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Accept exec-server JSON-RPC batch frames#29074

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Accept exec-server JSON-RPC batch frames#29074
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@jif-oai jif-oai commented Jun 19, 2026

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Summary

Adds JSON-RPC batch-frame support to exec-server, plus the smallest client path needed to actually send one.

The server side stays simple: a client may send a JSON array of JSON-RPC requests, and exec-server dispatches each request through the existing router sequentially. There is no read-only queue, no FileSystemOperation enum, and no concurrent server-side execution model.

What changed

  • Exec-server transports can read and write either one JSON-RPC message or a JSON-RPC message array.
  • RpcClient / ExecServerClient can send a Vec of (method, params) as one JSON-RPC batch frame and match responses back by request id.
  • ExecutorFileSystem has a tiny generic batch hook so filesystem-abstracted callers can use the frame when the filesystem is remote.
  • Remote filesystems forward that request list over the exec-server connection; local/default filesystems report unsupported so callers can fall back to scalar calls.

Benchmarks

Fresh local benchmark on the current implementation. Times are p50 milliseconds from 5 samples after 1 warmup. The server dispatches batch entries sequentially in this PR, so this measures frame/request-list overhead, not server-side parallelism.

Scenario Old sequential scalar Same-connection scalar JSON-RPC batch frame
100× fs/getMetadata on 4 KiB files 122.7 21.3 23.9
500× fs/getMetadata on 4 KiB files 384.6 201.4 159.4
100× fs/canonicalize 95.0 26.4 24.0
100× fs/readFile 4 KiB 185.5 81.5 119.1
50× fs/readFile 64 KiB 604.0 483.4 371.7
10× fs/readFile 1 MiB 1317.3 936.1 1176.0
20× fs/readDirectory, 100 entries each 165.9 210.6 434.3

Takeaway: the batch frame clearly avoids the old sequential-request shape for many small requests, but it does not make a fundamental server-side concurrency claim. Same-connection scalar requests remain competitive because the current server still executes one request at a time.

Benchmark command:

  • just test -p codex-exec-server benchmark_current_rpc_batching --run-ignored ignored-only --no-capture

Local checks

  • just test -p codex-exec-server json_rpc_batch_dispatches_generic_requests rpc_client_batch_sends_one_json_rpc_array
  • just bazel-lock-update
  • just bazel-lock-check

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💡 Codex Review

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Comment thread codex-rs/exec-server/src/server/processor.rs Outdated
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💡 Codex Review

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Comment thread codex-rs/exec-server/src/remote_file_system.rs Outdated
Comment thread codex-rs/file-system/src/lib.rs Outdated
@jif-oai jif-oai changed the title Add exec-server RPC batching Add read-only filesystem batch execution Jun 19, 2026
@jif-oai jif-oai changed the title Add read-only filesystem batch execution Add generic exec-server RPC batching Jun 21, 2026
@jif-oai jif-oai changed the title Add generic exec-server RPC batching Accept exec-server JSON-RPC batch frames Jun 21, 2026
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Comment on lines +451 to +453
if self
.write_tx
.send(JsonRpcWireMessage::Batch(requests))

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P1 Badge Preserve fallback when batching against older exec-server

When a current client resumes or connects to an exec-server from before batch support, this sends a JSON array that the old server parses as malformed and answers with an invalid-request error using id -1; because that id was never inserted into pending, the client ignores it and the receivers created for this batch never complete, so the new batch path hangs instead of failing or falling back to scalar calls. Please negotiate support or surface the batch-level error as unsupported/closed before using the array frame.

AGENTS.md reference: AGENTS.md:L103-L110

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Comment on lines +267 to +269
/// Sends JSON-RPC requests as one batch frame when this filesystem is backed by an exec-server
/// connection.
fn execute_rpc_batch<'a>(

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P2 Badge Split filesystem batch plumbing into a follow-up

This API hook pulls the filesystem abstraction and remote filesystem plumbing into the same non-mechanical batch-frame change, bringing the commit to 598 changed lines across transport framing, request-id correlation, server dispatch, and filesystem layers. The server/transport batch acceptance plus its tests can land as the smallest coherent first stage, with this ExecutorFileSystem/remote caller path as a follow-up to keep the complex review under the 500-line staging target.

AGENTS.md reference: AGENTS.md:L127-L131

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Comment on lines +224 to +225
if let Some(response) = response {
responses.push(response);

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P2 Badge Keep request_with_id responses inside batch replies

When a batch includes http/request, the route registered with request_with_id returns None after ExecServerHandler::http_request sends the response through RpcNotificationSender::response, so this loop omits that id from the accumulated batch and the outbound task emits the response as a separate single-message frame, followed by a batch that lacks it. Generic batch clients will see a response shape that does not correspond to the request array; either exclude these routes from batching or make batch dispatch collect the response for the array frame.

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@jif-oai jif-oai closed this Jun 21, 2026
jif-oai added a commit that referenced this pull request Jun 21, 2026
## Summary

This switches skill discovery to the simpler same-connection scalar
request shape.

After reading a skills directory, discovery now starts the existing
`fs/getMetadata` calls for all visible entries in that directory before
awaiting the results. There is no JSON-RPC batch frame and no new
filesystem API; remote filesystems use the existing request-id
multiplexing on the same exec-server connection.

This is the scoped alternative to the batch-frame approach in #29074 /
#29075.

## What changed

- Collect visible directory entries before processing them.
- Run their existing `fs.get_metadata(...)` calls with `join_all`.
- Process the results in the original directory order, so skill
discovery behavior stays the same.

## Benchmarks

Fresh local benchmark against generated skill trees over a real
exec-server remote filesystem. The benchmark calls the actual
`load_skills_from_roots` path, so this includes directory reads,
metadata stats, `SKILL.md` reads, and parsing.

Times are p50 milliseconds from 5 samples after 1 warmup, using warmed
runs.

| Scenario | Legacy `main` | Batch frame stack (#29074 / #29075) |
Same-connection scalar stack |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| 100 flat skills | 377.4 | 389.0 | 378.6 |
| 500 flat skills | 1983.2 | 1856.6 | 1757.5 |

Takeaway: for the actual skill discovery path, same-connection scalar is
tied with legacy at 100 skills and best at 500 skills. The batch-frame
stack does not show enough win here to justify the extra protocol/API
surface.

Benchmark command:

- `just test -p codex-exec-server benchmark_remote_skill_discovery
--run-ignored ignored-only --no-capture`

Checked locally with:

- `just test -p codex-core-skills`
- `just bazel-lock-update`
- `just bazel-lock-check`
unemployabot Bot added a commit to wallentx/codex-termux that referenced this pull request Jun 26, 2026
#265)

* Emit Trusted MCP App Identity on Tool-Call Items (#27132)

## Summary

- Add optional `appContext` to app-server MCP tool-call items with
trusted `connectorId`, `linkId`, and `mcpAppResourceUri` metadata.
- Preserve that context across tool-call events, persisted history,
reconnects, and thread resume.
- Keep the deprecated top-level `mcpAppResourceUri` temporarily for
client migration.

The consumer contract is `{ appContext: { connectorId, linkId,
mcpAppResourceUri }, tool }`.

## Validation

- Full GitHub Actions suite passes, including CLA, Bazel tests, clippy,
release builds, and argument-comment lint.

---------

Co-authored-by: martinauyeung-oai <280153141+martinauyeung-oai@users.noreply.github.com>

* feat: opt ChatGPT auth into agent identity (#19049)

## Stack

This is PR 2 of the simplified HAI single-run-task stack:

- [#19047](https://github.com/openai/codex/pull/19047) Agent Identity
assertion and task-registration primitives, including the shared
run-task helper used by existing Agent Identity JWT auth.
- [#19049](https://github.com/openai/codex/pull/19049)
Disabled-by-default ChatGPT auth opt-in that provisions/reuses persisted
Agent Identity runtime auth and its single run task.
- [#19051](https://github.com/openai/codex/pull/19051) Run-scoped
provider auth that uses one backend-owned task id for first-party
inference and compaction requests.

