space-datasets — Open Space, Astronomy & Physics Datasets on Hugging Face

Open-source data pipelines that publish 193 space, astronomy, and physics datasets to Hugging Face in Parquet format. Covers satellites, orbital mechanics, asteroids, space weather, solar activity, exoplanets, gravitational waves, pulsars, radio surveys, X-ray catalogs, space probes, particle physics, and more — sourced from NASA, NOAA, ESA, SpaceX, Wikidata, and other public APIs. Updated daily via GitHub Actions.

All datasets are loadable in one line (load_dataset("juliensimon/...")), require no API keys, and work with pandas, polars, or any Parquet-compatible tool.

Top downloads

23,417 downloads (+550) · 7 likes · 199 datasets · updated 2026-04-24

#	Dataset	Downloads
1	space-track-tle-history	2,158
2	esa-exomars-tgo-observations	1,229 (+3)
3	wmo-oscar-satellites	907 (+214)
4	constellation-tle-latest	627 (+24)
5	spacex-launches	517 (+11)
6	gaia-dr3-eclipsing-binaries	376 (+1)
7	starlink-fleet-data	363 (+13)
8	gaia-dr3-young-stellar-objects	361 (+2)
9	gaia-dr3-white-dwarfs	360 (+3)
10	open-agent-traces	352 (+28)

Datasets

Orbital Mechanics

Track every object orbiting Earth and beyond. This collection covers the complete NORAD satellite catalog, daily Starlink constellation health, two-line element sets dating back to 1959, launch records, and near-Earth asteroid monitoring from NASA JPL. Whether you're propagating orbits with SGP4, analyzing space debris trends, or studying asteroid close approaches, these datasets provide the foundation for orbital mechanics research and space situational awareness.

Dataset	Description	Last Updated	Schedule	Size
ast-spacemobile-fleet-data	Daily AST SpaceMobile BlueBird + BlueWalker direct-to-cell constellation health		Daily	<1 MB
asterank-asteroid-mining	Mining economics for 400K+ asteroids: estimated value, profit, delta-v, and spectral types from Asterank	—	Static	~20 MB
asteroid-lightcurves-lcdb	Rotation periods, lightcurve amplitudes, diameters, and taxonomies for 20K+ asteroids from LCDB	—	Static	~1 MB
blue-origin-launches	Complete Blue Origin launch manifest — New Shepard + New Glenn flights (past and upcoming)		Daily	<1 MB
bus-demeo-asteroid-taxonomy	Reference Bus-DeMeo spectroscopic taxonomy for 371 asteroids (24 classes, 0.45-2.45 um)	—	Static	<1 MB
comet-catalog	1,278 comets with orbital elements, discoverers, and discovery dates from Wikidata		Quarterly	<1 MB
constellation-census	19 satellite constellations (Starlink, OneWeb, Kuiper, GPS, etc.) — 11K+ satellites		Daily	0.4 MB
constellation-tle-latest	Daily TLE snapshots for 18 constellations: GNSS, OneWeb, Iridium, Planet, SES, Intelsat, and more		Daily	<5 MB
fcc-ngso-filings	FCC IBFS filings for major NGSO constellations — requested satellite counts, shells, status		Weekly	<1 MB
fireball-bolide-events	Fireball and bolide atmospheric impact events detected by US government sensors		Weekly	<1 MB
gcat-launch-vehicles	4,875 launch vehicles, engines, and stages from GCAT	—	Static	<1 MB
gcat-satellite-catalog	68K+ satellites, rocket bodies, and debris from GCAT (Jonathan McDowell)		Weekly	2.6 MB
globalstar-fleet-data	Daily Globalstar constellation health — per-generation satellite counts and status (Amazon-owned as of 2026)		Daily	<1 MB
iau-meteor-showers	2,163 meteor shower records from the IAU Meteor Data Center	—	Static	<1 MB
jpl-small-body-database	1.4M+ asteroids and comets with orbital elements and physical parameters		Daily	200 MB
kuiper-fleet-data	Daily Amazon Project Kuiper constellation health — per-shell satellite counts and status		Daily	<1 MB
launch-cost-to-leo	Historical and current launch vehicle costs per kilogram to low Earth orbit (LEO)	—	Static	<1 MB
launch-vehicles	230+ orbital launch vehicles with specs and payload capacity from Wikidata		Quarterly	<1 MB
mpc-comet-elements	Orbital elements for all known comets from the Minor Planet Center	—	Static	<1 MB
neo-close-approaches	35K+ near-Earth asteroid and comet close approaches from NASA JPL		Daily	3.2 MB
neowise-asteroid-properties	Diameters, albedos, and beaming parameters for 100K+ asteroids from WISE/NEOWISE	—	Static	~10 MB
nesvorny-asteroid-families	150K+ asteroids grouped into dynamical families by hierarchical clustering (Nesvorny et al.)	—	Static	~10 MB
nhats-accessible-asteroids	4,800+ asteroids accessible for human space missions with delta-v requirements		Daily	<1 MB
oneweb-fleet-data	Daily OneWeb (Eutelsat) constellation health — per-plane satellite counts at ~1,200 km		Daily	<1 MB
orbital-fragmentation-events	Catalog of orbital fragmentation events (breakups, explosions, collisions) from NORAD SATCAT	—	Static	<1 MB
reentry-events	35K satellite and debris reentry events with decay dates and locations		Daily	<1 MB
satnogs-transmitters	10K+ satellite radio transmitters and frequencies from SatNOGS		Weekly	5 MB
sdss-asteroid-taxonomy	Compositional taxonomy for 50K+ SDSS observations of asteroids with ugriz reflectances	—	Static	~5 MB
sentry-impact-risk	Near-Earth objects with non-zero Earth impact probability		Daily	<1 MB
space-agency-database	Space agencies and governmental space organizations worldwide		Quarterly	<1 MB
space-launch-log	Every orbital and suborbital launch since 1957 with sites and outcomes		Weekly	2.4 MB
space-missions	24K+ crewed and uncrewed space missions from Wikidata		Quarterly	<1 MB
space-track-satcat	Complete NORAD satellite catalog — 68K satellites, rocket bodies, and debris		Daily	1.6 MB
space-track-tle-history	238 million orbital element sets for every cataloged object since 1959		Daily	10.9 GB
spacecraft-database	8K+ spacecraft with operators, manufacturers, and orbits from Wikidata		Quarterly	<1 MB
spacex-launches	659 SpaceX missions with timelines, descriptions, and carousel photos from spacex.com		Daily	~80 MB
ssodnet-asteroid-properties	Physical properties for 500K+ asteroids (diameters, albedos, taxonomy, masses) from IMCCE SsODNet	—	Static	~50 MB
starlink-fleet-data	Daily Starlink constellation health — per-shell satellite counts and status		Daily	618 MB
starlink-ground-stations	Starlink gateway and point-of-presence locations worldwide		Daily	7 KB
starlink-tle-latest	Latest Starlink + GPS TLEs in raw and Parquet format		Daily	1.5 MB
tno-centaur-properties	652 TNO/Centaur physical properties (diameter, albedo, density) from PDS	—	Static	<1 MB
ucs-satellite-database	7,500+ active satellites with purpose, operator, and orbit metadata		Quarterly	5 MB
ula-launches	Complete United Launch Alliance manifest — Atlas V, Delta, Vulcan Centaur flights		Daily	<1 MB
wmo-oscar-satellites	1,025 Earth-observing satellites and 1,230 instruments from WMO OSCAR		Quarterly	<1 MB

