performance-sensitive code.
     * 
     * @param `bindings` can be a list of `Type`, {@link Binding}, {@link ResolvedBinding}, or a
     * recursive list of more bindings.
     * @param `depProvider`
     */
     resolveAndCreateChild(bindings: List<Type | Binding | List<any>>, depProvider?: DependencyProvider): Injector;
    

    /**
     * Creates a child injector and loads a new set of {@link ResolvedBinding}s into it.
     * 
     * @param `bindings`: A sparse list of {@link ResolvedBinding}s.
     * See `resolve` for the {@link Injector}.
     * @param `depProvider`
     * @returns a new child {@link Injector}.
     */
     createChildFromResolved(bindings: List<ResolvedBinding>, depProvider?: DependencyProvider): Injector;
    

    /**
     * Resolves a binding and instantiates an object in the context of the injector.
     * 
     * @param `binding`: either a type or a binding.
     * @returns an object created using binding.
     */
     resolveAndInstantiate(binding: Type | Binding): any;
    

    /**
     * Instantiates an object using a resolved bindin in the context of the injector.
     * 
     * @param `binding`: a resolved binding
     * @returns an object created using binding.
     */
     instantiateResolved(binding: ResolvedBinding): any;
    
     displayName: string;
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  
  class ProtoInjector {
    
     numberOfBindings: number;
    
     getBindingAtIndex(index: number): any;
  }
  
  class BindingWithVisibility {
    
     binding: ResolvedBinding;
    
     visibility: Visibility;
    
     getKeyId(): number;
  }
  

  /**
   * Used to provide dependencies that cannot be easily expressed as bindings.
   */
  interface DependencyProvider {
    
     getDependency(injector: Injector, binding: ResolvedBinding, dependency: Dependency): any;
  }
  
  enum Visibility {
    
     Public,
    
     Private,
    
     PublicAndPrivate
  }
  
  const UNDEFINED : Object ;
  

