fix: port nightly debug build VK check fix from merge-train to next

[AztecBot]

Summary

Ports the fix from #21957 (merged into merge-train/barretenberg on March 24) to next. The nightly debug build has been failing for 5+ consecutive days because this fix hasn't propagated yet.

The test_chonk_standalone_vks_havent_changed.sh script crashes when running with a debug-built bb binary. Mock IVC data used for VK generation has intentionally dummy calldata commitments that trigger BB_ASSERT_DEBUG(kernel_return_data_match) in chonk.cpp — a no-op in release builds but fatal in debug.

Changes

• cli.cpp: Add --disable_asserts flag to bb check command, which calls BB_DISABLE_ASSERTS() to convert assertions to warnings
• test_chonk_standalone_vks_havent_changed.sh: Export bb_preset and pass --disable_asserts when preset is debug

CI log

http://ci.aztec-labs.com/ed339fd42baf768f

Analysis

https://gist.github.com/AztecBot/379b6f904b57ac007e147a4e62bbb5c1

ClaudeBox log: https://claudebox.work/s/f77b6fe9b88aab06?run=1

[AztecBot]

Automatically closing this stale claudebox draft PR (no updates for 5+ days). Re-open if still needed.