Space Probes & Missions

Data returned by humanity's most distant spacecraft and surface explorers. Includes 50+ years of interplanetary measurements from Voyager and Pioneer, Cassini's Saturn observations, Mars surface weather and 2M+ images from Perseverance and Curiosity, MAVEN atmospheric key parameters, rock compositions from Curiosity's laser spectrometer, marsquake detections from InSight, and million-record observation logs from ESA's Mars Express, ExoMars TGO, Rosetta, BepiColombo, JUICE, and Huygens missions. Ideal for planetary science, mission planning studies, and multi-instrument data fusion.

Dataset	Description	Last Updated	Schedule	Size
artemis-ii	Artemis II crewed lunar flyby: 1,285 trajectory vectors, crew manifest, mission timeline, payloads		Daily	<1 MB
cassini-saturn-observations	63K Saturn observation records from the Cassini mission (2004-2017)	—	Static	1.6 MB
deep-space-probes	1.2M hourly readings from Voyager 1+2 and Pioneer 10+11 (1972-2025)		Monthly	32 MB
esa-bepicolombo-observations	176K+ observation records from ESA/JAXA BepiColombo Mercury mission (11 instruments, cruise + flybys)		Weekly	~20 MB
esa-exomars-tgo-observations	27M+ observation records from ESA ExoMars TGO (4 instruments, since 2018)		Weekly	~2 GB
esa-huygens-titan-descent	14K+ observation metadata from ESA Huygens Titan descent (8 instruments, 2005)	—	Static	<1 MB
esa-juice-observations	6K+ observation records from ESA JUICE Jupiter mission (cruise phase, growing)		Weekly	<1 MB
esa-mars-express-observations	1.66M observation metadata from ESA Mars Express (8 instruments, since 2003)		Weekly	200 MB
esa-rosetta-observations	14M+ observation records from ESA Rosetta at comet 67P (15 instruments incl. Philae)	—	Static	~2 GB
esa-venus-express-observations	525K observation metadata from ESA Venus Express (5 instruments, 2006-2014)		Weekly	21 MB
galileo-jupiter-atmosphere	Jupiter atmospheric profile from Galileo Probe descent (1995) — temperature, pressure, density to 24 bar	—	Static	<1 MB
gcat-deep-space	1,206 deep space objects and 469 planetary landings from GCAT		Weekly	<1 MB
huygens-titan-atmosphere	Titan atmospheric profile from Huygens Probe descent (2005) — 1,400 km to surface	—	Static	<1 MB
insight-marsquake-catalog	2,715 marsquakes detected by InSight SEIS seismometer (2019-2022, final catalog)	—	Static	<1 MB
isro-missions	ISRO spacecraft, launchers, customer satellites, and research centres		Quarterly	<1 MB
mars-chemcam-compositions	30K+ Mars rock/soil oxide compositions from Curiosity ChemCam LIBS	—	Static	1 MB
mars-perseverance-weather	Mars surface weather from Perseverance MEDA (temperature, pressure, wind, UV)		Monthly	~100 MB
nasa-eva-chronology	375 spacewalks (EVAs) — complete history from Gemini to ISS	—	Static	<1 MB
nasa-mars-rover-images	400K+ image metadata from Perseverance and Curiosity rovers (sol, camera, position, URLs)		Weekly	~50 MB
nasa-maven-kp-insitu	MAVEN Mars atmosphere key parameters: solar wind, magnetic field, ion composition at 4-8s cadence		Quarterly	~500 MB
pds-planetary-missions	NASA PDS mission catalog — 98 missions, 115 spacecraft, 748 instruments with targets and cross-references	—	Static	<5 MB
pluto-atmosphere	Pluto atmospheric profiles (temperature, pressure, composition, haze) from New Horizons	—	Static	<1 MB

