Added C++ fundamental book (EbookFoundation#6547)

* Added C++ fundamental book

* Update books/free-programming-books-langs.md

Co-authored-by: ImVector <59611597+LuigiImVector@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update books/free-programming-books-langs.md

Co-authored-by: David Ordás <3125580+davorpa@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-authored-by: ImVector <59611597+LuigiImVector@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: David Ordás <3125580+davorpa@users.noreply.github.com>

Author: 3 people

books/free-programming-books-langs.md

@@ -494,6 +494,7 @@ That section got so big, we decided to split it into its own file, the [BY SUBJE
 * [CS106X Programming Abstractions in C++](http://web.stanford.edu/class/cs106x/)
 * [Elements of Programming](http://elementsofprogramming.com) - Alexander Stepanov and Paul McJones - (PDF)
 * [Financial Numerical Recipes in C++](https://ba-odegaard.no/gcc_prog/recipes/) - Bernt Arne Ødegaard (PDF)
+* [Fundamentals of C++ Programming](https://web.archive.org/web/20191005170118/https://python.cs.southern.edu/cppbook/progcpp.pdf) - Richard L. Halterman (PDF) *(:card_file_box: archived)*
 * [Game Programming Patterns](http://gameprogrammingpatterns.com)
 * [Google's C++ Style Guide](https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html)
 * [Hands-On System Programming with C++](https://www.packtpub.com/free-ebook/hands-on-system-programming-with-c/9781789137880) - Dr. Rian Quinn (Packt account *required*)