[C++] Allow ParquetWriter to take a RecordBatchReader as input

[asfimport]

Please could we extend the Parquet Writer to not only take a Table or RecordBatch as inputs, but also RecordBatchReader? This would be super-helpful for opening data as a dataset and writing to a single file.

Reporter: Nicola Crane / @thisisnic

Related issues:

• [R] Allow all file writers to write from a RecordBatchReader (blocks)
• [R] [C++] Allow me to write_parquet() from an arrow_dplyr_query (is depended upon by)

PRs and other links:

• GitHub Pull Request #13959

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-14742. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}

[asfimport]

Alvin Chunga Mamani / @AlvinJ15:
The current implementation of the ParquetFileWriter  inherits the 

FileWriter::Write(RecordBatchReader* batches)

{{{}}}which is  the RecordBatchReader support.
This is Similar as CSVFileWriter
cc:   @thisisnic  

[asfimport]

Nicola Crane / @thisisnic:
I'll admit I don't understand this bit of the codebase super well, and so will have to take a look later to see if this means that ARROW-14428 is currently possible.

[asfimport]

Apache Arrow JIRA Bot:
This issue was last updated over 90 days ago, which may be an indication it is no longer being actively worked. To better reflect the current state, the issue is being unassigned per project policy. Please feel free to re-take assignment of the issue if it is being actively worked, or if you plan to start that work soon.

[wjones127]

Once #15216 is complete, this should be easy to implement without requiring Dataset. The method @AlvinJ15 mentions is from the dataset module.

[github-actions]

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