CONV-293: Add API domain exception mapping

[menvil]

Summary

• Adds ApiExceptionMapper mapping domain exceptions to stable API error codes
• Adds MappedApiError DTO carrying code/message/status/details
• Wires mapper into bootstrap/app.php exception renderer for api/* requests
• Domain exceptions never leak raw messages; web UI rendering is unaffected

Test plan

• Unit tests for all 9 mapped exception types
• Feature tests verify mapping fires on real API routes (402/422/413/429)
• composer test passes (535 tests)
• composer lint passes

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

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Summary by cubic

Standardizes API error responses by mapping domain exceptions to stable error codes and HTTP statuses for api/* routes. Supports CONV-293 and keeps the web UI behavior unchanged.

• New Features
  • Added ApiExceptionMapper covering 9 domain and framework exceptions (e.g., unsupported format, invalid options, rate limit).
  • Introduced MappedApiError DTO (code, message, status, details).
  • Wired mapping into bootstrap/app.php to return JSON { error: { code, message, details } } with correct status.
  • Added unit and feature tests to verify mappings (e.g., 402/413/422/429).

^{Written for commit edfabc2. Summary will update on new commits.}

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✨ Finishing Touches

🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)

• Create PR with unit tests
• Commit unit tests in branch feature/CONV-293-add-api-domain-exception-mapping

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