[#19054](https://github.com/openai/codex/pull/19054) collapsed out of
the active stack because the simplified design no longer needs a
separate background/control-plane task helper.

## Summary

This PR adds the disabled-by-default path for normal ChatGPT-login Codex
sessions to obtain Agent Identity runtime auth through the Codex
backend. Existing Agent Identity JWT startup mode remains a separate
path and does not require the feature flag.

What changed:

- adds the experimental `use_agent_identity` feature flag and config
schema entry
- adds an explicit `AgentIdentityAuthPolicy` so call sites choose
`JwtOnly` or `ChatGptAuth` instead of passing a bare boolean
- stores standalone Agent Identity JWT credentials separately from
backend-registered Agent Identity records
- persists the registered Agent Identity record, private key, and single
run task id in `auth.json` so process restarts reuse the same identity
- derives the agent/task registration base URL from ChatGPT/Codex auth
config while keeping JWT JWKS lookup separate
- provisions and caches ChatGPT-derived Agent Identity runtime auth when
`use_agent_identity` is enabled
- reuses the shared run-task registration helper from PR1 rather than
adding a second task-registration path

This PR intentionally does not switch model inference over to
`AgentAssertion` auth. The provider-auth integration lands in the next
PR.

## Testing

- `just test -p codex-login`

* [connectors] Ignore synthetic links for app accessibility (#28770)

Summary
- Stop treating Codex Apps MCP tools with
`_meta._codex_apps.synthetic_link: true` as evidence that a connector is
accessible in `app/list`.
- Preserve synthetic tools in the agent-facing MCP connector set so they
remain available for install/auth flows.
- Keep the app-list accessibility cache limited to connectors backed by
at least one non-synthetic tool.
- Add focused regression coverage for both sides of the boundary.

Validation
- `just fmt`
- `just test -p codex-core
synthetic_links_are_exposed_to_the_agent_but_not_accessible_in_app_list`
- `git diff --check`
- A crate-wide `just test -p codex-core` run completed with 2,699
passing and 51 unrelated local sandbox/state failures, primarily state
DB migration races (`UNIQUE constraint failed:
_sqlx_migrations.version`).

* [codex] Preserve remote plugin download status errors (#28863)

## Summary

- preserve the original HTTP status when a remote plugin bundle download
returns a non-success response
- retain at most 8 KiB of the error response body and annotate
truncation or body-read failures
- add regression coverage for an oversized error response

## Root cause

The non-success response path reused the normal size-limited body
reader. When an error response exceeded 8 KiB, that reader returned
`DownloadTooLarge` before the code constructed `DownloadStatus`, masking
the upstream HTTP status and response context.

## Impact

Remote plugin installation failures now retain the actionable upstream
HTTP status without allowing unbounded error bodies into logs.

## Validation

- `just test -p codex-app-server
plugin_install_preserves_status_when_remote_bundle_error_body_is_too_large`
- `just fmt`
- `git diff --check`

* core: load AGENTS.md from foreign environments (#28958)

## Why

Make it possible to load AGENTS.md from remote exec-servers whose OS is
different than app-server.

## What

- keep `AGENTS.md` discovery and provenance as `PathUri`, with
root-aware parent and ancestor traversal
- expose lifecycle instruction sources as legacy app-server path strings
in events while retaining `PathUri` internally
- preserve and test mixed POSIX and Windows paths in model context and
TUI status output
- cover remote Windows loading end to end by seeding the Wine prefix
through host filesystem APIs
- fix bug in `PathUri`'s parent() implementation that would erase
Windows drive letters

* [codex] Support marketplace plugin manifest fallback (#28789)

## Summary

Support marketplace plugins whose source directory does not include a
discoverable plugin manifest. Metadata-rich `marketplace.json` entries
now act as fallback plugin manifests for listing, local detail reads,
install, and non-curated cache refresh.

The fallback preserves marketplace-entry plugin fields wholesale, then
adds the small Codex-facing compatibility bridge for presentation
metadata. A real source `plugin.json` always wins when present.

## Details

- Capture flattened marketplace-entry fields into
`MarketplacePluginManifestFallback`, preserving fields such as
`version`, `description`, `skills`, `mcpServers`, `apps`, `hooks`,
`agents`, `commands`, `strict`, `author`, and future manifest fields
without a per-field translation list.
- Bridge Claude-style top-level `displayName`, `author.name`,
`homepage`, and marketplace `category` into Codex's nested `interface`
fields only when the nested values are absent.
- Treat fallback metadata as installable only when the marketplace entry
contributes metadata beyond bare `name` and `source`; existing
missing-manifest behavior remains for metadata-free entries.
- Read local plugin details from the already parsed fallback manifest,
including fallback-declared app and MCP paths, instead of rereading only
an on-disk manifest.
- Pass fallback contents into `PluginStore`, which validates them and
injects `.codex-plugin/plugin.json` into Store's existing atomic copy.
Local marketplace source directories are never mutated, and the fallback
path no longer needs an additional staging directory.
- Keep Git source materialization unchanged; Git clones still use the
existing marketplace source staging area before Store installation.

* [codex] Remove child AGENTS.md prompt experiment (#28993)

## Why

`child_agents_md` is a disabled, under-development experiment that adds
a second model-visible explanation of hierarchical `AGENTS.md` behavior.
Keeping it leaves unused prompt, configuration, documentation, and test
surface.

## What changed

- remove the `ChildAgentsMd` feature and `child_agents_md` config schema
entry
- remove the hierarchical prompt asset, export, and instruction
injection
- remove feature-specific tests and documentation
- keep the generic unstable-feature warning coverage using
`apply_patch_streaming_events`

Normal project `AGENTS.md` discovery and composition are unchanged.

## Testing

- `just test -p codex-features`
- `just test -p codex-prompts`
- `just test -p codex-core agents_md`
- `just test -p codex-core unstable_features_warning`

* core: log AGENTS.md paths as URIs (#28989)

## Why

No need to do path contortions when it's for our own logs.

## What

Follow up on a previous PR's nit and update the path-types skill for
future reference.

* core: keep remote exec on reported shell (#28983)

## Why

We need to avoid resolving shells on the app-server's host for remote
environments. We might make it possible to do fancier shell resolution
from remote envs but for now just require the model to produce a shell
that matches the environment's default.

This gets my e2e demo working for shell commands after #28854 moved
shell resolution to PathUri and caused remote envs to hit the fallback
shell when the shell wasn't available on the host.

## What

Remote `exec_command` calls now accept only the environment's reported
default shell name or exact path, and execute with that reported path.
Other explicit shells return a concise error. A Wine-backed integration
test covers explicit PowerShell execution in the Windows cwd.

* [codex] Reuse parsed plugin skills during session startup (#28844)

## Summary

- Preserve raw plugin skill-root snapshots in the matching loaded-plugin
cache entry, keyed by the effective plugin root identity including
namespace.
- Pass those snapshots through `SkillsLoadInput` as an optional preload,
so session startup reuses plugin parsing while ordinary skill loads pass
`None`.
- Keep plugin skill loading cohesive: the existing loaders accept the
optional snapshots directly, and uncached or marketplace-detail paths do
not create a cache.

## Why

Plugin discovery already parses plugin skills to determine available
capabilities. Cold session startup then scanned and parsed the same
roots again while building the skills snapshot.

