Deprecate implicit legacy SQL default in BigQuery operators

providers/google/docs/connections/bigquery.rst

@@ -38,7 +38,9 @@ Impersonation Scopes
 
 
 Use Legacy SQL
-  Whether or not the connection should utilize legacy SQL.
+  Whether or not the connection should utilize legacy SQL. GoogleSQL is the recommended dialect for
+  BigQuery. BigQuery legacy SQL availability is restricted after June 1, 2026, based on legacy SQL
+  usage during Google's evaluation period.
 
 Location
     One of `BigQuery locations <https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/locations>`_ where the dataset resides.

providers/google/docs/operators/cloud/bigquery.rst

@@ -27,6 +27,16 @@ analyzing data to find meaningful insights using familiar SQL.
 Airflow provides operators to manage datasets and tables, run queries and validate
 data.
 
+.. note::
+
+    GoogleSQL is the recommended dialect for BigQuery. BigQuery legacy SQL availability is restricted
+    after June 1, 2026, based on legacy SQL usage during Google's evaluation period. In Airflow, the
+    implicit default for older BigQuery operators that expose ``use_legacy_sql`` is deprecated and will
+    change from ``True`` to ``False`` in a future provider release. Set ``use_legacy_sql=True``
+    explicitly if you still need legacy SQL, or set ``use_legacy_sql=False`` to use GoogleSQL.
+    For more information, see
+    `Legacy SQL feature availability <https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/legacy-sql-feature-availability>`__.
+
 Prerequisite Tasks
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 

providers/google/src/airflow/providers/google/cloud/hooks/bigquery.py

@@ -95,6 +95,12 @@
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
+BIGQUERY_LEGACY_SQL_DEFAULT_WARNING = (
+    "The default value of `use_legacy_sql` is deprecated and will change from `True` to `False` "
+    "in a future provider release. Set `use_legacy_sql=True` explicitly if you need legacy SQL, "
+    "or set `use_legacy_sql=False` to use GoogleSQL."
+)
+
 BigQueryJob = CopyJob | QueryJob | LoadJob | ExtractJob
 
 _ROUTINE_WRITABLE_PROPERTIES: tuple[str, ...] = (
@@ -190,7 +196,15 @@ def __init__(
         # Use sentinel pattern to distinguish "not provided" from "explicitly provided"
         if use_legacy_sql is _UNSET:
             value = self._get_field("use_legacy_sql", _UNSET)
-            self.use_legacy_sql: bool = value if value is not None else True
+            if value is None:
+                warnings.warn(
+                    BIGQUERY_LEGACY_SQL_DEFAULT_WARNING,
+                    AirflowProviderDeprecationWarning,
+                    stacklevel=2,
+                )
+                self.use_legacy_sql = True
+            else:
+                self.use_legacy_sql = value
         else:
             self.use_legacy_sql = use_legacy_sql  # type: ignore[assignment]
 

providers/google/src/airflow/providers/google/cloud/operators/bigquery.py

@@ -64,6 +64,15 @@
 from airflow.providers.google.common.hooks.base_google import PROVIDE_PROJECT_ID
 from airflow.utils.helpers import exactly_one
 
+try:
+    from airflow.sdk.definitions._internal.types import NOTSET, ArgNotSet, is_arg_set
+except ImportError:
+    from airflow.utils.types import NOTSET, ArgNotSet  # type: ignore[attr-defined,no-redef]
+
+    def is_arg_set(value):  # type: ignore[misc,no-redef]
+        return value is not NOTSET
+
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from google.api_core.retry import Retry
     from google.cloud.bigquery import UnknownJob
@@ -72,10 +81,27 @@
 
 
 BIGQUERY_JOB_DETAILS_LINK_FMT = "https://console.cloud.google.com/bigquery?j={job_id}"
+BIGQUERY_LEGACY_SQL_DEFAULT_WARNING = (
+    "The default value of `use_legacy_sql` is deprecated and will change from `True` to `False` "
+    "in a future provider release. Set `use_legacy_sql=True` explicitly if you need legacy SQL, "
+    "or set `use_legacy_sql=False` to use GoogleSQL."
+)
 
 LABEL_REGEX = re.compile(r"^[\w-]{0,63}$")
 
 
+def _resolve_use_legacy_sql(use_legacy_sql: bool | ArgNotSet) -> bool:
+    if is_arg_set(use_legacy_sql):
+        return use_legacy_sql
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        BIGQUERY_LEGACY_SQL_DEFAULT_WARNING,
+        AirflowProviderDeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=3,
+    )
+    return True
+
+
 class BigQueryUIColors(enum.Enum):
     """Hex colors for BigQuery operators."""
 