  /**
   * Describes how_ the {@link Injector} should instantiate a given token.
   * 
   * See {@link bind}.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * ```javascript
   * var injector = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
   *   new Binding(String, { toValue: 'Hello' })
   * ]);
   * 
   * expect(injector.get(String)).toEqual('Hello');
   * ```
   */
  class Binding {
    

    /**
     * Token used when retrieving this binding. Usually the `Type`.
     */
     token: void;
    

    /**
     * Binds an interface to an implementation / subclass.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * Becuse `toAlias` and `toClass` are often confused, the example contains both use cases for easy
     * comparison.
     * 
     * ```javascript
     * 
     * class Vehicle {}
     * 
     * class Car extends Vehicle {}
     * 
     * var injectorClass = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   Car,
     *   new Binding(Vehicle, { toClass: Car })
     * ]);
     * var injectorAlias = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   Car,
     *   new Binding(Vehicle, { toAlias: Car })
     * ]);
     * 
     * expect(injectorClass.get(Vehicle)).not.toBe(injectorClass.get(Car));
     * expect(injectorClass.get(Vehicle) instanceof Car).toBe(true);
     * 
     * expect(injectorAlias.get(Vehicle)).toBe(injectorAlias.get(Car));
     * expect(injectorAlias.get(Vehicle) instanceof Car).toBe(true);
     * ```
     */
     toClass: Type;
    

    /**
     * Binds a key to a value.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```javascript
     * var injector = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   new Binding(String, { toValue: 'Hello' })
     * ]);
     * 
     * expect(injector.get(String)).toEqual('Hello');
     * ```
     */
     toValue: void;
    

    /**
     * Binds a key to the alias for an existing key.
     * 
     * An alias means that {@link Injector} returns the same instance as if the alias token was used.
     * This is in contrast to `toClass` where a separate instance of `toClass` is returned.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * Becuse `toAlias` and `toClass` are often confused the example contains both use cases for easy
     * comparison.
     * 
     * ```javascript
     * 
     * class Vehicle {}
     * 
     * class Car extends Vehicle {}
     * 
     * var injectorAlias = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   Car,
     *   new Binding(Vehicle, { toAlias: Car })
     * ]);
     * var injectorClass = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   Car,
     *   new Binding(Vehicle, { toClass: Car })
     * ]);
     * 
     * expect(injectorAlias.get(Vehicle)).toBe(injectorAlias.get(Car));
     * expect(injectorAlias.get(Vehicle) instanceof Car).toBe(true);
     * 
     * expect(injectorClass.get(Vehicle)).not.toBe(injectorClass.get(Car));
     * expect(injectorClass.get(Vehicle) instanceof Car).toBe(true);
     * ```
     */
     toAlias: void;
    

    /**
     * Binds a key to a function which computes the value.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```javascript
     * var injector = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   new Binding(Number, { toFactory: () => { return 1+2; }}),
     *   new Binding(String, { toFactory: (value) => { return "Value: " + value; },
     *                         dependencies: [Number] })
     * ]);
     * 
     * expect(injector.get(Number)).toEqual(3);
     * expect(injector.get(String)).toEqual('Value: 3');
     * ```
     */
     toFactory: Function;
    

    /**
     * Used in conjunction with `toFactory` and specifies a set of dependencies
     * (as `token`s) which should be injected into the factory function.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```javascript
     * var injector = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   new Binding(Number, { toFactory: () => { return 1+2; }}),
     *   new Binding(String, { toFactory: (value) => { return "Value: " + value; },
     *                         dependencies: [Number] })
     * ]);
     * 
     * expect(injector.get(Number)).toEqual(3);
     * expect(injector.get(String)).toEqual('Value: 3');
     * ```
     */
     dependencies: List<any>;
    

    /**
     * Converts the {@link Binding} into {@link ResolvedBinding}.
     * 
     * {@link Injector} internally only uses {@link ResolvedBinding}, {@link Binding} contains
     * convenience binding syntax.
     */
     resolve(): ResolvedBinding;
  }
  

  /**
   * Helper class for the {@link bind} function.
   */
  class BindingBuilder {
    
     token: void;
    

    /**
     * Binds an interface to an implementation / subclass.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * Because `toAlias` and `toClass` are often confused, the example contains both use cases for
     * easy comparison.
     * 
     * ```javascript
     * 
     * class Vehicle {}
     * 
     * class Car extends Vehicle {}
     * 
     * var injectorClass = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   Car,
     *   bind(Vehicle).toClass(Car)
     * ]);
     * var injectorAlias = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   Car,
     *   bind(Vehicle).toAlias(Car)
     * ]);
     * 
     * expect(injectorClass.get(Vehicle)).not.toBe(injectorClass.get(Car));
     * expect(injectorClass.get(Vehicle) instanceof Car).toBe(true);
     * 
     * expect(injectorAlias.get(Vehicle)).toBe(injectorAlias.get(Car));
     * expect(injectorAlias.get(Vehicle) instanceof Car).toBe(true);
     * ```
     */
     toClass(type: Type): Binding;
    

    /**
     * Binds a key to a value.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```javascript
     * var injector = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   bind(String).toValue('Hello')
     * ]);
     * 
     * expect(injector.get(String)).toEqual('Hello');
     * ```
     */
     toValue(value: any): Binding;
    

    /**
     * Binds a key to the alias for an existing key.
     * 
     * An alias means that we will return the same instance as if the alias token was used. (This is
     * in contrast to `toClass` where a separate instance of `toClass` will be returned.)
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * Becuse `toAlias` and `toClass` are often confused, the example contains both use cases for easy
     * comparison.
     * 
     * ```javascript
     * 
     * class Vehicle {}
     * 
     * class Car extends Vehicle {}
     * 
     * var injectorAlias = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   Car,
     *   bind(Vehicle).toAlias(Car)
     * ]);
     * var injectorClass = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   Car,
     *   bind(Vehicle).toClass(Car)
     * ]);
     * 
     * expect(injectorAlias.get(Vehicle)).toBe(injectorAlias.get(Car));
     * expect(injectorAlias.get(Vehicle) instanceof Car).toBe(true);
     * 
     * expect(injectorClass.get(Vehicle)).not.toBe(injectorClass.get(Car));
     * expect(injectorClass.get(Vehicle) instanceof Car).toBe(true);
     * ```
     */
     toAlias(aliasToken: /*Type*/ any): Binding;
    

    /**
     * Binds a key to a function which computes the value.
     * 
     * ## Example
     * 
     * ```javascript
     * var injector = Injector.resolveAndCreate([
     *   bind(Number).toFactory(() => { return 1+2; }),
     *   bind(String).toFactory((v) => { return "Value: " + v; }, [Number])
     * ]);
     * 
     * expect(injector.get(Number)).toEqual(3);