This solves the same duplicate-work problem as #28623 while keeping
ownership narrow: `PluginsManager` creates and owns
`PluginSkillSnapshots` only for its loaded-plugin cache entry;
`SkillsService` consumes an optional clone. Entry replacement or
clearing naturally drops the snapshots, with no separate generation,
capacity policy, or watcher coupling.

## Validation

- `cargo clippy -p codex-core-skills --all-targets -- -D warnings`
- `just test -p codex-core-plugins
skills_service_reuses_skills_parsed_during_plugin_load`
- `just test -p codex-core-skills
namespaces_plugin_skills_using_provided_namespace`
- `just fmt`

* core: add UUIDv7 context window IDs (#28953)

## Why

The token-budget context currently identifies a context window by its
thread-local sequence number. A UUIDv7 gives the model a stable opaque
identity that remains fixed for a window and rotates when compaction or
`new_context` starts the next one.

## What changed

- Preserve the existing monotonic value as `window_number` and add a
UUIDv7 `window_id` to `CompactedItem`.
- Generate and rotate the UUID with auto-compaction window state,
persist it alongside the number, and reconstruct it on resume and
rollback.
- Accept legacy compacted rollout records where the numeric `window_id`
represented the window number.
- Use the UUID only in token-budget context; existing request headers
and metadata continue using `thread_id:window_number`.

## Testing

- `just test -p codex-protocol compacted_item::tests`
- `just test -p codex-core token_budget`

* [plugins] Refresh plugin and tool caches after remote install (#28951)

Summary
- Refresh the installed remote-plugin snapshot and Codex Apps tools
after completing a remote JIT install.
- Gate `completed: true` on every expected `app_connector_id` appearing
after the uncached `tools/list` refresh, while continuing to skip local
bundle verification for server-side installs.
- Keep the cached recommendations response and filter refreshed
installed remote IDs locally, so this does not add another
recommendations fetch.
- Add regression coverage for tools appearing after the hard refresh and
remaining absent after the refresh. The resumed model request sees the
refreshed tool router when installation completes.

Root Cause
- Remote suggestions from `openai-curated-remote` returned `true` before
taking the existing connector refresh path, leaving the resumed turn
with the pre-install Apps tool catalog.

Validation
- `just test -p codex-core request_plugin_install`
- `just test -p codex-core-plugins
recommended_plugin_candidates_filter_installed_and_disabled_plugins`
- `just test -p codex-core-plugins`
- `just fix -p codex-core-plugins`
- `just fix -p codex-core`
- `just fmt`
- `just test -p codex-core` was not fully clean locally: 2,729 passed,
26 failed, and 16 skipped. The failures were dominated by local
Seatbelt/network/timing issues, including plugin-install timeouts under
full-suite contention; the focused plugin-install runs pass.

* Always use AVAS for realtime WebRTC calls (#28856)

## Summary

- Remove the realtime `architecture` selector from core protocol,
app-server protocol, config parsing, generated schemas, and callers.
- Always create WebRTC realtime calls with the AVAS query params:
`intent=quicksilver&architecture=avas`.
- Keep direct websocket realtime behavior on the existing config/default
path, while WebRTC starts without an explicit version now default to
realtime v1 because AVAS requires v1.

## Notes

- WebRTC realtime now means AVAS. If a caller explicitly asks to start
WebRTC with realtime v2, Codex rejects that request because the AVAS
WebRTC path only supports realtime v1. Websocket realtime is separate
and can still use realtime v2.
- The old `[realtime] architecture = "realtimeapi" | "avas"` config knob
is removed. Local configs that still set it will need to delete that
line.
- Some app-server tests that were only trying to exercise realtime v2
protocol behavior now use websocket transport, because WebRTC is
intentionally locked to AVAS/v1. Separate WebRTC tests cover the AVAS
query params, v1 startup, SDP flow, and sideband join.

## Validation

- Merged fresh `origin/main` at `83e6a786a2`.
- `just fmt`
- `just write-config-schema`
- `just write-app-server-schema`
- `git diff --check`
- `just test -p codex-api -p codex-core -p codex-app-server-protocol -p
codex-app-server realtime` (176 passed)
- `just test -p codex-protocol -p codex-config` (413 passed)

* [codex] Assign response item IDs when recording history (#28814)

## Why

Client-created response items enter history without IDs, so their
identity is lost across rollout persistence and resume. IDs should be
assigned once at the history-recording boundary, while IDs returned by
the server must remain unchanged.

The Responses API validates item IDs using type-specific prefixes.
Locally generated IDs therefore use the matching prefix plus a
hyphenated UUIDv7, keeping them valid while distinguishable from
server-generated IDs. Because this changes persisted history and
provider request shapes, the behavior is opt-in behind the
under-development `item_ids` feature. Compaction triggers remain request
controls whose API shape does not accept an ID.

## What changed

- Register the disabled-by-default `item_ids` feature and expose it in
`config.schema.json`.
- Make supported optional `ResponseItem` IDs serializable and expose
them in the generated app-server schemas.
- When `item_ids` is enabled, assign an ID during conversation-history
preparation if an item has no ID.
- Generate type-prefixed, hyphenated UUIDv7 IDs using the Responses API
item conventions.
- Preserve existing server IDs without rewriting them.
- Persist assigned IDs in rollouts and include them in subsequent
Responses requests.
- Remove the unsupported ID field from `CompactionTrigger` and document
why it has no ID.
- Add integration coverage for enabled ID persistence, preservation of
server IDs, and omission of generated IDs while the feature is disabled.

`prepare_conversation_items_for_history` is the single response-item ID
allocation boundary.

## Test plan

- `just test -p codex-features`
- `just test -p codex-core
response_item_ids_persist_across_resume_and_preserve_server_ids`
- `just test -p codex-core
non_openai_responses_requests_omit_item_turn_metadata`
- `just test -p codex-core
resize_all_images_prepares_failures_before_history_insertion`
- `just test -p codex-protocol`
- `just test -p codex-app-server-protocol`
- `just test -p codex-api azure_default_store_attaches_ids_and_headers`

* [codex] Skip curated repo sync for remote plugins (#29005)

## Summary

- skip the legacy `openai-curated` startup repository sync when remote
plugins are enabled and the current auth uses the Codex backend
- keep the curated sync for API-key, Bedrock, and unauthenticated
sessions that fall back to the local marketplace
- preserve configured marketplace upgrades and all remote plugin startup
warmups

## Why

The remote catalog owns plugin discovery and materialization only when
it is usable for the current auth mode. Starting the legacy curated
repository sync in that case performs an unnecessary Git/HTTP/archive
download and cache refresh. API-key and Bedrock sessions still require
the local curated marketplace, so they must continue syncing it.

## User impact

Codex startup no longer downloads or refreshes the local
`openai-curated` snapshot when the remote catalog is active. Behavior is
unchanged for auth modes that use the local curated marketplace.

## Validation

- `just fmt`
- `git diff --check`

Rust tests were not run per the repository's local verification policy
for this narrow conditional change.

* [codex] add clock current-time tool (#29011)

## Summary
- expose `clock.curr_time` when current-time reminders are enabled
- query the session's configured time provider with the calling thread
id
- return the existing UTC reminder text for direct model calls
- return `{ "current_time": "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS UTC" }` in Code Mode

Clock lookup failures remain fatal, matching pre-inference reminder
behavior.

## Testing
- `just test -p codex-core current_time_tool_returns_the_latest_time`
- `just test -p codex-core
code_mode_current_time_returns_structured_result`
- `just fix -p codex-core`

* core: assign item IDs to compacted replacement history (#29012)

## Why

Remote v2 compaction can return replacement-history items without IDs.
Because replacement history is installed directly, those items bypass
normal history preparation and remain ID-less in later Responses
requests even when the `item_ids` feature is enabled.

