feat: support cast filter

[discord9]

I hereby agree to the terms of the GreptimeDB CLA.

Refer to a related PR or issue link (optional)

#7913 could be one way to fix it， could use together with #7926

What's changed and what's your intention?

support cast(<time index>) <op> <literal> filter in table scan, deal with different precision&off by one error
TODO: more tests

PR Checklist

Please convert it to a draft if some of the following conditions are not met.

• I have written the necessary rustdoc comments.
• I have added the necessary unit tests and integration tests.
• This PR requires documentation updates.
• API changes are backward compatible.
• Schema or data changes are backward compatible.

[gemini-code-assist]

Code Review

This pull request introduces the ability to extract timestamp ranges from predicates where the time index column is cast to milliseconds. It adds the get_casted_timestamp_filter function and supporting utilities to handle various comparison operators and literal-left expressions, accompanied by unit tests. A review comment suggests simplifying verbose type paths for DataType and TimeUnit by using the existing arrow alias to improve code readability.

[gemini-code-assist]

The type paths for DataType and TimeUnit are unnecessarily verbose. Since datatypes::arrow is imported as arrow at the top of the file, you can use arrow::datatypes::DataType and arrow::datatypes::TimeUnit directly to improve readability.

    if !matches!(
        &cast.data_type,
        arrow::datatypes::DataType::Timestamp(arrow::datatypes::TimeUnit::Millisecond, None)
    ) {
        return false;
    }