     * expect(injector.get(String)).toEqual('Value: 3');
     * ```
     */
     toFactory(factoryFunction: Function, dependencies?: List<any>): Binding;
  }
  

  /**
   * An internal resolved representation of a {@link Binding} used by the {@link Injector}.
   * 
   * A {@link Binding} is resolved when it has a factory function. Binding to a class, alias, or
   * value, are just convenience methods, as {@link Injector} only operates on calling factory
   * functions.
   */
  class ResolvedBinding {
    

    /**
     * A key, usually a `Type`.
     */
     key: Key;
    

    /**
     * Factory function which can return an instance of an object represented by a key.
     */
     factory: Function;
    

    /**
     * Arguments (dependencies) to the `factory` function.
     */
     dependencies: List<Dependency>;
  }
  

  /**
   * @private
   */
  class Dependency {
    
     key: Key;
    
     optional: boolean;
    
     lowerBoundVisibility: any;
    
     upperBoundVisibility: any;
    
     properties: List<any>;
  }
  

  /**
   * Provides an API for imperatively constructing {@link Binding}s.
   * 
   * This is only relevant for JavaScript. See {@link BindingBuilder}.
   * 
   * ## Example
   * 
   * ```javascript
   * bind(MyInterface).toClass(MyClass)
   * 
   * ```
   */
  function bind(token: any) : BindingBuilder ;
  

  /**
   * A unique object used for retrieving items from the {@link Injector}.
   * 
   * Keys have:
   * - a system-wide unique `id`.
   * - a `token`, usually the `Type` of the instance.
   * 
   * Keys are used internally by the {@link Injector} because their system-wide unique `id`s allow the
   * injector to index in arrays rather than looking up items in maps.
   */
  interface Key {
    
     token: Object;
    
     id: number;
    
     displayName: string;
  }
  

  /**
   * @private
   */
  class KeyRegistry {
    
     get(token: Object): Key;
    
     numberOfKeys: number;
  }
  

  /**
   * Type literals is a Dart-only feature. This is here only so we can x-compile
   * to multiple languages.
   */
  class TypeLiteral {
    
     type: any;
  }
  

  /**
   * Thrown when trying to retrieve a dependency by `Key` from {@link Injector}, but the
   * {@link Injector} does not have a {@link Binding} for {@link Key}.
   */
  class NoBindingError extends AbstractBindingError {
  }
  

  /**
   * Base class for all errors arising from misconfigured bindings.
   */
  class AbstractBindingError extends BaseException {
    
     name: string;
    
     message: string;
    
     keys: List<Key>;
    
     injectors: List<Injector>;
    
     constructResolvingMessage: Function;
    
     addKey(injector: Injector, key: Key): void;
    
     context: void;
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * Thrown when dependencies form a cycle.
   * 
   * ## Example:
   * 
   * ```javascript
   * class A {
   *   constructor(b:B) {}
   * }
   * class B {
   *   constructor(a:A) {}
   * }
   * ```
   * 
   * Retrieving `A` or `B` throws a `CyclicDependencyError` as the graph above cannot be constructed.
   */
  class CyclicDependencyError extends AbstractBindingError {
  }
  

  /**
   * Thrown when a constructing type returns with an Error.
   * 
   * The `InstantiationError` class contains the original error plus the dependency graph which caused
   * this object to be instantiated.
   */
  class InstantiationError extends AbstractBindingError {
    
     causeKey: Key;
  }
  

  /**
   * Thrown when an object other then {@link Binding} (or `Type`) is passed to {@link Injector}
   * creation.
   */
  class InvalidBindingError extends BaseException {
    
     message: string;
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * Thrown when the class has no annotation information.
   * 
   * Lack of annotation information prevents the {@link Injector} from determining which dependencies
   * need to be injected into the constructor.
   */
  class NoAnnotationError extends BaseException {
    
     name: string;
    
     message: string;
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * Thrown when getting an object by index.
   */
  class OutOfBoundsError extends BaseException {
    
     message: string;
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  
  class OpaqueToken {
    
     toString(): string;
  }
  

  /**
   * Factory for creating {@link InjectMetadata}.
   */
  interface InjectFactory {
    
     new(token: any): InjectMetadata;
  
    
     (token: any): any;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * Factory for creating {@link OptionalMetadata}.
   */
  interface OptionalFactory {
    
     new(): OptionalMetadata;
  
    
     (): any;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * Factory for creating {@link InjectableMetadata}.
   */
  interface InjectableFactory {
    
     new(): InjectableMetadata;
  
    
     (): any;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * Factory for creating {@link SelfMetadata}.
   */
  interface SelfFactory {
    
     new(): SelfMetadata;
  
    
     (): any;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * Factory for creating {@link HostMetadata}.
   */
  interface HostFactory {
    
     new(): HostMetadata;
  
    
     (): any;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * Factory for creating {@link SkipSelfMetadata}.
   */
  interface SkipSelfFactory {
    
     new(): SkipSelfMetadata;
  
    
     (): any;
  
  }
  

  /**
   * Factory for creating {@link InjectMetadata}.
   */
  var Inject : InjectFactory ;
  

  /**
   * Factory for creating {@link OptionalMetadata}.
   */
  var Optional : OptionalFactory ;
  

  /**
   * Factory for creating {@link InjectableMetadata}.
   */
  var Injectable : InjectableFactory ;
  

  /**
   * Factory for creating {@link SelfMetadata}.
   */
  var Self : SelfFactory ;
  

  /**
   * Factory for creating {@link HostMetadata}.
   */
  var Host : HostFactory ;
  

  /**
   * Factory for creating {@link SkipSelfMetadata}.
   */
  var SkipSelf : SkipSelfFactory ;
  

  /**
   * A collection of the Angular core directives that are likely to be used in each and every Angular
   * application.
   * 
   * This collection can be used to quickly enumerate all the built-in directives in the `@View`
   * annotation. For example,
   * instead of writing:
   * 
   * ```
   * import {If, NgFor, NgSwitch, NgSwitchWhen, NgSwitchDefault} from 'angular2/angular2';
   * import {OtherDirective} from 'myDirectives';
   * 
   * @Component({
   *  selector: 'my-component'
   * })
   * @View({
   *   templateUrl: 'myComponent.html',
   *   directives: [If, NgFor, NgSwitch, NgSwitchWhen, NgSwitchDefault, OtherDirective]
   * })
   * export class MyComponent {
   *   ...
   * }
   * ```
   * one could enumerate all the core directives at once:
   * 
   * ```
   * import {coreDirectives} from 'angular2/angular2';
   * import {OtherDirective} from 'myDirectives';
   * 
   * @Component({
   *  selector: 'my-component'
   * })
   * @View({
   *   templateUrl: 'myComponent.html',
   *   directives: [coreDirectives, OtherDirective]
   * })
   * export class MyComponent {
   *   ...
   * }
   * ```
   */
  const CORE_DIRECTIVES : List<Type> ;
  

  /**
   * Adds and removes CSS classes based on an {expression} value.
   * 
   * The result of expression is used to add and remove CSS classes using the following logic,
   * based on expression's value type:
   * - {string} - all the CSS classes (space - separated) are added
   * - {Array} - all the CSS classes (Array elements) are added