## What changed

- Pass the active `TurnContext` into `replace_compacted_history`.
- When `item_ids` is enabled, assign missing IDs before installing and
persisting replacement history.
- Rebuild `CompactedItem` from the prepared history so live and
persisted replacement histories match.
- Add integration coverage requiring IDs on every ID-capable input item
in the initial, remote v2 compaction, and post-compaction requests.

## Test plan

- `just test -p codex-core response_item_ids`
- `just test -p codex-core websocket_v2_test_codex_shell_chain`
- `just test -p codex-core remote_compaction_parity_pre_turn_auto`
- `just test -p codex-app-server
thread_inject_items_adds_raw_response_items_to_thread_history`

* [codex] Support protected resource OAuth discovery (#29022)

## Why

Plugin-install preflight and the actual OAuth login flow used different
discovery implementations. Preflight had a Codex-specific implementation
that only queried authorization-server metadata on the MCP host, while
login already used the upstream `rmcp` Rust MCP SDK. As a result,
servers that advertise a separate authorization server through RFC 9728
Protected Resource Metadata were classified as OAuth-unsupported during
plugin installation, so login was skipped.

## What changed

- delegate plugin-install OAuth discovery to
`rmcp::transport::AuthorizationManager`, the same implementation used by
the login flow
- let `rmcp` follow Protected Resource Metadata first and perform direct
RFC 8414 authorization-server discovery when protected-resource
discovery does not yield usable metadata
- retain Codex's existing HTTP headers, timeout, `no_proxy` behavior,
and scope normalization around that discovery
- add unit coverage and a pure-MCP plugin-install integration test that
proves the protected-resource path reaches OAuth client registration

This only changes shared MCP OAuth discovery. App declarations and
`appsNeedingAuth` behavior are unchanged.

## Verification

- `just test -p codex-rmcp-client auth_status`
- `just test -p codex-app-server plugin_install_starts_mcp_oauth`
- real plugin-install smoke test with an isolated `CODEX_HOME`: both
DigitalOcean MCP servers started OAuth callback listeners, while Linear
continued to start its existing direct-discovery OAuth flow

* [1/3] core: add remote environment connection lifecycle (#28674)

## Why

Remote environments can be registered before their exec-server is first
used. Starting the connection at registration time uses that startup
window, while sharing one startup result prevents background work and
capability calls from opening competing connections.

Keep initial startup simple: each environment makes one connection
attempt using its configured transport timeout. A failed initial attempt
is final for that environment, while an environment that disconnects
after connecting can still recover on a later operation.

## What changed

- Start URL and Noise environments in the background when they are added
to `EnvironmentManager`. Provider snapshots are fully validated before
connection work begins.
- Share one initial connection attempt and its saved result across
metadata, process, filesystem, and HTTP callers.
- Keep configured stdio environments lazy until first use so
registration does not launch a process.
- Tie background startup work to the environment lifetime so replacing
or dropping an environment cancels unfinished work.
- After an established client disconnects, share one fresh connection
attempt across concurrent callers. A failed attempt fails the current
operation without permanently preventing a later attempt.
- Store the shared lazy client directly on `Environment` and expose
small methods for starting, observing, and awaiting startup.

## Test plan

- `just test -p codex-exec-server`
- `just test -p codex-app-server
turn_start_resolves_sticky_thread_local_environment_and_turn_overrides`

* [2/3] core: track starting environments in snapshots (#28683)

## Why

Remote environments may still be resolving when Codex creates a session
or turn. Waiting for the existing all-or-nothing environment snapshot
can hold startup until the selected environment is usable.

Behind the default-off `deferred_executor` feature, let callers take a
useful snapshot immediately: completed environments remain available
normally, while unfinished environments are reported without blocking
startup. With the feature disabled, snapshots preserve the existing
blocking behavior.

Depends on #28674.

## What changed

- Store one ordered list of selected environments in
`ThreadEnvironments`. Each selection owns one shared resolution that
produces its complete `TurnEnvironment`.
- Start new resolutions in the background with `remote_handle()`,
allowing snapshots and the future wait tool to share the same result
while cancellation follows the retained handles.
- Make `snapshot()` a read-only operation: nonblocking snapshots collect
completed resolutions and retain handles for unfinished ones, while
blocking snapshots await every resolution.
- Replace completed failed resolutions from the current manager entry
and log when failed environments are omitted.
- Return attached and starting environments as a point-in-time view, and
count starting environments when deciding whether a snapshot is
local-only.
- Keep existing consumers attached-only. `to_selections()` derives from
attached environments, so child threads do not inherit an environment
that is still starting.

## Test plan

- `just test -p codex-core environment_selection`
- `just test -p codex-core
deferred_executor_reaches_model_before_remote_environment_is_ready`

## Landing note

Keep `deferred_executor` disabled for slow-starting executors until
configurable `environment/add` connection timeouts and caller support
land. When enabled, an environment that attaches after session startup
may remain absent from environment-derived model context, tools,
instructions, skills, and related state until follow-up refresh work
lands.

* [3/3] app-server: configure environment connection timeout (#29025)

## Why

Remote environments registered through `environment/add` currently use
the fixed 10-second WebSocket connection timeout. Slow-starting
executors need a caller-selected connection window, but this should not
add retry policy or couple exec-server behavior to Core’s
`deferred_executor` feature.

Make the timeout an optional part of the existing experimental request.
Existing clients continue using the current default, while callers that
know an executor may take longer can request a larger window explicitly.

Depends on #28683.

## What changed

- Add optional `connectTimeoutMs` to `EnvironmentAddParams` and document
it in the app-server README.
- Pass the optional timeout through `EnvironmentRequestProcessor` into
one `EnvironmentManager::upsert_environment()` path; the manager applies
the existing default when it is omitted.
- Preserve the existing single-attempt lifecycle. The configured value
controls WebSocket connection and handshake time for both initial
connection and later reconnects; initialization retains its separate
timeout.
- Add an app-server integration test that sends the real JSON-RPC
request and verifies a stalled handshake observes the requested timeout.

## Test plan

- `just test -p codex-app-server-protocol`
- `just test -p codex-exec-server`
- `just test -p codex-app-server
environment_add_applies_connect_timeout`

## Rollout

This is additive and does not enable `deferred_executor`. Callers should
send a non-default timeout only after a compatible app-server is
deployed; omitted or `null` values retain the existing 10-second
default.

* Add per-turn multi-agent mode (#28685)

## Why

Multi-agent v2 currently carries an explicit-request-only delegation
rule in its static usage hint. That provides a safe default, but it
prevents clients from selecting proactive delegation per turn without
changing static guidance or rewriting prior model context.

This change makes delegation mode a session selection that can be
updated through `turn/start`, while deriving the effective model-visible
mode separately for each turn. Eligible multi-agent v2 turns remain
explicit-request-only unless proactive mode is both selected and
enabled.

## What changed

- Add the experimental `turn/start.multiAgentMode` parameter with
`explicitRequestOnly` and `proactive` values. Omission retains the
loaded session's current optional selection.
- Add the default-off `features.multi_agent_mode` feature gate. Eligible
multi-agent v2 turns use the selected mode when enabled; an unset
selection or disabled gate resolves to `explicitRequestOnly`.
- Treat mode prompting as inapplicable for multi-agent v1 and other
unsupported session configurations, producing no multi-agent mode
developer message rather than rejecting the turn.
- Move the explicit-request-only rule out of the static v2 usage hint
and into a bounded, tagged developer context fragment.
- Emit the effective mode in initial context and only when that
effective mode changes on later turns.
- Persist the effective mode in `TurnContextItem` as the durable
baseline for resume and context-update comparisons.