Planetary Science

Explore the surfaces of other worlds through impact crater databases and geochemistry. Features the most comprehensive crater catalogs available — 1.3 million lunar craters, 384K Mars craters, and 44K Ceres craters mapped by the Dawn mission — alongside IAU-approved planetary nomenclature and the Meteoritical Society's record of every known meteorite fall on Earth.

Dataset	Description	Last Updated	Schedule	Size
ceres-craters-dawn	44,594 impact craters on Ceres (>=1 km) from the Dawn Framing Camera	—	Static	9 MB
impact-craters	4K+ impact craters across the solar system (Earth, Moon, Mars, etc.) from Wikidata		Quarterly	<1 MB
lunar-craters-robbins	1.3M+ lunar impact craters from the Robbins 2019 database	—	Static	200 MB
lunar-sample-geochemistry	58K geochemical analyses of Apollo/Luna/Chang'e 5 lunar samples (Astromat)	—	Static	1.4 MB
mars-craters-robbins	384K+ Mars impact craters from the Robbins & Hynek 2012 database	—	Static	50 MB
mercury-crater-degradation	3,253 Mercury craters with degradation classification (Kinczyk et al. 2020)	—	Static	<1 MB
mercury-craters-herrick	16,876 Mercury impact craters from MESSENGER imagery (Herrick et al. 2011)	—	Static	<1 MB
meteorite-database	1,200+ named meteorites with classification, mass, and fall location from Wikidata		Quarterly	<1 MB
meteorite-landings	45K+ known meteorite landings with classification and mass	—	Static	5 MB
planetary-nomenclature	15K+ IAU-approved named features on Moon, Mars, Venus, and Mercury	—	Static	5 MB
solar-system-moons	All 200+ known natural satellites of planets and dwarf planets with orbital and physical parameters	—	Static	<1 MB

Space Weather

Monitor the Sun-Earth connection in near real-time. These datasets track solar flares, coronal mass ejections, geomagnetic storms, and the solar wind — the key drivers of space weather that affect satellite operations, GPS accuracy, power grids, and astronaut safety. Includes essential indices for orbit propagation (Kp, Ap, F10.7), 70+ years of sunspot records, and official NOAA alerts. Updated daily from NOAA SWPC, NASA DONKI, WDC Kyoto, and other authoritative sources.

Dataset	Description	Last Updated	Schedule	Size
auroral-electrojet-index	Hourly AE/AU/AL/AO auroral electrojet indices from Kyoto WDC		Daily	2 MB
celestrak-space-weather	Consolidated space weather data for orbit propagation (Kp, Ap, F10.7)		Daily	5 MB
donki-space-weather-events	12K+ coronal mass ejections, geomagnetic storms, and solar particle events (2010+)		Daily	1.0 MB
dst-index	600K+ hourly geomagnetic storm intensity readings since 1957 (Dst index)		Daily	1.7 MB
f107-solar-flux	Daily F10.7 cm solar radio flux since 1947 — primary proxy for atmospheric drag		Daily	2 MB
forbush-decreases	7,097 Forbush decrease events (1957-2016) with solar wind, IMF, and CME parameters from IZMIRAN	—	Static	<1 MB
geomagnetic-kp-index	3-hourly geomagnetic disturbance index (Kp 0-9) with NOAA storm scale		Daily	4 KB
iers-earth-orientation	Daily Earth orientation parameters (polar motion, UT1-UTC, LOD) since 1973		Daily	5 MB
neutron-monitor-cosmic-rays	Hourly cosmic ray intensity from the global neutron monitor network		Daily	<1 MB
omni-solar-wind-parameters	561K+ hourly solar wind parameters (velocity, density, IMF) from NASA OMNI		Daily	20 MB
silso-sunspot-number	120K+ daily sunspot numbers since 1818 from SILSO/Royal Observatory of Belgium		Monthly	3 MB
solar-flare-events	16K+ individual solar flare detections from GOES X-ray sensors (2017+)		Daily	0.5 MB
solar-proton-events	Solar proton events (SPEs) affecting the Earth environment from 1976 to present	—	Static	<1 MB
solar-radio-bursts	Solar radio burst events (Type II/III/IV/V) from HEASARC		Weekly	5 MB
solar-wind	Real-time solar wind speed, density, temperature, and magnetic field from L1		Daily	0.2 MB
space-weather-indices	Daily Kp, Ap, F10.7 solar and geomagnetic indices since 1957		Daily	0.8 MB
substorm-onsets	253K+ magnetospheric substorm onsets from 5 detection algorithms (SuperMAG)		Quarterly	3 MB
swpc-alerts	Official NOAA space weather alerts, watches, and warnings		Daily	2 MB

Astronomy & Reference

A broad survey of the observable universe — from exoplanets in our galactic neighborhood to quasars at the edge of the cosmos. Covers confirmed exoplanets from NASA, gravitational wave detections from LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA, gamma-ray bursts, fast radio bursts from CHIME, pulsars, variable stars, galaxy clusters, and million-source radio and X-ray sky surveys. These datasets support multi-messenger astronomy, cross-matching across wavelengths, and large-scale statistical studies of astrophysical populations.