   * - {Object} - each key corresponds to a CSS class name while values
   * are interpreted as {boolean} expression. If a given expression
   * evaluates to {true} a corresponding CSS class is added - otherwise
   * it is removed.
   * 
   * # Example:
   * 
   * ```
   * <div class="message" [ng-class]="{error: errorCount > 0}">
   *     Please check errors.
   * </div>
   * ```
   */
  class NgClass {
    
     initialClasses: void;
    
     rawClass: void;
    
     onCheck(): void;
    
     onDestroy(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * The `NgFor` directive instantiates a template once per item from an iterable. The context for
   * each instantiated template inherits from the outer context with the given loop variable set
   * to the current item from the iterable.
   * 
   * It is possible to alias the `index` to a local variable that will be set to the current loop
   * iteration in the template context.
   * 
   * When the contents of the iterator changes, `NgFor` makes the corresponding changes to the DOM:
   * 
   * * When an item is added, a new instance of the template is added to the DOM.
   * * When an item is removed, its template instance is removed from the DOM.
   * * When items are reordered, their respective templates are reordered in the DOM.
   * 
   * # Example
   * 
   * ```
   * <ul>
   *   <li *ng-for="#error of errors; #i = index">
   *     Error {{i}} of {{errors.length}}: {{error.message}}
   *   </li>
   * </ul>
   * ```
   * 
   * # Syntax
   * 
   * - `<li *ng-for="#item of items; #i = index">...</li>`
   * - `<li template="ng-for #item of items; #i = index">...</li>`
   * - `<template ng-for #item [ng-for-of]="items" #i="index"><li>...</li></template>`
   */
  class NgFor {
    
     viewContainer: ViewContainerRef;
    
     templateRef: TemplateRef;
    
     iterableDiffers: IterableDiffers;
    
     cdr: ChangeDetectorRef;
    
     ngForOf: void;
    
     onCheck(): void;
  }
  
  class RecordViewTuple {
    
     view: ViewRef;
    
     record: any;
  }
  

  /**
   * Removes or recreates a portion of the DOM tree based on an {expression}.
   * 
   * If the expression assigned to `ng-if` evaluates to a false value then the element
   * is removed from the DOM, otherwise a clone of the element is reinserted into the DOM.
   * 
   * # Example:
   * 
   * ```
   * <div *ng-if="errorCount > 0" class="error">
   *   <!-- Error message displayed when the errorCount property on the current context is greater
   * than 0. -->
   *   {{errorCount}} errors detected
   * </div>
   * ```
   * 
   * # Syntax
   * 
   * - `<div *ng-if="condition">...</div>`
   * - `<div template="ng-if condition">...</div>`
   * - `<template [ng-if]="condition"><div>...</div></template>`
   */
  class NgIf {
    
     ngIf: void;
  }
  

  /**
   * The `NgNonBindable` directive tells Angular not to compile or bind the contents of the current
   * DOM element. This is useful if the element contains what appears to be Angular directives and
   * bindings but which should be ignored by Angular. This could be the case if you have a site that
   * displays snippets of code, for instance.
   * 
   * Example:
   * 
   * ```
   * <div>Normal: {{1 + 2}}</div> // output "Normal: 3"
   * <div ng-non-bindable>Ignored: {{1 + 2}}</div> // output "Ignored: {{1 + 2}}"
   * ```
   */
  class NgNonBindable {
  }
  

  /**
   * Adds or removes styles based on an {expression}.
   * 
   * When the expression assigned to `ng-style` evaluates to an object, the corresponding element
   * styles are updated. Style names to update are taken from the object keys and values - from the
   * corresponding object values.
   * 
   * # Example:
   * 
   * ```
   * <div ng-style="{'text-align': alignEpr}"></div>
   * ```
   * 
   * In the above example the `text-align` style will be updated based on the `alignEpr` value
   * changes.
   * 
   * # Syntax
   * 
   * - `<div ng-style="{'text-align': alignEpr}"></div>`
   * - `<div ng-style="styleExp"></div>`
   */
  class NgStyle {
    
     rawStyle: void;
    
     onCheck(): void;
  }
  
  class SwitchView {
    
     create(): void;
    
     destroy(): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * The `NgSwitch` directive is used to conditionally swap DOM structure on your template based on a
   * scope expression.
   * Elements within `NgSwitch` but without `NgSwitchWhen` or `NgSwitchDefault` directives will be
   * preserved at the location as specified in the template.
   * 
   * `NgSwitch` simply chooses nested elements and makes them visible based on which element matches
   * the value obtained from the evaluated expression. In other words, you define a container element
   * (where you place the directive), place an expression on the **`[ng-switch]="..."` attribute**),
   * define any inner elements inside of the directive and place a `[ng-switch-when]` attribute per
   * element.
   * The when attribute is used to inform NgSwitch which element to display when the expression is
   * evaluated. If a matching expression is not found via a when attribute then an element with the
   * default attribute is displayed.
   * 
   * # Example:
   * 
   * ```
   * <ANY [ng-switch]="expression">
   *   <template [ng-switch-when]="whenExpression1">...</template>
   *   <template [ng-switch-when]="whenExpression1">...</template>
   *   <template ng-switch-default>...</template>
   * </ANY>
   * ```
   */
  class NgSwitch {
    
     ngSwitch: void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Defines a case statement as an expression.
   * 
   * If multiple `NgSwitchWhen` match the `NgSwitch` value, all of them are displayed.
   * 
   * Example:
   * 
   * ```
   * // match against a context variable
   * <template [ng-switch-when]="contextVariable">...</template>
   * 
   * // match against a constant string
   * <template ng-switch-when="stringValue">...</template>
   * ```
   */
  class NgSwitchWhen {
    
     ngSwitchWhen: void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Defines a default case statement.
   * 
   * Default case statements are displayed when no `NgSwitchWhen` match the `ng-switch` value.
   * 
   * Example:
   * 
   * ```
   * <template ng-switch-default>...</template>
   * ```
   */
  class NgSwitchDefault {
  }
  

  /**
   * Omitting from external API doc as this is really an abstract internal concept.
   */
  class AbstractControl {
    
     validator: Function;
    
     value: any;
    
     status: string;
    
     valid: boolean;
    
     errors: StringMap<string, any>;
    
     pristine: boolean;
    
     dirty: boolean;
    
     touched: boolean;
    
     untouched: boolean;
    
     valueChanges: Observable;
    
     markAsTouched(): void;
    
     markAsDirty({onlySelf}?: {onlySelf?: boolean}): void;
    
     setParent(parent: ControlGroup | ControlArray): void;
    
     updateValidity({onlySelf}?: {onlySelf?: boolean}): void;
    
     updateValueAndValidity({onlySelf, emitEvent}?: {onlySelf?: boolean, emitEvent?: boolean}): void;
    
     find(path: List<string | number>| string): AbstractControl;
    
     getError(errorCode: string, path?: List<string>): any;
    
     hasError(errorCode: string, path?: List<string>): boolean;
  }
  

  /**
   * Defines a part of a form that cannot be divided into other controls.
   * 
   * `Control` is one of the three fundamental building blocks used to define forms in Angular, along
   * with
   * {@link ControlGroup} and {@link ControlArray}.
   */
  class Control extends AbstractControl {
    