Historical rollout items are not rewritten. Later mode developer
messages establish the current rule incrementally.

## Not covered

- Initial selection through `thread/start` and selected-mode reporting
from thread lifecycle/settings APIs; those are isolated in the stacked
#28792.
- A TUI control or slash command for selecting the mode.
- Persisting a preferred mode to `config.toml`; selection remains
session/turn scoped.
- Changes to multi-agent concurrency limits, tool availability, or model
catalog capability declarations.
- Rewriting historical rollout prompt items. Cold resume restores the
latest persisted effective mode when available while leaving historical
developer messages intact.

## Verification

- `CARGO_INCREMENTAL=0 just test -p codex-core multi_agent_mode`
- Focused app-server coverage verifies that `turn/start.multiAgentMode`
produces proactive developer instructions for an eligible v2 turn.

## Stack

Followed by #28792, which adds `thread/start` initialization and
lifecycle/settings observability.

* Expose thread-level multi-agent mode (#28792)

## Why

Once multi-agent mode can be selected per turn, clients also need to
choose the initial selection when creating a thread and observe that
selection through lifecycle and settings APIs.

The selected value is intentionally distinct from the effective
model-visible value: no client selection is represented as `null`, even
though an eligible multi-agent v2 turn derives `explicitRequestOnly` as
its effective default.

## What changed

- Add the optional experimental `thread/start.multiAgentMode` parameter
and pass it through thread creation.
- Preserve an omitted initial value as an unset selection rather than
eagerly storing `explicitRequestOnly`.
- Apply an explicit `thread/start` selection to the first turn through
the session configuration established at thread creation.
- Restore the latest persisted effective mode as the selected baseline
on cold resume when rollout history contains one.
- Inherit the optional selected mode from a loaded parent when creating
related runtime threads.
- Return the current selected `multiAgentMode` from `thread/start`,
`thread/resume`, `thread/fork`, and thread settings, using `null` when
no mode is selected.
- Keep lifecycle reporting independent from model capability and feature
eligibility; core turn construction remains responsible for calculating
and persisting the effective mode.

## Not covered

- Clearing an existing loaded-session selection back to unset through
`turn/start`; omitted or `null` currently retains the session's
selection.
- A TUI control, slash command, or `config.toml` preference.

## Verification

- `CARGO_INCREMENTAL=0 just test -p codex-app-server-protocol`
- `CARGO_INCREMENTAL=0 just test -p codex-app-server multi_agent_mode`

The focused app-server coverage verifies explicit `thread/start`
initialization, first-turn prompting, nullable reporting for an omitted
selection, and retention of selections that are not currently
runtime-eligible.

## Stack

Stacked on #28685. This PR contains only the thread initialization and
lifecycle/settings API layer.

* [codex] abort turns when rollout budgets expire (token budget 3/3) (#28707)

## Stack

Depends on #28494.

## Description

This PR propagates shared rollout-budget exhaustion through the existing
`CodexErr::TurnAborted` task result.

Each thread records its model usage against the same ledger. Once the
ledger is exhausted, that usage update and all later usage updates
return `TurnAborted`. The task wrapper emits the normal aborted-turn
event and lifecycle instead of completing the turn.

This is intentionally a soft boundary: there is no cross-thread
`Op::Interrupt` fanout. An in-flight thread can finish its current
response before it observes the exhausted ledger, but every thread
aborts at its next usage-accounting boundary.

## Tests

The integration coverage verifies that:

- the response that exhausts the budget aborts its turn;
- a later response also aborts because the shared ledger remains
exhausted; and
- sub-agent usage draws from the same shared ledger; and
- local and remote-v2 compaction abort without retrying or emitting a
generic error.

Local checks:

- `just test -p codex-core
exhausted_budget_aborts_current_and_later_turns`
- `just test -p codex-core subagent_usage_draws_from_the_shared_budget`
- `just test -p codex-core
abort_regular_task_emits_marker_before_turn_aborted`
- `just test -p codex-core
compaction_budget_exhaustion_aborts_without_error_or_retry`
- `just fix -p codex-core`
- `just fmt`
- `git diff --check`

The full workspace test suite was not run locally.

* Scope network approvals by environment (#28899)

Stacked on #28766.

## Why

Network approvals are environment-scoped: allowing a host in one
execution environment should not allow the same host in another
environment.

#28766 adds the inert IDs and constructor plumbing. This PR applies the
behavior on top.

## What changed

- Route managed network traffic through per-environment HTTP and SOCKS
proxy listeners.
- Stamp HTTP, HTTPS CONNECT, SOCKS TCP, and SOCKS UDP policy requests
with the source environment at the proxy boundary.
- Carry the selected execution environment through shell, unified exec,
zsh-fork, and sandbox transform paths.
- Include the environment in pending, approved-for-session, and
denied-for-session network approval cache keys.
- Include the environment in approval IDs and approval prompts.
- Preserve legacy fallback for unattributed requests, but deny when
active-call attribution is ambiguous.
- Fail closed if an environment-specific proxy endpoint cannot be
prepared.

## Validation

- just fmt
- CI will run tests and clippy

* Document raw response item compatibility (#29086)

Adds a short AGENTS.md note asking reviewers to treat raw response item
events as compatibility-sensitive, even while they are experimental.

This keeps future app-server changes from accidentally breaking Codex
Cloud consumers of raw response item events.

* Add indexed web search mode (#28489)

## Summary

- Add `web_search = "indexed"` alongside `disabled`, `cached`, and
`live`.
- Use that same resolved mode for both hosted and standalone web search.
- For hosted search, send `index_gated_web_access: true` with external
web access enabled only when `indexed` is selected.
- For standalone search, preserve the existing boolean wire values for
existing modes (`cached` maps to `false` and `live` to `true`) and send
`"indexed"` only for `indexed`; `disabled` keeps the tool unavailable.
- Carry the mode through managed configuration requirements and
generated schemas.

## Why

Indexed search provides a middle ground between cached-only search and
unrestricted live page fetching. Search queries can remain live while
direct page fetches are limited to URLs admitted by the server.

The existing `web_search` setting remains the single source of truth, so
hosted and standalone executors cannot drift into different access
modes. Without an explicit `indexed` selection, the existing
model-visible tool and request shapes are unchanged.

```toml
web_search = "indexed"

[features]
standalone_web_search = true
```

## Validation

- `just fmt`
- `just test -p codex-api` (`126 passed`)
- `just test -p codex-web-search-extension` (`7 passed`)
- `just test -p codex-core
code_mode_can_call_indexed_standalone_web_search` (`1 passed`)
- Focused configuration, hosted request, standalone request, and
managed-requirement coverage is included in the PR; remaining suites run
in CI.

The full workspace test suite was not run locally.

* Add config toggles for orchestrator skills and MCP (#28942)

## Why

Orchestrator-provided skills and Codex Apps MCP tools add model-visible
instructions, resources, and tools beyond the local workspace. Hosts
need config-level switches to disable those orchestrator-owned surfaces
independently, without disabling regular skills or regular MCP servers.

## What changed

- Adds `[orchestrator.skills].enabled` and `[orchestrator.mcp].enabled`
config entries, both defaulting to `true`.
- Includes the new settings in `config.schema.json` and in the config
lock so resolved thread configuration preserves the same orchestrator
exposure decisions.
- Threads `orchestrator.skills.enabled` through the app-server skills
extension so disabled orchestrator skills do not expose the `skills`
namespace or inject orchestrator skill context.
- Gates Codex Apps MCP exposure, app instructions, and app auth
eligibility on `orchestrator.mcp.enabled` while leaving non-Codex-Apps
MCP tools available.
- Updates the thread-manager sample config to disable both
orchestrator-owned surfaces.