Dataset	Description	Last Updated	Schedule	Size
4xmm-dr14-xray-sources	630K+ unique X-ray sources from ESA XMM-Newton serendipitous survey (4XMM)	—	Static	~80 MB
aavso-vsx-variable-stars	1.5M+ variable stars from the AAVSO Variable Star Index (VSX) with types, periods, and magnitudes	—	Static	~100 MB
apogee-dr17	APOGEE DR17 stellar parameters and abundances from high-resolution infrared spectroscopy	—	Static	~50 MB
astronaut-database	Every person who has been to space — 560+ astronauts/cosmonauts		Monthly	<1 MB
astronomer-database	11K+ astronomers with affiliations, awards, and fields of work from Wikidata		Quarterly	<1 MB
black-hole-catalog	Known black hole systems and X-ray binaries from SIMBAD		Weekly	90 KB
bright-star-catalog	9,110 naked-eye stars from the Bright Star Catalogue (BSC5, 5th Revised Edition)	—	Static	~1 MB
brown-dwarf-catalog	14K ultracool and brown dwarfs within 40 pc	—	Static	10 MB
carbon-stars	6,000+ Galactic carbon stars from the General Catalogue of Cool Carbon Stars (GCCS)	—	Static	<1 MB
cataclysmic-variable-catalog	2,000+ cataclysmic variables — dwarf novae, polars, and classical novae		Quarterly	<1 MB
chandra-x-ray-sources	28K X-ray sources from the Chandra Source Catalog (CSC 2.1)	—	Static	1.8 MB
chime-frb-catalog	4,500+ fast radio bursts from the CHIME/FRB telescope		Semi-annual	5 MB
cns5-nearby-stars	Catalogue of Nearby Stars within 25 parsecs (CNS5) with astrometry and photometry	—	Static	<1 MB
constellation-catalog	94 IAU constellations with abbreviations, areas, and brightest stars from Wikidata		Quarterly	<1 MB
cosmic-void-catalog	1,000+ cosmic voids from SDSS DR7 (Pan et al. 2012)		Semi-annual	<1 MB
cosmicflows-galaxy-distances	56K galaxy distances from Cosmicflows-4 (8 distance methods)	—	Static	3.7 MB
desi-dr1-redshifts	1M+ spectroscopic redshifts from the DESI Data Release 1 Bright Galaxy Survey	—	Static	~100 MB
erosita-erass1-xray	900K X-ray sources from the first eROSITA All-Sky Survey (eRASS1)		Per release	500 MB
euve-observations	1,367 EUVE extreme-UV observations (1992–2001) — the only EUV space mission ever flown (70–760 Å)		Quarterly	<1 MB
fermi-4fgl-dr4	7K gamma-ray sources from Fermi LAT 14-year all-sky survey		Annual	50 MB
first-radio-catalog	946K radio sources from the VLA FIRST Survey at 1.4 GHz (5" resolution)	—	Static	113 MB
fuse-observations	5,729 FUSE far-UV spectra (1999–2007) — highest-resolution 905–1187 Å spectrograph ever flown		Quarterly	<1 MB
gaia-dr3-cepheids	Gaia DR3 Cepheid variable stars with pulsation periods, multi-band photometry, and parallaxes	—	Static	~10 MB
gaia-dr3-eclipsing-binaries	Gaia DR3 eclipsing binary candidates with orbital periods and light-curve parameters	—	Static	~20 MB
gaia-dr3-rrlyrae	272K RR Lyrae pulsating stars from Gaia DR3 — distance ladder	—	Static	50 MB
gaia-dr3-spectroscopic-binaries	180K+ spectroscopic binary star orbital solutions (SB1+SB2) from Gaia DR3	—	Static	~20 MB
gaia-dr3-white-dwarfs	359K white dwarf candidates with atmospheric parameters and masses from Gaia DR3	—	Static	~50 MB
gaia-dr3-young-stellar-objects	79K+ young stellar object (YSO) candidates with classification scores and variability from Gaia DR3	—	Static	~10 MB
galah-dr4-stellar-abundances	GALAH DR4 radial velocities, stellar parameters, and elemental abundances for 917K stars	—	Static	~80 MB
galex-observations	275K GALEX UV survey observations (2003–2013) tagged with survey type (AIS, MIS, DIS, NGS, etc.)		Quarterly	~6 MB
galaxy-clusters	1,650+ galaxy clusters detected by Planck via the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect		Quarterly	50 KB
galaxy-zoo-2-morphology	243K citizen-science galaxy morphology classifications with vote fractions and debiased probabilities	—	Static	~20 MB
gamma-ray-bursts	4,200+ gamma-ray bursts from Fermi GBM with duration, flux, and spectral data		Weekly	0.3 MB
gcvs-variable-stars	58K variable stars from the General Catalogue of Variable Stars		Quarterly	15 MB
geneva-copenhagen-stellar-survey	16,682 F and G dwarf stars in the solar neighbourhood with ages, metallicities, and kinematics	—	Static	~5 MB
globular-star-clusters	167 Milky Way globular clusters with masses, structural parameters, and metallicities	—	Static	<1 MB
gravitational-lenses	33K strong gravitational lenses from the lenscat community catalog	—	Static	0.9 MB
gravitational-wave-events	260+ black hole and neutron star mergers detected by LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA		Weekly	30 KB
grbweb-unified-grb-catalog	Unified GRB catalog from GRBweb combining Fermi, Swift, BATSE, BeppoSAX, and IPN detectors	—	Static	<1 MB
gswlc-galaxy-properties	659K galaxies with stellar masses, star formation rates, and dust attenuation from GALEX-SDSS-WISE	—	Static	~50 MB
hecate-nearby-galaxies	HECATE catalog of nearby galaxies within 200 Mpc with stellar masses, SFR, and morphology	—	Static	~10 MB