     updateValue(value: any, {onlySelf, emitEvent, emitModelToViewChange}?:
                  {onlySelf?: boolean, emitEvent?: boolean, emitModelToViewChange?: boolean}): void;
    
     registerOnChange(fn: Function): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Defines a part of a form, of fixed length, that can contain other controls.
   * 
   * A ControlGroup aggregates the values and errors of each {@link Control} in the group. Thus, if
   * one of the controls
   * in a group is invalid, the entire group is invalid. Similarly, if a control changes its value,
   * the entire group
   * changes as well.
   * 
   * `ControlGroup` is one of the three fundamental building blocks used to define forms in Angular,
   * along with
   * {@link Control} and {@link ControlArray}. {@link ControlArray} can also contain other controls,
   * but is of variable
   * length.
   */
  class ControlGroup extends AbstractControl {
    
     controls: StringMap<string, AbstractControl>;
    
     addControl(name: string, c: AbstractControl): void;
    
     removeControl(name: string): void;
    
     include(controlName: string): void;
    
     exclude(controlName: string): void;
    
     contains(controlName: string): boolean;
  }
  

  /**
   * Defines a part of a form, of variable length, that can contain other controls.
   * 
   * A `ControlArray` aggregates the values and errors of each {@link Control} in the group. Thus, if
   * one of the controls
   * in a group is invalid, the entire group is invalid. Similarly, if a control changes its value,
   * the entire group
   * changes as well.
   * 
   * `ControlArray` is one of the three fundamental building blocks used to define forms in Angular,
   * along with {@link Control} and {@link ControlGroup}. {@link ControlGroup} can also contain
   * other controls, but is of fixed length.
   */
  class ControlArray extends AbstractControl {
    
     controls: List<AbstractControl>;
    
     at(index: number): AbstractControl;
    
     push(control: AbstractControl): void;
    
     insert(index: number, control: AbstractControl): void;
    
     removeAt(index: number): void;
    
     length: number;
  }
  
  class AbstractControlDirective {
    
     control: AbstractControl;
    
     value: any;
    
     valid: boolean;
    
     errors: StringMap<string, any>;
    
     pristine: boolean;
    
     dirty: boolean;
    
     touched: boolean;
    
     untouched: boolean;
  }
  

  /**
   * An interface that {@link NgFormModel} and {@link NgForm} implement.
   * 
   * Only used by the forms module.
   */
  interface Form {
    
     addControl(dir: NgControl): void;
    
     removeControl(dir: NgControl): void;
    
     getControl(dir: NgControl): Control;
    
     addControlGroup(dir: NgControlGroup): void;
    
     removeControlGroup(dir: NgControlGroup): void;
    
     getControlGroup(dir: NgControlGroup): ControlGroup;
    
     updateModel(dir: NgControl, value: any): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * A directive that contains a group of [NgControl].
   * 
   * Only used by the forms module.
   */
  class ControlContainer extends AbstractControlDirective {
    
     name: string;
    
     formDirective: Form;
    
     path: List<string>;
  }
  

  /**
   * Creates and binds a control with a specified name to a DOM element.
   * 
   * This directive can only be used as a child of {@link NgForm} or {@link NgFormModel}.
   * 
   * # Example
   * 
   * In this example, we create the login and password controls.
   * We can work with each control separately: check its validity, get its value, listen to its
   *  changes.
   * 
   *  ```
   * @Component({selector: "login-comp"})
   * @View({
   *      directives: [FORM_DIRECTIVES],
   *      template: `
   *              <form #f="form" (submit)='onLogIn(f.value)'>
   *                Login <input type='text' ng-control='login' #l="form">
   *                <div *ng-if="!l.valid">Login is invalid</div>
   * 
   *                Password <input type='password' ng-control='password'>
   * 
   *                <button type='submit'>Log in!</button>
   *              </form>
   *      `})
   * class LoginComp {
   *  onLogIn(value) {
   *    // value === {login: 'some login', password: 'some password'}
   *  }
   * }
   *  ```
   * 
   * We can also use ng-model to bind a domain model to the form.
   * 
   *  ```
   * @Component({selector: "login-comp"})
   * @View({
   *      directives: [FORM_DIRECTIVES],
   *      template: `
   *              <form (submit)='onLogIn()'>
   *                Login <input type='text' ng-control='login' [(ng-model)]="credentials.login">
   *                Password <input type='password' ng-control='password'
   *  [(ng-model)]="credentials.password">
   *                <button type='submit'>Log in!</button>
   *              </form>
   *      `})
   * class LoginComp {
   *  credentials: {login:string, password:string};
   * 
   *  onLogIn() {
   *    // this.credentials.login === "some login"
   *    // this.credentials.password === "some password"
   *  }
   * }
   *  ```
   */
  class NgControlName extends NgControl {
    
     update: void;
    
     model: any;
    
     viewModel: any;
    
     ngValidators: QueryList<NgValidator>;
    
     onChange(c: StringMap<string, any>): void;
    
     onDestroy(): void;
    
     viewToModelUpdate(newValue: any): void;
    
     path: List<string>;
    
     formDirective: any;
    
     control: Control;
    
     validator: Function;
  }
  

  /**
   * Binds an existing control to a DOM element.
   * 
   * # Example
   * 
   * In this example, we bind the control to an input element. When the value of the input element
   * changes, the value of
   * the control will reflect that change. Likewise, if the value of the control changes, the input
   * element reflects that
   * change.
   * 
   *  ```
   * @Component({selector: "login-comp"})
   * @View({
   *      directives: [FORM_DIRECTIVES],
   *      template: "<input type='text' [ng-form-control]='loginControl'>"
   *      })
   * class LoginComp {
   *  loginControl:Control;
   * 
   *  constructor() {
   *    this.loginControl = new Control('');
   *  }
   * }
   * 
   *  ```
   * 
   * We can also use ng-model to bind a domain model to the form.
   * 
   *  ```
   * @Component({selector: "login-comp"})
   * @View({
   *      directives: [FORM_DIRECTIVES],
   *      template: "<input type='text' [ng-form-control]='loginControl' [(ng-model)]='login'>"
   *      })
   * class LoginComp {
   *  loginControl:Control;
   *  login:string;
   * 
   *  constructor() {
   *    this.loginControl = new Control('');
   *  }
   * }
   *  ```
   */
  class NgFormControl extends NgControl {
    
     form: Control;
    
     update: void;
    
     model: any;
    
     viewModel: any;
    
     ngValidators: QueryList<NgValidator>;
    
     onChange(c: StringMap<string, any>): void;
    
     path: List<string>;
    
     control: Control;
    
     validator: Function;
    
     viewToModelUpdate(newValue: any): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Binds a domain model to the form.
   * 
   * # Example
   *  ```
   * @Component({selector: "search-comp"})
   * @View({
   *      directives: [FORM_DIRECTIVES],
   *      template: `
   *               <input type='text' [(ng-model)]="searchQuery">
   *      `})
   * class SearchComp {
   *  searchQuery: string;
   * }
   *  ```
   */
  class NgModel extends NgControl {
    
     update: void;
    
     model: any;
    
