ARROW-16025: [Python][C++] Fix segmentation fault when closing ORCFileWritter

[raulcd]

This PR fixes ARROW-16025 (Calling nonexistent method of pyarrow.orc.ORCWriter causes segfault).

The segmentation fault can be reproduced with the test:

def test_wrong_usage_orc_writer(tempdir):
    from pyarrow import orc

    path = str(tempdir / 'test.orc')
    with orc.ORCWriter(path) as writer:
        with pytest.raises(AttributeError):
            writer.test()

The issue was that closing ORCFileWriter without actually writing was trying to close a null writer (writer_->close();) causing the segmentation fault.

[github-actions]

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-16025

[raulcd]

As discussed with @jorisvandenbossche I have added a test that was causing a segmentation fault previously as seen on ARROW-15723 which is solved as part of this fix.

[jorisvandenbossche]

Looks good, thanks a lot!

[amol-]

The failed test is unrelated, merging

[ursabot]

Benchmark runs are scheduled for baseline = 5441c4b and contender = ccaef09. ccaef09 is a master commit associated with this PR. Results will be available as each benchmark for each run completes.
Conbench compare runs links:
[Finished ⬇️0.0% ⬆️0.0%] ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Finished ⬇️1.17% ⬆️0.0%] test-mac-arm
[Finished ⬇️0.0% ⬆️0.0%] ursa-i9-9960x
[Finished ⬇️0.17% ⬆️0.0%] ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
Buildkite builds:
[Finished] <https://buildkite.com/apache-arrow/arrow-bci-benchmark-on-ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2/builds/498| ccaef092 ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2>
[Finished] <https://buildkite.com/apache-arrow/arrow-bci-benchmark-on-test-mac-arm/builds/484| ccaef092 test-mac-arm>
[Finished] <https://buildkite.com/apache-arrow/arrow-bci-benchmark-on-ursa-i9-9960x/builds/484| ccaef092 ursa-i9-9960x>
[Finished] <https://buildkite.com/apache-arrow/arrow-bci-benchmark-on-ursa-thinkcentre-m75q/builds/494| ccaef092 ursa-thinkcentre-m75q>
[Finished] <https://buildkite.com/apache-arrow/arrow-bci-benchmark-on-ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2/builds/497| 5441c4b1 ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2>
[Finished] <https://buildkite.com/apache-arrow/arrow-bci-benchmark-on-test-mac-arm/builds/483| 5441c4b1 test-mac-arm>
[Finished] <https://buildkite.com/apache-arrow/arrow-bci-benchmark-on-ursa-i9-9960x/builds/483| 5441c4b1 ursa-i9-9960x>
[Finished] <https://buildkite.com/apache-arrow/arrow-bci-benchmark-on-ursa-thinkcentre-m75q/builds/493| 5441c4b1 ursa-thinkcentre-m75q>
Supported benchmarks:
ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2: Supported benchmark langs: Python, R. Runs only benchmarks with cloud = True
test-mac-arm: Supported benchmark langs: C++, Python, R
ursa-i9-9960x: Supported benchmark langs: Python, R, JavaScript
ursa-thinkcentre-m75q: Supported benchmark langs: C++, Java