hipparcos-catalog	118K brightest stars with precise positions and parallaxes from ESA Hipparcos	—	Static	30 MB
hst-observations	2.6M+ Hubble Space Telescope observations (1990–present) — target, proposal, instrument, detector metadata from MAST		Weekly	~80 MB
icecube-neutrino-catalog	IceCube neutrino point sources from HEASARC	—	Static	<1 MB
icrf3-reference-frame	3,417 ICRF3 extragalactic radio sources — THE celestial reference frame	—	Static	2 MB
iue-observations	102K IUE UV spectra (1978–1996) — the longest-running UV space observatory, from SWP, LWP, LWR cameras		Quarterly	~2 MB
jwst-observations	960K+ JWST observations from MAST — proposal, target, instrument, timing, and wavelength metadata		Weekly	~150 MB
k2-observations	765K K2 extended-mission observations (2014–2018, campaigns C0–C19) with parsed EPIC ID, campaign, and cadence		Quarterly	~20 MB
kepler-eclipsing-binaries	2,177 Kepler eclipsing binary stars	—	Static	1 MB
kepler-observations	213K Kepler prime-mission observations (2009–2013) with KIC ID, cadence, and per-quarter observation mask		Quarterly	~5 MB
kepler-transit-timing	295K transit times for 2,599 KOIs with O-C residuals, durations, and depths (Holczer+ 2016)	—	Static	~5 MB
mcgill-magnetar-catalog	All known magnetars with spin parameters, magnetic field strengths, and X-ray properties	—	Static	<1 MB
messier-catalog	The classic Messier catalog — 110 galaxies, nebulae, and star clusters		Quarterly	10 KB
milliquas	Milliquas v8 — the Million Quasars Catalog with positions, redshifts, and radio/X-ray associations	—	Static	~100 MB
nasa-exoplanets	6,150 confirmed exoplanets with orbital, stellar, and discovery parameters		Weekly	0.5 MB
nebula-catalog	60K+ nebulae (emission, reflection, dark, planetary) with coordinates and distances from Wikidata		Quarterly	1.7 MB
ngc-ic-catalog	14K deep-sky objects — galaxies, nebulae, and star clusters (NGC + IC)		Monthly	0.5 MB
nvss-radio-catalog	1.77M radio sources from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey at 1.4 GHz	—	Static	150 MB
observatory-database	640+ ground and space observatories with locations, apertures, and wavelengths from Wikidata		Quarterly	<1 MB
open-star-clusters	7,167 Gaia-era open star clusters with distances and ages	—	Static	5 MB
open-supernova-catalog	72K supernovae with light curves, spectra references, and host galaxies		Weekly	10 MB
otter-tde-catalog	Tidal disruption events (TDEs) from the Open TDE Catalog — stars torn apart by black holes	—	Static	<1 MB
pantheon-plus-sne-ia	1,550 Type Ia supernovae — gold standard cosmological distance dataset	—	Static	10 MB
planck-cold-clumps	13K+ Galactic cold clumps — pre-stellar cores and star-forming regions from Planck	—	Static	<1 MB
planck-sz2-clusters	1,650+ galaxy clusters from Planck SZ2 catalog with mass and redshift		Semi-annual	<1 MB
planetary-nebulae	1,715 planetary nebulae from MUSE survey	—	Static	<1 MB
pulsar-catalog	4,300+ pulsars with spin period, dispersion measure, and magnetic field		Monthly	0.2 MB
pulsar-glitch-catalog	700+ pulsar glitch events from the Jodrell Bank Glitch Catalogue		Quarterly	<1 MB
quasar-catalog	50K quasars, Seyfert galaxies, blazars, and active galactic nuclei		Weekly	1.3 MB
rave-dr6	RAVE DR6 stellar radial velocities, parameters, and elemental abundances for 518K spectra	—	Static	~30 MB
rc3-galaxy-morphology	23K bright galaxies with Hubble morphological types from RC3	—	Static	10 MB
roma-bzcat-blazars	3,561 confirmed blazars (BL Lac + FSRQ) from Roma-BZCAT 5th edition	—	Static	<1 MB
solar-eclipse-catalog	12,000+ solar eclipses spanning 5 millennia (-1999 to +3000) from NASA	—	Static	<1 MB
stackexchange-space-qa	33K Q&A pairs from Astronomy + Space Exploration Stack Exchange sites — top-scored/accepted answers, CC-BY-SA 4.0		Annually	~50 MB
sumss-radio-catalog	211K southern radio sources at 843 MHz from SUMSS	—	Static	30 MB
supernova-remnants	310 Galactic supernova remnants with radio flux and spectral index		Quarterly	10 KB
tess-toi-candidates	7K+ TESS Objects of Interest — active exoplanet candidates		Weekly	5 MB
tgss-radio-catalog	624K radio sources at 150 MHz from GMRT TGSS ADR1	—	Static	80 MB
unified-radio-catalog	SPECFIND v3 unified radio source catalog cross-matching 50+ radio surveys	—	Static	~100 MB
vlass-radio-sources	3.4M radio sources from VLA Sky Survey Epoch 1 (VLASS) at 3 GHz	—	Static	681 MB
wds-double-stars	157K visual double star systems from the Washington Double Star Catalog		Weekly	50 MB
wise-hii-regions	8,000+ Galactic HII regions from WISE mid-infrared survey (Anderson+ 2014)		Quarterly	<1 MB
wolf-rayet-stars	383 Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars with Gaia DR2 distances and spectral types	—	Static	<1 MB
xray-binary-catalog	500+ high-mass and low-mass X-ray binaries (Liu et al. 2006/2007)		Quarterly	<1 MB