     viewModel: any;
    
     ngValidators: QueryList<NgValidator>;
    
     onChange(c: StringMap<string, any>): void;
    
     control: Control;
    
     path: List<string>;
    
     validator: Function;
    
     viewToModelUpdate(newValue: any): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * An abstract class that all control directive extend.
   * 
   * It binds a {@link Control} object to a DOM element.
   */
  class NgControl extends AbstractControlDirective {
    
     name: string;
    
     valueAccessor: ControlValueAccessor;
    
     validator: Function;
    
     path: List<string>;
    
     viewToModelUpdate(newValue: any): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Creates and binds a control group to a DOM element.
   * 
   * This directive can only be used as a child of {@link NgForm} or {@link NgFormModel}.
   * 
   * # Example
   * 
   * In this example, we create the credentials and personal control groups.
   * We can work with each group separately: check its validity, get its value, listen to its changes.
   * 
   *  ```
   * @Component({selector: "signup-comp"})
   * @View({
   *      directives: [FORM_DIRECTIVES],
   *      template: `
   *              <form #f="form" (submit)='onSignUp(f.value)'>
   *                <div ng-control-group='credentials' #credentials="form">
   *                  Login <input type='text' ng-control='login'>
   *                  Password <input type='password' ng-control='password'>
   *                </div>
   *                <div *ng-if="!credentials.valid">Credentials are invalid</div>
   * 
   *                <div ng-control-group='personal'>
   *                  Name <input type='text' ng-control='name'>
   *                </div>
   *                <button type='submit'>Sign Up!</button>
   *              </form>
   *      `})
   * class SignupComp {
   *  onSignUp(value) {
   *    // value === {personal: {name: 'some name'},
   *    //  credentials: {login: 'some login', password: 'some password'}}
   *  }
   * }
   * 
   *  ```
   */
  class NgControlGroup extends ControlContainer {
    
     onInit(): void;
    
     onDestroy(): void;
    
     control: ControlGroup;
    
     path: List<string>;
    
     formDirective: Form;
  }
  

  /**
   * Binds an existing control group to a DOM element.
   * 
   * # Example
   * 
   * In this example, we bind the control group to the form element, and we bind the login and
   * password controls to the
   * login and password elements.
   * 
   *  ```
   * @Component({selector: "login-comp"})
   * @View({
   *      directives: [FORM_DIRECTIVES],
   *      template: "<form [ng-form-model]='loginForm'>" +
   *              "Login <input type='text' ng-control='login'>" +
   *              "Password <input type='password' ng-control='password'>" +
   *              "<button (click)="onLogin()">Login</button>" +
   *              "</form>"
   *      })
   * class LoginComp {
   *  loginForm:ControlGroup;
   * 
   *  constructor() {
   *    this.loginForm = new ControlGroup({
   *      login: new Control(""),
   *      password: new Control("")
   *    });
   *  }
   * 
   *  onLogin() {
   *    // this.loginForm.value
   *  }
   * }
   * 
   *  ```
   * 
   * We can also use ng-model to bind a domain model to the form.
   * 
   *  ```
   * @Component({selector: "login-comp"})
   * @View({
   *      directives: [FORM_DIRECTIVES],
   *      template: "<form [ng-form-model]='loginForm'>" +
   *              "Login <input type='text' ng-control='login' [(ng-model)]='login'>" +
   *              "Password <input type='password' ng-control='password' [(ng-model)]='password'>" +
   *              "<button (click)="onLogin()">Login</button>" +
   *              "</form>"
   *      })
   * class LoginComp {
   *  credentials:{login:string, password:string}
   *  loginForm:ControlGroup;
   * 
   *  constructor() {
   *    this.loginForm = new ControlGroup({
   *      login: new Control(""),
   *      password: new Control("")
   *    });
   *  }
   * 
   *  onLogin() {
   *    // this.credentials.login === 'some login'
   *    // this.credentials.password === 'some password'
   *  }
   * }
   *  ```
   */
  class NgFormModel extends ControlContainer implements Form {
    
     form: ControlGroup;
    
     directives: List<NgControl>;
    
     ngSubmit: void;
    
     onChange(_: any): void;
    
     formDirective: Form;
    
     control: ControlGroup;
    
     path: List<string>;
    
     addControl(dir: NgControl): void;
    
     getControl(dir: NgControl): Control;
    
     removeControl(dir: NgControl): void;
    
     addControlGroup(dir: NgControlGroup): void;
    
     removeControlGroup(dir: NgControlGroup): void;
    
     getControlGroup(dir: NgControlGroup): ControlGroup;
    
     updateModel(dir: NgControl, value: any): void;
    
     onSubmit(): boolean;
  }
  

  /**
   * Creates and binds a form object to a DOM element.
   * 
   * # Example
   * 
   *  ```
   * @Component({selector: "signup-comp"})
   * @View({
   *      directives: [FORM_DIRECTIVES],
   *      template: `
   *              <form #f="form" (submit)='onSignUp(f.value)'>
   *                <div ng-control-group='credentials' #credentials="form">
   *                  Login <input type='text' ng-control='login'>
   *                  Password <input type='password' ng-control='password'>
   *                </div>
   *                <div *ng-if="!credentials.valid">Credentials are invalid</div>
   * 
   *                <div ng-control-group='personal'>
   *                  Name <input type='text' ng-control='name'>
   *                </div>
   *                <button type='submit'>Sign Up!</button>
   *              </form>
   *      `})
   * class SignupComp {
   *  onSignUp(value) {
   *    // value === {personal: {name: 'some name'},
   *    //  credentials: {login: 'some login', password: 'some password'}}
   *  }
   * }
   * 
   *  ```
   */
  class NgForm extends ControlContainer implements Form {
    
     form: ControlGroup;
    
     ngSubmit: void;
    
     formDirective: Form;
    
     control: ControlGroup;
    
     path: List<string>;
    
     controls: StringMap<string, AbstractControl>;
    
     addControl(dir: NgControl): void;
    
     getControl(dir: NgControl): Control;
    
     removeControl(dir: NgControl): void;
    
     addControlGroup(dir: NgControlGroup): void;
    
     removeControlGroup(dir: NgControlGroup): void;
    
     getControlGroup(dir: NgControlGroup): ControlGroup;
    
     updateModel(dir: NgControl, value: any): void;
    
     onSubmit(): boolean;
  }
  

  /**
   * A bridge between a control and a native element.
   * 
   * Please see {@link DefaultValueAccessor} for more information.
   */
  interface ControlValueAccessor {
    
     writeValue(obj: any): void;
    
     registerOnChange(fn: any): void;
    
     registerOnTouched(fn: any): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * The default accessor for writing a value and listening to changes that is used by the
   * {@link NgModel}, {@link NgFormControl}, and {@link NgControlName} directives.
   * 
   *  # Example
   *  ```
   *  <input type="text" [(ng-model)]="searchQuery">
   *  ```
   */
  class DefaultValueAccessor implements ControlValueAccessor {
    
     cd: NgControl;
    
     onChange: void;
    
     onTouched: void;
    
     renderer: Renderer;
    
     elementRef: ElementRef;
    
     writeValue(value: any): void;
    
     ngClassUntouched: boolean;
    
     ngClassTouched: boolean;
    