## Verification

- Added config parsing, loading, defaulting, and schema coverage for the
new settings.
- Added MCP exposure coverage that `orchestrator.mcp.enabled = false`
removes Codex Apps tools while preserving regular MCP tools.
- Added app-server coverage that `orchestrator.skills.enabled = false`
prevents orchestrator skill tools, prompts, and resource reads from
reaching the model turn.

* Keep remote exec commands native to the executor (#29099)

## Summary

- Remote unified-exec now sends the original command argv to exec-server
instead of materializing the orchestrator's sandbox wrapper first.
- Local unified-exec keeps the existing sandbox path unchanged.
- Add a focused regression test for a macOS-selected sandbox producing
plain remote argv.

Before:

    macOS orchestrator -> /usr/bin/sandbox-exec ... -> Linux exec-server

After:

    macOS orchestrator -> /bin/bash -lc pwd -> Linux exec-server

This is intentionally only the first cleanup step. Remote unified-exec
commands are sent without a process sandbox until the targeted
follow-ups below land. For the macOS-to-Linux path this is not a
practical regression: the old sandboxed attempt failed before process
launch because the Linux executor could not spawn macOS sandbox paths.

## Targeted follow-ups

1. Carry sandbox intent separately from argv.
   - Add an optional sandbox field to exec-server process params.
- Reuse FileSystemSandboxContext rather than introducing a new sandbox
model.
   - Carry managed-network enforcement as one explicit bit.
   - Keep argv plain.

2. Apply that intent inside exec-server.
   - Add a small process-start adapter before LocalProcess::exec.
- Reuse the existing codex-sandboxing SandboxManager and exec-server
runtime paths.
- Follow the same shape already used by exec-server filesystem
sandboxing.
   - Do not duplicate or move the sandbox implementations.

3. Report the sandbox actually used.
   - Return the executor-selected sandbox type from process/start.
- Use that value in core for sandbox-denial detection and retry
behavior.

## End state

The orchestrator sends plain commands plus portable sandbox intent. The
executor chooses and applies its own native sandbox: Linux executors use
Linux sandboxing, macOS executors use Seatbelt, and Windows executors
use Windows sandboxing. Concrete wrapper argv, helper paths, and sandbox
env markers never cross the executor boundary.

* Use cached and live web access terminology (#29095)

## Summary

- Rename the string-valued external web access enum variants from
`Offline` / `Online` to `Cached` / `Live`.
- Align the transport names with the existing `web_search = "cached"` /
`"live"` configuration vocabulary.

Existing behavior is unchanged: `WebSearchMode::Cached` and
`WebSearchMode::Live` continue to send the backward-compatible boolean
values `false` and `true`; `Indexed` remains the only mode currently
sent as a string.

## Validation

- `just fmt`
- `just test -p codex-api` (127 passed)

* [codex] trace pre-sampling skill and persistence latency (#29042)

* chore(deps): advance tokio-tungstenite (#29132)

## Why

Responses websocket connections use `tokio-tungstenite`. When DNS
returns an unusable native IPv6 address before a working IPv4 address,
sequential dialing can consume Codex's outer websocket timeout before
reaching IPv4. The merged fork change adds Happy Eyeballs-style
alternate-family racing so websocket dialing matches the recovery
behavior already present in the HTTP path.

## What Changed

Advance the workspace `tokio-tungstenite` patch from `132f5b39` to
merged commit `e5e64b86`, and update the matching lockfile source. The
new revision comes from
[openai-oss-forks/tokio-tungstenite#1](https://github.com/openai-oss-forks/tokio-tungstenite/pull/1).

* [codex] Preserve skill descriptions outside model context (#29006)

## Why

Skill descriptions are used in model-visible lists: the default
available-skills catalog that supports implicit selection, and the
on-demand `skills.list` tool response used to discover orchestrator
skills. A single overlong description should not consume a
disproportionate share of either list.

Enforcing the 1024-character limit while loading or migrating skills is
the wrong boundary: it rejects otherwise-valid skills and discards
metadata that non-model consumers and full skill reads may need. Skill
metadata and `SKILL.md` content should remain intact; the cap belongs at
model-visible list rendering boundaries.

## What changed

- Preserve full `description` and `metadata.short-description` values
when loading skills.
- Preserve full external-agent command descriptions during
`source-command-*` migration instead of skipping commands solely because
their descriptions exceed 1024 characters.
- Preserve full normalized orchestrator descriptions in the underlying
skills catalog.
- Cap each description at 1024 Unicode characters when rendering the
default available-skills context in `codex-core-skills` and
`codex-skills-extension`.
- Apply the same cap when serializing descriptions in the model-visible
`skills.list` response.
- Render truncated descriptions as 1021 original characters plus `...`.
- Leave explicit `$skill` injection, `skills.read`, underlying metadata,
and on-disk `SKILL.md` files unchanged and full-fidelity.

## Implicit skill selection

Codex injects a bounded catalog containing each implicitly allowed
skill's name, description, and source locator, together with
instructions to use a skill when the task clearly matches its
description. The model makes that semantic choice; after selecting a
skill, it reads the full `SKILL.md` from its filesystem or provider
resource. Explicit `$skill` mentions remain a separate path that injects
the full skill instructions. For orchestrator skills, `skills.list`
provides bounded discovery metadata before `skills.read` returns the
full selected resource.

## Test plan

- `just test -p codex-core-skills`
- `just test -p codex-skills-extension`
- `just test -p codex-external-agent-migration`

The focused regressions verify that overlong metadata is preserved at
load and migration boundaries while default available-skills rendering
and `skills.list` output produce the 1021-character prefix plus `...`.

* Allow resume and settings commands during tasks and MCP startup (#29154)

## Why

The TUI treats both an active turn and MCP startup as a running task.
That currently blocks `/resume` and several settings commands even
though they do not compete with turn execution, which is especially
frustrating when MCP startup is slow.

Model, permissions, personality, and service-tier selections already
update thread settings independently of the running turn. Other clients
can send those updates mid-turn, while the current turn continues with
its captured settings. Allowing the same updates from local slash
commands makes the TUI consistent with that existing behavior.

## What changed

- Allow `/resume` while a task is running.
- Allow `/model`, `/permissions`, `/personality`, and service-tier
commands such as `/fast` while a task is running.
- Keep the existing behavior where the active turn uses its captured
settings and updates apply to subsequent turns.
- Exercise the commands under the busy state in the existing TUI tests
and retain coverage for commands that should remain blocked.

## Behavior note

Turn settings such as model selection and reasoning effort are captured
when a turn starts. Changing them during an active turn affects the next
turn, not the turn already in progress. The status bar updates
immediately, so it may temporarily display the newly selected setting
before that setting is actually in effect.

## Verification

- Focused `codex-tui` tests for resume dispatch, settings popups,
`/fast`, and disabled-command behavior.

## Related issues

Closes #19015.

Addresses the next-turn-safe model/reasoning switching portion of
#14356; dedicated shortcuts and the proposed depth meter remain out of
scope.

* core: add context window lineage IDs (#29256)

## Why

The rendered `<token_budget>` fragment identifies the thread and current
context window, but it does not expose enough lineage to identify the
first window in the thread or the immediately preceding window. Those
IDs also need to remain stable across compaction, resume, and rollback.

## What changed

- Track first, previous, and current UUIDv7 context-window IDs in
auto-compaction state.
- Render `thread_id`, `first_window_id`, `previous_window_id`, and the
current window ID in the full `<token_budget>` fragment.
- Persist the first and previous window IDs in compacted rollout
checkpoints and restore them during rollout reconstruction.
- Preserve compatibility with older compacted records that do not
contain the new optional fields.
- Update focused state, rendering, reconstruction, rollback, and
serialization coverage.