Physics

Fundamental particle properties and high-energy astrophysics catalogs. Includes the Particle Data Group's authoritative summary of every known particle, cosmic ray energy spectra from 131 experiments, ultra-high-energy events from the Pierre Auger Observatory, and gamma-ray source catalogs spanning MeV to PeV energies from Fermi, Swift, INTEGRAL, HAWC, and LHAASO. Essential for particle physics, astroparticle research, and multi-wavelength source identification.

Dataset	Description	Last Updated	Schedule	Size
auger-cosmic-rays	Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray events from Pierre Auger Observatory	—	Static	100 MB
crdb-cosmic-ray-spectra	316K cosmic ray measurements from 131 experiments		Quarterly	50 MB
fermi-3fhl-hard-gamma-ray	1,558 hard gamma-ray sources (>10 GeV) from Fermi LAT 3FHL	—	Static	0.6 MB
fermi-3pc-gamma-ray-pulsars	7K+ gamma-ray pulsars from Fermi LAT Third Pulsar Catalog (3PC)	—	Static	2.2 MB
fermi-4lac-agn-catalog	3,409 gamma-ray AGN from Fermi LAT Fourth AGN Catalog (4LAC)	—	Static	0.7 MB
fermi-gbm-triggers	12.5K+ Fermi GBM triggers — all triggers, not just confirmed GRBs		Daily	1.8 MB
hawc-tev-gamma-ray	65 TeV gamma-ray sources from the 3HWC HAWC catalog	—	Static	<1 MB
icecat-neutrino-alerts	High-energy neutrino alert events from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory (ICECAT-1)	—	Static	<1 MB
integral-ibis-hard-xray	929 hard X-ray sources from INTEGRAL IBIS 17-year survey (17-290 keV)	—	Static	0.3 MB
lhaaso-gamma-ray-sources	180 ultra-high-energy gamma-ray sources from 1LHAASO (2024)	—	Static	<1 MB
pdg-particle-properties	Every known particle from the Particle Data Group		Annual	50 MB
physics-nobel-laureates	229 Physics Nobel Prize laureates with institutions and cited work from Wikidata		Quarterly	<1 MB
swift-bat-hard-xray-survey	1,893 hard X-ray sources (14-195 keV) from Swift-BAT 157-month survey	—	Static	0.3 MB
tevcat-tev-gamma-ray	322 TeV gamma-ray sources — THE ground-based VHE reference catalog	—	Static	<1 MB

Collections on Hugging Face

• Orbital Mechanics — satellites, TLEs, launches, NEOs, asteroids, impact risk
• Space Probes & Missions — Voyager, Pioneer, Cassini, Mars Express, Rosetta, Curiosity, Perseverance, EVAs
• Planetary Science — lunar craters, Mars craters, Mars geochemistry, meteorites
• Space Weather — solar flares, CMEs, geomagnetic storms, solar wind, Kp/Ap/F10.7 indices
• Astronomy — exoplanets, pulsars, radio surveys, X-ray catalogs, variable stars, gravitational waves, galaxy morphology
• Physics — particle properties, cosmic ray spectra, hard X-ray surveys, gamma-ray catalogs (TeV/UHE)
• Solar System — planetary missions, craters (Moon/Mars/Ceres/Mercury), atmospheric profiles (Jupiter/Titan), named features
• Space Essentials — astronauts, space missions, meteorites, constellations, Nobel laureates. No jargon, just names, dates, and places

How it works

Each dataset has a Python script in scripts/ and a GitHub Actions workflow in .github/workflows/. The scripts fetch data from public sources, convert to Parquet, and upload to Hugging Face.

Pipelines use two update strategies:

• Full rebuild — re-fetches the entire dataset from source. Used when the source is a single file with no delta endpoint (SATCAT, Space Weather) or the dataset is small enough that incremental updates aren't worth the complexity.
• Incremental — downloads the existing Parquet from HF, fetches only new/recent data, merges and deduplicates, then uploads. Falls back to full rebuild automatically when no existing data is found. Used by Starlink, Constellation Census, DONKI (14-day window), Dst Index (current month only), Solar Flares (SWPC daily append), Solar Wind (7-day rolling window), and Kp Index.

Setup

The only secret needed is HF_TOKEN — a Hugging Face write token, set in the repo's GitHub Actions secrets.