@@ -229,7 +255,7 @@ def __init__(
         sql: str,
         gcp_conn_id: str = "google_cloud_default",
         project_id: str = PROVIDE_PROJECT_ID,
-        use_legacy_sql: bool = True,
+        use_legacy_sql: bool | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
         location: str | None = None,
         impersonation_chain: str | Sequence[str] | None = None,
         labels: dict | None = None,
@@ -241,7 +267,7 @@ def __init__(
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(sql=sql, **kwargs)
         self.gcp_conn_id = gcp_conn_id
-        self.use_legacy_sql = use_legacy_sql
+        self.use_legacy_sql = _resolve_use_legacy_sql(use_legacy_sql)
         self.location = location
         self.impersonation_chain = impersonation_chain
         self.labels = labels
@@ -278,6 +304,7 @@ def execute(self, context: Context):
             hook = BigQueryHook(
                 gcp_conn_id=self.gcp_conn_id,
                 impersonation_chain=self.impersonation_chain,
+                use_legacy_sql=self.use_legacy_sql,
             )
             if self.project_id is None:
                 self.project_id = hook.project_id
@@ -387,7 +414,7 @@ def __init__(
         encryption_configuration: dict | None = None,
         gcp_conn_id: str = "google_cloud_default",
         project_id: str = PROVIDE_PROJECT_ID,
-        use_legacy_sql: bool = True,
+        use_legacy_sql: bool | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
         location: str | None = None,
         impersonation_chain: str | Sequence[str] | None = None,
         labels: dict | None = None,
@@ -398,7 +425,7 @@ def __init__(
         super().__init__(sql=sql, pass_value=pass_value, tolerance=tolerance, **kwargs)
         self.location = location
         self.gcp_conn_id = gcp_conn_id
-        self.use_legacy_sql = use_legacy_sql
+        self.use_legacy_sql = _resolve_use_legacy_sql(use_legacy_sql)
         self.encryption_configuration = encryption_configuration
         self.impersonation_chain = impersonation_chain
         self.labels = labels
@@ -433,7 +460,11 @@ def execute(self, context: Context) -> None:
         if not self.deferrable:
             super().execute(context=context)
         else:
-            hook = BigQueryHook(gcp_conn_id=self.gcp_conn_id, impersonation_chain=self.impersonation_chain)
+            hook = BigQueryHook(
+                gcp_conn_id=self.gcp_conn_id,
+                impersonation_chain=self.impersonation_chain,
+                use_legacy_sql=self.use_legacy_sql,
+            )
             if self.project_id is None:
                 self.project_id = hook.project_id
             job = self._submit_job(hook, job_id="")
@@ -549,7 +580,7 @@ def __init__(
         date_filter_column: str = "ds",
         days_back: SupportsAbs[int] = -7,
         gcp_conn_id: str = "google_cloud_default",
-        use_legacy_sql: bool = True,
+        use_legacy_sql: bool | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
         location: str | None = None,
         encryption_configuration: dict | None = None,
         impersonation_chain: str | Sequence[str] | None = None,
@@ -568,7 +599,7 @@ def __init__(
         )
 
         self.gcp_conn_id = gcp_conn_id
-        self.use_legacy_sql = use_legacy_sql
+        self.use_legacy_sql = _resolve_use_legacy_sql(use_legacy_sql)
         self.location = location
         self.encryption_configuration = encryption_configuration
         self.impersonation_chain = impersonation_chain
@@ -598,7 +629,11 @@ def execute(self, context: Context):
         if not self.deferrable:
             super().execute(context)
         else:
-            hook = BigQueryHook(gcp_conn_id=self.gcp_conn_id, impersonation_chain=self.impersonation_chain)
+            hook = BigQueryHook(
+                gcp_conn_id=self.gcp_conn_id,
+                impersonation_chain=self.impersonation_chain,
+                use_legacy_sql=self.use_legacy_sql,
+            )
             self.log.info("Using ratio formula: %s", self.ratio_formula)
 