## Validation

- `just test -p codex-core token_budget`
- `just test -p codex-protocol compacted_item::tests`
- `just test -p codex-core tracks_prefill_and_window_boundaries`
- `just test -p codex-core
reconstruct_history_uses_replacement_history_verbatim`
- `just test -p codex-core
thread_rollback_restores_cleared_reference_context_item_after_compaction`

* [codex] prototype mcp_history thread hint injection (#29259)

## Why

Prototype whether the harness can invoke the `mcp_history` MCP while
constructing full initial context and expose its thread hint to the
model without requiring a model-issued tool call.

The prototype builds on the context-window lineage added by #29256 and
is now based directly on `main`.

## What changed

- Call `mcp_history/thread_hint` with no arguments while building the
full `<token_budget>` context.
- Pass the current `threadId` through MCP request metadata, matching the
normal MCP tool-call path.
- Serialize only the unstructured `content` result and append it inside
`<token_budget>` when the call succeeds.
- Omit the additional context when the MCP call or content serialization
fails.

## Prototype limitations

- The direct call bypasses the normal model-initiated MCP approval,
lifecycle-event, telemetry, and result-sanitization path.
- The call has no prototype-specific timeout, result-size cap, or
per-window cache.
- MCP latency is added to full-context construction, including
applicable compaction paths.

## Validation

- `just test -p codex-core token_budget`

* [codex] add configurable token budget compaction reminder (#29255)

## Why

The token-budget feature reports coarse remaining-context milestones,
but it does not give the model a configurable wrap-up prompt before
automatic compaction. A strict threshold-crossing check can also miss
resumed or reconfigured windows that are already inside the threshold.

## What changed

- Add structured `[features.token_budget]` configuration for an absolute
`reminder_threshold_tokens` and bounded `reminder_message_template`;
`{n_remaining}` is expanded when the reminder is delivered.
- Compute remaining tokens against the next effective auto-compaction
boundary, including scoped `body_after_prefix` accounting and the full
context-window limit.
- Make reminder delivery level-triggered before and after sampling, with
one-shot state owned by `AutoCompactWindow` and re-armed on compaction,
`new_context`, restore, or history replacement.
- Leave the existing initial full-window token-budget context, 25/50/75%
notices, and token-budget tools unchanged.
- Persist the resolved feature configuration in the session config lock
and regenerate the config schema.

## Validation

- `just test -p codex-core token_budget`
- `just test -p codex-core
token_budget_reminder_emits_after_crossing_compaction_threshold`
- `just test -p codex-core auto_compact_window`
- `just test -p codex-core
lock_contains_prompts_and_materializes_features`
- `just test -p codex-features`
- `just test -p codex-config`

* [codex] simplify token budget context (#29295)

## Why

The token-budget feature currently adds remaining-token messages
whenever usage crosses the 25%, 50%, and 75% thresholds. Those periodic
inserts create prompt churn without requiring action, while the
near-compaction reminder and explicit `get_context_remaining` tool
already cover actionable and on-demand budget information.

The context-window lineage block is also easier to scan as plain labeled
text than as a `<token_budget>`-wrapped fragment.

## What changed

- Stop recording automatic remaining-token messages at percentage
thresholds.
- Render context-window lineage in `First`, `Current`, `Previous` order
with colon-separated labels.
- Omit the `Previous` line for the first context window.
- Remove `<token_budget>` wrappers from newly rendered lineage,
near-compaction reminders, and `get_context_remaining` output.
- Keep recognizing legacy wrapped fragments so existing rollouts remain
compatible.
- Remove the post-sampling token snapshot that was only needed by the
periodic threshold path.

## Testing

- `just test -p codex-core token_budget` (11 tests passed)

* Carry sandbox intent to remote exec servers (#29108)

## What changed

PR #29099 stopped sending the orchestrator's concrete sandbox wrapper to
a remote exec-server. Remote commands now arrive as plain native argv.

This PR adds the next piece: Codex also sends portable sandbox intent
next to that plain argv.

For a remote unified-exec command, the request can now include:

- the canonical permission profile before local workspace-root
materialization
- the sandbox cwd and workspace roots as `PathUri` values
- Windows sandbox settings
- the legacy Landlock setting
- whether managed networking must be enforced

The important part is that symbolic entries such as `:workspace_roots`
stay symbolic while crossing the boundary. The executor can then bind
them to its own workspace-root paths instead of receiving
orchestrator-local absolute paths.

The data travels through `ExecRequest` into `ExecParams`. Older
exec-servers can still deserialize requests because the new fields have
defaults.

## Why

The orchestrator should not decide how another machine implements
sandboxing.

For example:

- a local macOS Codex would normally build a Seatbelt command
- a remote Linux executor needs a Linux sandbox command instead

The orchestrator now sends the plain command plus the policy it intended
to enforce. A later PR can let the exec-server choose and build the
correct sandbox for its own operating system.

## Important detail

This keeps the portable intent separate from the local `SandboxType`.

`SandboxType::None` is ambiguous:

- it can mean the command was explicitly approved to run without a
sandbox
- it can also mean the orchestrator host has no concrete sandbox
implementation available

Those cases are different for remote execution. This PR adds
`sandbox_requested` so an executor can still receive sandbox intent when
the orchestrator cannot build a local wrapper. Explicit unsandboxed
retries still send no sandbox context.

## Behavior today

This PR only transports the intent. The exec-server accepts the new
fields but does not apply them yet.

Remote commands therefore remain unsandboxed after this PR, just as they
are after PR #29099.

## Follow-up

The next PR will make exec-server read this portable intent, bind
symbolic workspace permissions to executor-native roots, choose the
sandbox for its own operating system, build the wrapper locally, and
then spawn the command.

* Test pipelined scalar exec-server requests (#29325)

## Summary

This adds focused coverage for the simpler same-connection scalar
request path.

The exec-server connection already supports multiple in-flight JSON-RPC
scalar requests on one connection. This test locks in that behavior by
sending two normal requests before reading either response, without
adding a batch frame or any new API surface.

## What changed

- Added a processor-level test that initializes an exec-server
connection.
- Sends two scalar `environment/info` requests back-to-back on the same
connection.
- Verifies both responses come back on the same connection by request
id.

Checked locally with:

- `just test -p codex-exec-server
connection_accepts_pipelined_scalar_requests`

* Parallelize skill metadata stats (#29326)

## Summary

This switches skill discovery to the simpler same-connection scalar
request shape.

After reading a skills directory, discovery now starts the existing
`fs/getMetadata` calls for all visible entries in that directory before
awaiting the results. There is no JSON-RPC batch frame and no new
filesystem API; remote filesystems use the existing request-id
multiplexing on the same exec-server connection.

This is the scoped alternative to the batch-frame approach in #29074 /
#29075.

## What changed

- Collect visible directory entries before processing them.
- Run their existing `fs.get_metadata(...)` calls with `join_all`.
- Process the results in the original directory order, so skill
discovery behavior stays the same.

## Benchmarks

Fresh local benchmark against generated skill trees over a real
exec-server remote filesystem. The benchmark calls the actual
`load_skills_from_roots` path, so this includes directory reads,
metadata stats, `SKILL.md` reads, and parsing.

Times are p50 milliseconds from 5 samples after 1 warmup, using warmed
runs.

| Scenario | Legacy `main` | Batch frame stack (#29074 / #29075) |
Same-connection scalar stack |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| 100 flat skills | 377.4 | 389.0 | 378.6 |
| 500 flat skills | 1983.2 | 1856.6 | 1757.5 |

Takeaway: for the actual skill discovery path, same-connection scalar is
tied with legacy at 100 skills and best at 500 skills. The batch-frame
stack does not show enough win here to justify the extra protocol/API
surface.