Manual run

pip install pandas pyarrow requests huggingface_hub[hf_xet]

# Orbital Mechanics
python scripts/update-asterank.py
python scripts/update-bus-demeo.py
python scripts/update-comets.py
python scripts/update-constellation-census.py
python scripts/update-constellation-tles.py
python scripts/update-fireballs.py
python scripts/update-fragmentation-events.py
python scripts/update-gcat.py
python scripts/update-gcat-satcat.py
python scripts/update-ground-stations.py
python scripts/update-launch-cost.py
python scripts/update-launch-log.py
python scripts/update-launch-vehicles.py
python scripts/update-lcdb.py
python scripts/update-meteor-showers.py
python scripts/update-meteorite-landings.py
python scripts/update-mpc-comets.py
python scripts/update-neo.py
python scripts/update-neowise.py
python scripts/update-nesvorny-families.py
python scripts/update-nhats.py
python scripts/update-reentry-events.py
python scripts/update-satcat.py
python scripts/update-satnogs.py
python scripts/update-sbdb.py
python scripts/update-sdss-taxonomy.py
python scripts/update-sentry.py
python scripts/update-space-agencies.py
python scripts/update-space-missions.py
python scripts/update-spacecraft.py
python scripts/update-spacex-launches.py
python scripts/update-ssodnet.py
python scripts/update-starlink.py
SPACETRACK_USER=xxx SPACETRACK_PASS=xxx python scripts/update-tle-history.py
python scripts/update-tle-latest.py
python scripts/update-tno-centaur.py
python scripts/update-ucs.py  # requires: pip install openpyxl
python scripts/update-wmo-oscar.py

# Planetary Science
python scripts/update-ceres-craters.py
python scripts/update-impact-craters.py
python scripts/update-lunar-craters.py
python scripts/update-lunar-geochemistry.py
python scripts/update-mars-craters.py
python scripts/update-mercury-craters.py
python scripts/update-mercury-degradation.py
python scripts/update-meteorites.py
python scripts/update-planetary-nomenclature.py
python scripts/update-pluto-atmosphere.py
pip install beautifulsoup4 lxml && python scripts/update-solar-system-moons.py

# Space Weather
python scripts/update-ae-index.py
python scripts/update-celestrak-sw.py
python scripts/update-donki.py
python scripts/update-dst-index.py
python scripts/update-f107.py
python scripts/update-forbush-decreases.py
python scripts/update-iers-eop.py
python scripts/update-kp-index.py
python scripts/update-neutron-monitor.py
python scripts/update-omni.py
python scripts/update-solar-eclipses.py
pip install netCDF4 && python scripts/update-solar-flares.py
pip install beautifulsoup4 lxml && python scripts/update-solar-proton-events.py
python scripts/update-solar-radio.py
python scripts/update-solar-wind.py
python scripts/update-space-weather.py
python scripts/update-substorm-onsets.py
python scripts/update-sunspot.py
python scripts/update-swpc-alerts.py

# Space Probes & Missions
python scripts/update-artemis-ii.py
python scripts/update-astronauts.py
python scripts/update-bepicolombo.py
python scripts/update-cassini.py
python scripts/update-chemcam.py
python scripts/update-deep-space-probes.py
python scripts/update-eva.py
python scripts/update-exomars-tgo.py
python scripts/update-galileo-atmosphere.py
python scripts/update-gcat-deep-space.py
python scripts/update-huygens.py
python scripts/update-huygens-atmosphere.py
python scripts/update-insight-marsquakes.py
python scripts/update-isro.py
python scripts/update-juice.py
python scripts/update-mars-express.py
python scripts/update-mars-rovers.py
python scripts/update-maven.py
python scripts/update-meda-weather.py
python scripts/update-pds-missions.py
python scripts/update-rosetta.py
python scripts/update-venus-express.py

# Astronomy
python scripts/update-4xmm-dr14.py
python scripts/update-aavso-vsx.py
python scripts/update-apogee-dr17.py
python scripts/update-astronomers.py
python scripts/update-black-holes.py
python scripts/update-bright-stars.py
python scripts/update-brown-dwarfs.py
python scripts/update-carbon-stars.py
python scripts/update-cataclysmic-variables.py
python scripts/update-chandra.py
python scripts/update-chime-frb.py
python scripts/update-cns5.py
python scripts/update-constellations.py
python scripts/update-cosmic-voids.py
python scripts/update-cosmicflows.py
python scripts/update-desi.py
python scripts/update-erosita.py
python scripts/update-euve.py
python scripts/update-exoplanets.py
pip install astropy && python scripts/update-fermi-4fgl.py
python scripts/update-first.py
python scripts/update-fuse.py
python scripts/update-gaia-cepheids.py
python scripts/update-gaia-eb.py
python scripts/update-gaia-rrlyrae.py
python scripts/update-gaia-sb.py
python scripts/update-gaia-wd.py
python scripts/update-gaia-yso.py
pip install astropy && python scripts/update-galah.py
python scripts/update-galex.py
python scripts/update-galaxy-clusters.py
python scripts/update-galaxy-zoo.py
python scripts/update-gcvs.py
python scripts/update-geneva-copenhagen.py
python scripts/update-globular-clusters.py
python scripts/update-gravitational-lenses.py
python scripts/update-gravitational-waves.py
python scripts/update-grb.py
python scripts/update-grbweb.py
python scripts/update-gswlc.py
python scripts/update-hecate.py
python scripts/update-hst.py
python scripts/update-hii-regions.py
python scripts/update-hipparcos.py
python scripts/update-icecube.py
python scripts/update-icrf3.py
python scripts/update-iue.py
python scripts/update-jwst.py
python scripts/update-k2-obs.py
python scripts/update-kepler-eb.py
python scripts/update-kepler-obs.py
python scripts/update-kepler-ttv.py
python scripts/update-magnetars.py
python scripts/update-messier.py
python scripts/update-milliquas.py
python scripts/update-nebulae.py
python scripts/update-ngc-ic.py
python scripts/update-nvss.py
python scripts/update-observatories.py
python scripts/update-open-clusters.py
python scripts/update-otter-tde.py
python scripts/update-pantheon.py
python scripts/update-planck-pgcc.py
python scripts/update-planck-sz2.py
python scripts/update-planetary-nebulae.py
pip install beautifulsoup4 lxml && python scripts/update-pulsar-glitches.py
python scripts/update-pulsars.py
python scripts/update-quasars.py
python scripts/update-rave-dr6.py
python scripts/update-rc3.py
python scripts/update-roma-bzcat.py
python scripts/update-snr.py
python scripts/update-stackexchange-space.py
python scripts/update-sumss.py
python scripts/update-supernovae.py
python scripts/update-tess-toi.py
python scripts/update-tgss.py
python scripts/update-unified-radio.py
python scripts/update-vlass.py
python scripts/update-wds.py
python scripts/update-wolf-rayet.py
python scripts/update-xray-binaries.py