     ngClassPristine: boolean;
    
     ngClassDirty: boolean;
    
     ngClassValid: boolean;
    
     ngClassInvalid: boolean;
    
     registerOnChange(fn: (_: any) => void): void;
    
     registerOnTouched(fn: () => void): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * The accessor for writing a value and listening to changes on a checkbox input element.
   * 
   *  # Example
   *  ```
   *  <input type="checkbox" [ng-control]="rememberLogin">
   *  ```
   */
  class CheckboxControlValueAccessor implements ControlValueAccessor {
    
     cd: NgControl;
    
     onChange: void;
    
     onTouched: void;
    
     renderer: Renderer;
    
     elementRef: ElementRef;
    
     writeValue(value: any): void;
    
     ngClassUntouched: boolean;
    
     ngClassTouched: boolean;
    
     ngClassPristine: boolean;
    
     ngClassDirty: boolean;
    
     ngClassValid: boolean;
    
     ngClassInvalid: boolean;
    
     registerOnChange(fn: (_: any) => {}): void;
    
     registerOnTouched(fn: () => {}): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Marks <option> as dynamic, so Angular can be notified when options change.
   * 
   * #Example:
   * 
   * ```
   * <select ng-control="city">
   *   <option *ng-for="#c of cities" [value]="c"></option>
   * </select>
   * ```
   */
  class NgSelectOption {
  }
  

  /**
   * The accessor for writing a value and listening to changes on a select element.
   */
  class SelectControlValueAccessor implements ControlValueAccessor {
    
     cd: NgControl;
    
     value: string;
    
     onChange: void;
    
     onTouched: void;
    
     renderer: Renderer;
    
     elementRef: ElementRef;
    
     writeValue(value: any): void;
    
     ngClassUntouched: boolean;
    
     ngClassTouched: boolean;
    
     ngClassPristine: boolean;
    
     ngClassDirty: boolean;
    
     ngClassValid: boolean;
    
     ngClassInvalid: boolean;
    
     registerOnChange(fn: () => any): void;
    
     registerOnTouched(fn: () => any): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * A list of all the form directives used as part of a `@View` annotation.
   * 
   *  This is a shorthand for importing them each individually.
   */
  const FORM_DIRECTIVES : List<Type> ;
  

  /**
   * Provides a set of validators used by form controls.
   * 
   * # Example
   * 
   * ```
   * var loginControl = new Control("", Validators.required)
   * ```
   */
  class Validators {
  }
  
  class NgValidator {
    
     validator: Function;
  }
  
  class NgRequiredValidator extends NgValidator {
    
     validator: Function;
  }
  

  /**
   * Creates a form object from a user-specified configuration.
   * 
   * # Example
   * 
   * ```
   * import {Component, View, bootstrap} from 'angular2/angular2';
   * import {FormBuilder, Validators, FORM_DIRECTIVES, ControlGroup} from 'angular2/forms';
   * 
   * @Component({
   *   selector: 'login-comp',
   *   viewBindings: [
   *     FormBuilder
   *   ]
   * })
   * @View({
   *   template: `
   *     <form [control-group]="loginForm">
   *       Login <input control="login">
   * 
   *       <div control-group="passwordRetry">
   *         Password <input type="password" control="password">
   *         Confirm password <input type="password" control="passwordConfirmation">
   *       </div>
   *     </form>
   *   `,
   *   directives: [
   *     FORM_DIRECTIVES
   *   ]
   * })
   * class LoginComp {
   *   loginForm: ControlGroup;
   * 
   *   constructor(builder: FormBuilder) {
   *     this.loginForm = builder.group({
   *       login: ["", Validators.required],
   * 
   *       passwordRetry: builder.group({
   *         password: ["", Validators.required],
   *         passwordConfirmation: ["", Validators.required]
   *       })
   *     });
   *   }
   * }
   * 
   * bootstrap(LoginComp)
   * ```
   * 
   * This example creates a {@link ControlGroup} that consists of a `login` {@link Control}, and a
   * nested
   * {@link ControlGroup} that defines a `password` and a `passwordConfirmation` {@link Control}:
   * 
   * ```
   *  var loginForm = builder.group({
   *    login: ["", Validators.required],
   * 
   *    passwordRetry: builder.group({
   *      password: ["", Validators.required],
   *      passwordConfirmation: ["", Validators.required]
   *    })
   *  });
   * 
   *  ```
   */
  class FormBuilder {
    
     group(controlsConfig: StringMap<string, any>, extra?: StringMap<string, any>): ControlGroup;
    
     control(value: Object, validator?: Function): Control;
    
     array(controlsConfig: List<any>, validator?: Function): ControlArray;
  }
  
  const FORM_BINDINGS : List<Type> ;
  
  class RenderDirectiveMetadata {
    
     id: any;
    
     selector: string;
    
     compileChildren: boolean;
    
     events: List<string>;
    
     properties: List<string>;
    
     readAttributes: List<string>;
    
     type: number;
    
     callOnDestroy: boolean;
    
     callOnChange: boolean;
    
     callOnCheck: boolean;
    
     callOnInit: boolean;
    
     callOnAllChangesDone: boolean;
    
     changeDetection: string;
    
     exportAs: string;
    
     hostListeners: Map<string, string>;
    
     hostProperties: Map<string, string>;
    
     hostAttributes: Map<string, string>;
    
     hostActions: Map<string, string>;
  }
  
  class DomRenderer extends Renderer {
    
     createRootHostView(hostProtoViewRef: RenderProtoViewRef, fragmentCount: number, hostElementSelector: string): RenderViewWithFragments;
    
     createView(protoViewRef: RenderProtoViewRef, fragmentCount: number): RenderViewWithFragments;
    
     destroyView(viewRef: RenderViewRef): void;
    
     getNativeElementSync(location: RenderElementRef): any;
    
     getRootNodes(fragment: RenderFragmentRef): List<Node>;
    
     attachFragmentAfterFragment(previousFragmentRef: RenderFragmentRef, fragmentRef: RenderFragmentRef): void;
    
     attachFragmentAfterElement(elementRef: RenderElementRef, fragmentRef: RenderFragmentRef): void;
    
     detachFragment(fragmentRef: RenderFragmentRef): void;
    
     hydrateView(viewRef: RenderViewRef): void;
    
     dehydrateView(viewRef: RenderViewRef): void;
    
     setElementProperty(location: RenderElementRef, propertyName: string, propertyValue: any): void;
    
     setElementAttribute(location: RenderElementRef, attributeName: string, attributeValue: string): void;
    
     setElementClass(location: RenderElementRef, className: string, isAdd: boolean): void;
    
     setElementStyle(location: RenderElementRef, styleName: string, styleValue: string): void;
    
     invokeElementMethod(location: RenderElementRef, methodName: string, args: List<any>): void;
    
     setText(viewRef: RenderViewRef, textNodeIndex: number, text: string): void;
    
     setEventDispatcher(viewRef: RenderViewRef, dispatcher: any): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * A dispatcher for all events happening in a view.
   */
  interface RenderEventDispatcher {
    

    /**
     * Called when an event was triggered for a on-* attribute on an element.
     * @param {Map<string, any>} locals Locals to be used to evaluate the
     *   event expressions
     */
     dispatchRenderEvent(elementIndex: number, eventName: string, locals: Map<string, any>): void;
  }
  
  class Renderer {
    

    /**
     * Creates a root host view that includes the given element.
     * Note that the fragmentCount needs to be passed in so that we can create a result
     * synchronously even when dealing with webworkers!