             if self.project_id is None:
@@ -701,7 +736,7 @@ def __init__(
         encryption_configuration: dict | None = None,
         gcp_conn_id: str = "google_cloud_default",
         project_id: str = PROVIDE_PROJECT_ID,
-        use_legacy_sql: bool = True,
+        use_legacy_sql: bool | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
         location: str | None = None,
         impersonation_chain: str | Sequence[str] | None = None,
         labels: dict | None = None,
@@ -722,7 +757,7 @@ def __init__(
         self.accept_none = accept_none
         self.gcp_conn_id = gcp_conn_id
         self.encryption_configuration = encryption_configuration
-        self.use_legacy_sql = use_legacy_sql
+        self.use_legacy_sql = _resolve_use_legacy_sql(use_legacy_sql)
         self.location = location
         self.impersonation_chain = impersonation_chain
         self.labels = labels
@@ -842,7 +877,7 @@ def __init__(
         partition_clause: str | None = None,
         gcp_conn_id: str = "google_cloud_default",
         project_id: str = PROVIDE_PROJECT_ID,
-        use_legacy_sql: bool = True,
+        use_legacy_sql: bool | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
         location: str | None = None,
         impersonation_chain: str | Sequence[str] | None = None,
         labels: dict | None = None,
@@ -851,7 +886,7 @@ def __init__(
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(table=table, checks=checks, partition_clause=partition_clause, **kwargs)
         self.gcp_conn_id = gcp_conn_id
-        self.use_legacy_sql = use_legacy_sql
+        self.use_legacy_sql = _resolve_use_legacy_sql(use_legacy_sql)
         self.location = location
         self.impersonation_chain = impersonation_chain
         self.labels = labels
@@ -1037,7 +1072,7 @@ def __init__(
         deferrable: bool = conf.getboolean("operators", "default_deferrable", fallback=False),
         poll_interval: float = 4.0,
         as_dict: bool = False,
-        use_legacy_sql: bool = True,
+        use_legacy_sql: bool | ArgNotSet = NOTSET,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
@@ -1057,7 +1092,7 @@ def __init__(
         self.deferrable = deferrable
         self.poll_interval = poll_interval
         self.as_dict = as_dict
-        self.use_legacy_sql = use_legacy_sql
+        self.use_legacy_sql = _resolve_use_legacy_sql(use_legacy_sql)
 
     def _submit_job(
         self,

providers/google/src/airflow/providers/google/cloud/transfers/gcs_to_bigquery.py

@@ -362,6 +362,7 @@ def execute(self, context: Context):
             gcp_conn_id=self.gcp_conn_id,
             location=self.location,
             impersonation_chain=self.impersonation_chain,
+            use_legacy_sql=False,
         )
         self.hook = hook
         self.source_format = self.source_format.upper()
@@ -513,6 +514,7 @@ def _find_max_value_in_column(self):
             gcp_conn_id=self.gcp_conn_id,
             location=self.location,
             impersonation_chain=self.impersonation_chain,
+            use_legacy_sql=False,
         )
         if self.max_id_key:
             self.log.info("Selecting the MAX value from BigQuery column %r...", self.max_id_key)
@@ -854,6 +856,7 @@ def get_openlineage_facets_on_complete(self, task_instance):
                 gcp_conn_id=self.gcp_conn_id,
                 location=self.location,
                 impersonation_chain=self.impersonation_chain,
+                use_legacy_sql=False,
             )
 
         project_id = self.project_id or self.hook.project_id

providers/google/tests/deprecations_ignore.yml

@@ -57,6 +57,13 @@
 - providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/hooks/test_bigquery.py::TestTimePartitioningInRunJob::test_run_query_with_arg
 - providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/hooks/test_bigquery.py::TestTimePartitioningInRunJob::test_run_with_auto_detect
 - providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/hooks/test_gcs.py::TestGCSHook::test_list__error_match_glob_and_invalid_delimiter
+- providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/operators/test_bigquery.py::TestBigQueryCheckOperator
+- providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/operators/test_bigquery.py::TestBigQueryCheckOperators
+- providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/operators/test_bigquery.py::TestBigQueryColumnCheckOperator
+- providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/operators/test_bigquery.py::TestBigQueryGetDataOperator
+- providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/operators/test_bigquery.py::TestBigQueryIntervalCheckOperator
+- providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/operators/test_bigquery.py::TestBigQueryTableCheckOperator
+- providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/operators/test_bigquery.py::TestBigQueryValueCheckOperator
 - providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/operators/test_dataproc.py::TestDataprocClusterScaleOperator::test_execute
 - providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/operators/test_bigquery.py::TestBigQueryInsertJobOperator
 - providers/google/tests/unit/google/cloud/operators/test_dataproc.py::test_create_cluster_operator_extra_links

providers/google/tests/system/google/cloud/bigquery/example_bigquery_queries.py

@@ -176,6 +176,7 @@
         table_id=TABLE_1,
         max_results=10,
         selected_fields="value,name",
+        use_legacy_sql=False,
     )
     # [END howto_operator_bigquery_get_data]
 
@@ -216,6 +217,7 @@
         task_id="column_check",
         table=f"{DATASET_NAME}.{TABLE_1}",
         column_mapping={"value": {"null_check": {"equal_to": 0}}},
+        use_legacy_sql=False,
     )
     # [END howto_operator_bigquery_column_check]
 
@@ -224,6 +226,7 @@
         task_id="table_check",
         table=f"{DATASET_NAME}.{TABLE_1}",
         checks={"row_count_check": {"check_statement": "COUNT(*) = 4"}},
+        use_legacy_sql=False,
     )
     # [END howto_operator_bigquery_table_check]