# Physics
python scripts/update-auger.py
pip install crdb && python scripts/update-crdb.py
python scripts/update-fermi-3fhl.py
python scripts/update-fermi-3pc.py
python scripts/update-fermi-4lac.py
python scripts/update-fermi-gbm-triggers.py
python scripts/update-hawc.py
python scripts/update-icecat.py
python scripts/update-integral-ibis.py
python scripts/update-lhaaso.py
pip install particle && python scripts/update-pdg.py
python scripts/update-physics-nobel.py
python scripts/update-swift-bat.py
python scripts/update-tevcat.py

Bulk ingestion

build-tle-archive.py builds historical TLE data from Space-Track yearly bulk zip exports (1959–2025). Daily updates for the current year are automated via update-tle-history.py (fetches yesterday's GP history, appends to tle_{year}.parquet). Requires SPACETRACK_USER and SPACETRACK_PASS secrets.

backfill-tle-history.py and backfill-starlink-snapshots.py are one-time scripts for filling gaps from Space-Track GP history. Not needed for ongoing operation.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I load these datasets in Python?

All datasets are on Hugging Face. Load any dataset in one line:

from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("juliensimon/<name>")

No API keys needed. Works with pandas, polars, DuckDB, and any Parquet-compatible tool.

What format are the datasets?

Apache Parquet with zstd compression. Files range from a few KB to several GB.

How often are datasets updated?

~50 datasets update daily, ~20 weekly, the rest are static snapshots. Each dataset page shows its schedule.

Can I use these datasets commercially?

Yes. Code is MIT-licensed. Datasets are CC-BY-4.0 (with rare exceptions noted per dataset).

How do I cite these datasets?

Each dataset page has a BibTeX citation block. See the Citation section below for citing the collection.

Citation

If you use these datasets, please cite:

@dataset{space_datasets,
  author = {Simon, Julien},
  title = {Space Datasets: Automated Space Data Pipelines for Hugging Face},
  year = {2026},
  publisher = {Hugging Face},
  url = {https://github.com/juliensimon/space-datasets}
}

Data sources

These datasets are built from the following public sources — please cite them as appropriate:

Domain	Original source
Orbital Mechanics	CelesTrak (Dr. T.S. Kelso), Space-Track.org, GCAT (Jonathan McDowell), Starlink Insider, NASA/JPL CNEOS, NASA/JPL SSD, NASA NHATS, SatNOGS (Libre Space Foundation), UCS, IAU MDC, WMO OSCAR
Space Probes	NASA SPDF COHOWeb (Voyager, Pioneer), PDS Atmospheres (Cassini, MEDA), PDS Geosciences (ChemCam), ESA PSA (Mars Express, Rosetta, Venus Express), ISRO
Planetary Science	USGS Astrogeology (Robbins crater databases), Meteoritical Society (via NASA data.gov)
Space Weather	NOAA SWPC, WDC Kyoto, NASA CCMC DONKI, NOAA NCEI GOES-16 XRS, SILSO (Royal Observatory of Belgium), LASP LISIRD (F10.7), IERS
Astronomy	NASA Exoplanet Archive, NASA HEASARC (Fermi, Chandra, Swift), GWOSC (LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA), ATNF Pulsar Catalogue, OpenNGC, Green's SNR Catalog, SIMBAD (CDS Strasbourg), VizieR (CDS Strasbourg — VLASS, Cosmicflows-4, INTEGRAL, LHAASO, HAWC), Fermi LAT, CHIME/FRB, eROSITA, Pantheon+, lenscat
Physics	Particle Data Group (PDG), CRDB (Cosmic Ray DataBase), Pierre Auger Observatory (via Zenodo), IceCube (via HEASARC), Swift/BAT (NASA), INTEGRAL IBIS (ESA), TeVCat (via HEASARC), LHAASO (via VizieR), HAWC (via VizieR)

License

Pipeline code: MIT. Datasets: CC-BY-4.0.