     * 
     * @param {RenderProtoViewRef} hostProtoViewRef a RenderProtoViewRef of type
     * ProtoViewDto.HOST_VIEW_TYPE
     * @param {any} hostElementSelector css selector for the host element (will be queried against the
     * main document)
     * @return {RenderViewWithFragments} the created view including fragments
     */
     createRootHostView(hostProtoViewRef: RenderProtoViewRef, fragmentCount: number, hostElementSelector: string): RenderViewWithFragments;
    

    /**
     * Creates a regular view out of the given ProtoView.
     * Note that the fragmentCount needs to be passed in so that we can create a result
     * synchronously even when dealing with webworkers!
     */
     createView(protoViewRef: RenderProtoViewRef, fragmentCount: number): RenderViewWithFragments;
    

    /**
     * Destroys the given view after it has been dehydrated and detached
     */
     destroyView(viewRef: RenderViewRef): void;
    

    /**
     * Attaches a fragment after another fragment.
     */
     attachFragmentAfterFragment(previousFragmentRef: RenderFragmentRef, fragmentRef: RenderFragmentRef): void;
    

    /**
     * Attaches a fragment after an element.
     */
     attachFragmentAfterElement(elementRef: RenderElementRef, fragmentRef: RenderFragmentRef): void;
    

    /**
     * Detaches a fragment.
     */
     detachFragment(fragmentRef: RenderFragmentRef): void;
    

    /**
     * Hydrates a view after it has been attached. Hydration/dehydration is used for reusing views
     * inside of the view pool.
     */
     hydrateView(viewRef: RenderViewRef): void;
    

    /**
     * Dehydrates a view after it has been attached. Hydration/dehydration is used for reusing views
     * inside of the view pool.
     */
     dehydrateView(viewRef: RenderViewRef): void;
    

    /**
     * Returns the native element at the given location.
     * Attention: In a WebWorker scenario, this should always return null!
     */
     getNativeElementSync(location: RenderElementRef): any;
    

    /**
     * Sets a property on an element.
     */
     setElementProperty(location: RenderElementRef, propertyName: string, propertyValue: any): void;
    

    /**
     * Sets an attribute on an element.
     */
     setElementAttribute(location: RenderElementRef, attributeName: string, attributeValue: string): void;
    

    /**
     * Sets a class on an element.
     */
     setElementClass(location: RenderElementRef, className: string, isAdd: boolean): void;
    

    /**
     * Sets a style on an element.
     */
     setElementStyle(location: RenderElementRef, styleName: string, styleValue: string): void;
    

    /**
     * Calls a method on an element.
     */
     invokeElementMethod(location: RenderElementRef, methodName: string, args: List<any>): void;
    

    /**
     * Sets the value of a text node.
     */
     setText(viewRef: RenderViewRef, textNodeIndex: number, text: string): void;
    

    /**
     * Sets the dispatcher for all events of the given view
     */
     setEventDispatcher(viewRef: RenderViewRef, dispatcher: RenderEventDispatcher): void;
  }
  

  /**
   * Abstract reference to the element which can be marshaled across web-worker boundary.
   * 
   * This interface is used by the Renderer API.
   */
  interface RenderElementRef {
    

    /**
     * Reference to the `RenderViewRef` where the `RenderElementRef` is inside of.
     */
     renderView: RenderViewRef;
    

    /**
     * Index of the element inside the `RenderViewRef`.
     * 
     * This is used internally by the Angular framework to locate elements.
     */
     renderBoundElementIndex: number;
  }
  
  class RenderViewRef {
  }
  
  class RenderProtoViewRef {
  }
  
  class RenderFragmentRef {
  }
  
  class RenderViewWithFragments {
    
     viewRef: RenderViewRef;
    
     fragmentRefs: RenderFragmentRef[];
  }
  
  class ViewDefinition {
    
     componentId: string;
    
     templateAbsUrl: string;
    
     template: string;
    
     directives: List<RenderDirectiveMetadata>;
    
     styleAbsUrls: List<string>;
    
     styles: List<string>;
    
     encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation;
  }
  
  const DOCUMENT : OpaqueToken ;
  

  /**
   * A unique id (string) for an angular application.
   */
  const APP_ID : OpaqueToken ;
  
  const DOM_REFLECT_PROPERTIES_AS_ATTRIBUTES : OpaqueToken ;
  

  /**
   * Defines when a compiled template should be stored as a string
   * rather than keeping its Nodes to preserve memory.
   */
  const MAX_IN_MEMORY_ELEMENTS_PER_TEMPLATE : OpaqueToken ;
  

  /**
   * Create trace scope.
   * 
   * Scopes must be strictly nested and are analogous to stack frames, but
   * do not have to follow the stack frames. Instead it is recommended that they follow logical
   * nesting. You may want to use
   * [Event
   * Signatures](http://google.github.io/tracing-framework/instrumenting-code.html#custom-events)
   * as they are defined in WTF.
   * 
   * Used to mark scope entry. The return value is used to leave the scope.
   * 
   *     final myScope = wtfCreateScope('MyClass#myMethod(ascii someVal)');
   * 
   *     someMethod() {
   *        var s = myScope('Foo'); // 'Foo' gets stored in tracing UI
   *        // DO SOME WORK HERE
   *        return wtfLeave(s, 123); // Return value 123
   *     }
   * 
   * Note, adding try-finally block around the work to ensure that `wtfLeave` gets called can
   * negatively impact the performance of your application. For this reason we recommend that
   * you don't add them to ensure that `wtfLeave` gets called. In production `wtfLeave` is a noop and
   * so try-finally block has no value. When debugging perf issues, skipping `wtfLeave`, do to
   * exception, will produce incorrect trace, but presence of exception signifies logic error which
   * needs to be fixed before the app should be profiled. Add try-finally only when you expect that
   * an exception is expected during normal execution while profiling.
   */
  var wtfCreateScope : WtfScopeFn ;
  

  /**
   * Used to mark end of Scope.
   * 
   * - `scope` to end.
   * - `returnValue` (optional) to be passed to the WTF.
   * 
   * Returns the `returnValue for easy chaining.
   */
  var wtfLeave : <T>(scope: any, returnValue?: T) => T ;
  

  /**
   * Used to mark Async start. Async are similar to scope but they don't have to be strictly nested.
   * The return value is used in the call to [endAsync]. Async ranges only work if WTF has been
   * enabled.
   * 
   *     someMethod() {
   *        var s = wtfStartTimeRange('HTTP:GET', 'some.url');
   *        var future = new Future.delay(5).then((_) {
   *          wtfEndTimeRange(s);
   *        });
   *     }
   */
  var wtfStartTimeRange : (rangeType: string, action: string) => any ;
  

  /**
   * Ends a async time range operation.
   * [range] is the return value from [wtfStartTimeRange] Async ranges only work if WTF has been
   * enabled.
   */
  var wtfEndTimeRange : (range: any) => void ;
  
  interface WtfScopeFn {
    
     (arg0?: any, arg1?: any): any;
  
  }
  
  var ChangeDetectorRef: InjectableReference;
  
  var ApplicationRef: InjectableReference;
  
  var Compiler: InjectableReference;
  
  var AppViewManager: InjectableReference;
  
  var ViewRef: InjectableReference;
  
  var ProtoViewRef: InjectableReference;
  
  var ViewContainerRef: InjectableReference;
  
  var ComponentRef: InjectableReference;
  
  var Key: InjectableReference;
  
}

declare module "angular2/angular2" {
  export = ng;
}