Benchmark command:

- `just test -p codex-exec-server benchmark_remote_skill_discovery
--run-ignored ignored-only --no-capture`

Checked locally with:

- `just test -p codex-core-skills`
- `just bazel-lock-update`
- `just bazel-lock-check`

* Use controlled time for remote initialization timeout test (#29329)

## Summary

The remote-control initialization timeout test used a 50 ms wall-clock
deadline around a 10 ms transport timeout. A busy CI runner could miss
that outer deadline even when the rollback behavior was correct.

Pause Tokio time and advance it explicitly through the transport timeout
instead. The test still verifies that initialization fails and emits the
matching connection-closed event, without depending on scheduler speed.

* code-mode: define transport-neutral runtime types (#29170)

## Summary

- introduce a private `session_runtime` boundary for cell creation
requests, observation modes, lifecycle events, output items, and tool
metadata
- update the cell actor and in-process service to use those
transport-neutral types
- keep cell ID allocation on the owning session side

## Motivation

Cell lifecycle vocabulary currently lives inside the cell actor
implementation. That makes the service adapter and future session
runtime depend on actor-specific types, increasing the size and
complexity of the runtime ownership change.

This is the first reviewable slice of the session-runtime stack. It
separates the transport-neutral data model without moving lifecycle
ownership or changing behavior.

Later slices will move session state behind this boundary, harden
terminal and shutdown behavior, and split cell creation from
observation.

## Behavior

There are no public API or user-visible behavior changes in this PR.

In particular:

- `CodeModeSession::execute` and `wait` are unchanged
- cell IDs remain allocated by the owning session
- cell admission, observation, termination, and shutdown behavior are
unchanged

* code-mode: move session ownership into runtime (#29285)

## Summary

- Move code-mode cell ownership and shared stored values from
`CodeModeService` into `SessionRuntime`.
- Keep the protocol-facing execute/wait behavior behind the existing
service adapter.
- Add runtime-level ownership and isolation coverage.

## Why

This establishes a transport-neutral session boundary before later
lifecycle and create/observe changes.

## Impact

No intended model-facing behavior change. This is an ownership and
layering refactor.

## Validation

- Stack-tip validation: `just test -p codex-code-mode -p
codex-code-mode-protocol` (70 passed).
- Parent branch: `cconger/code-mode-runtime-compact-03a-runtime-types`.

* code-mode: linearize cell terminal state (#29286)

## Summary

- Introduce a single cell terminal-state machine for completion and
termination.
- Make stored-value commits atomic with the winning terminal outcome.
- Buffer terminal results for later observation and cover
termination-before-commit behavior.

## Why

Completion, termination, observation, and stored-value updates must
agree on one linearized outcome under cancellation races.

## Impact

Terminal delivery becomes deterministic and terminated cells cannot
commit state after termination wins.

## Validation

- Focused terminal-state regression passed.
- Stack-tip validation: `just test -p codex-code-mode -p
codex-code-mode-protocol` (70 passed).
- Parent branch:
`cconger/code-mode-runtime-compact-03b-session-runtime`.

* code-mode: make session shutdown authoritative (#29287)

## Summary

- Give each session and cell a hierarchical cancellation token.
- Track cell tasks so shutdown waits for admitted actors without polling
the registry.
- Make shutdown authoritative across concurrent admission and
non-cooperative callbacks.

## Why

A best-effort registry scan can miss cells admitted concurrently or
blocked behind the registry lock.

## Impact

Session shutdown reliably stops every admitted cell and rejects new work
once shutdown begins.

## Validation

- Stack-tip validation: `just test -p codex-code-mode -p
codex-code-mode-protocol` (70 passed).
- Parent branch: `cconger/code-mode-runtime-compact-03c-terminal-state`.

* [prompting] updated plan mode prompt (#29301)

Update plan mode prompt to render the implementation plan to the user on
relevant follow-ups, such that the user can exit out of plan mode to
implement rather than manually switch of plan mode.

* code-mode: preserve dropped observation output (#29288)

## Summary

- Restore yielded output when an observation receiver disappears before
delivery.
- Preserve pending-frontier output and tool IDs across failed delivery.
- Add dropped-observer coverage for yield and pending observations.

## Why

Canceling a wait must not consume output or a pending frontier that the
caller never received.

## Impact

A later observation can recover undelivered incremental output without
duplication.

## Validation

- Stack-tip validation: `just test -p codex-code-mode -p
codex-code-mode-protocol` (70 passed).
- Parent branch:
`cconger/code-mode-runtime-compact-03e-shutdown-hierarchy`.

* code-mode: preserve initial yield at completion (#29289)

## Summary

- Retain the first pre-observation `yield_control()` boundary when a
cell completes before observation.
- Deliver the preserved yield before the buffered completion.
- Keep later unattached yields as no-ops.

## Why

Create followed by the initial wait must preserve the former execute
response boundary even when the script runs to completion first.

## Impact

The first wait observes the same initial yield boundary as before create
and observe were decoupled.

## Validation

- Focused initial-yield signature regression passed.
- Stack-tip validation: `just test -p codex-code-mode -p
codex-code-mode-protocol` (70 passed).
- Parent branch:
`cconger/code-mode-runtime-compact-03e2-observation-delivery`.

* [codex] Add internal auto-compaction opt-out (#28260)

## Summary

- add a default-on `auto_compaction` feature flag as an internal escape
hatch
- skip pre-turn, model-switch/hash, and mid-turn automatic compaction
when the flag is disabled
- preserve manual `/compact` behavior and surface the existing
context-window error when the provider runs out of room
- add integration coverage for disabled pre-turn and mid-turn compaction

## Motivation

Long-running SPO optimization rollouts need the option to preserve their
full context and fail on context exhaustion instead of entering another
compaction window. This deliberately uses the existing feature-flag
mechanism rather than adding a dedicated public config or app-server
API.

Disable it with:

```sh
codex --disable auto_compaction
```

## Testing

- `just test -p codex-features` — 51 passed
- `just test -p codex-core auto_compaction_feature_disabled` — 2 passed
- `just fix -p codex-core -p codex-features`
- `just write-config-schema`
- `just test -p codex-core` — the new compaction tests passed; the
overall local run had 54 unrelated environment failures, primarily
missing first-party test binaries and shell-snapshot timeouts

* Propagate safety buffering events to app-server clients (#29371)

Responses API safety buffering metadata currently stops at the transport
boundary, so app-server clients cannot render the in-progress safety
review state.

This change:
- decodes and deduplicates `safety_buffering` metadata from Responses
API SSE and WebSocket events without suppressing the original response
event
- emits a typed core event containing the requested model plus backend
use cases and reasons
- forwards that event as `turn/safetyBuffering/updated` through
app-server v2 and updates generated protocol schemas
- keeps the side-channel event out of persisted rollouts and turn timing

This supports the Codex Apps buffering UX and depends on the Responses
API backend work in https://github.com/openai/openai/pull/1044569 and
https://github.com/openai/openai/pull/1044571.

Validation:
- focused `codex-core` safety-buffering integration test passes
- `cargo check -p codex-core -p codex-app-server -p
codex-app-server-protocol`
- `just fix -p codex-api -p codex-protocol -p codex-core -p
codex-app-server-protocol -p codex-app-server -p codex-rollout -p
codex-rollout-trace -p codex-otel`
- `just fmt`
- broad package test run: 4,430/4,492 passed; 62 unrelated
local-environment/concurrency failures involved unavailable test
binaries, MCP subprocess setup, and app-server timeouts

* chore: fix merge race (auto-compaction feature access) (#29393)

## Summary

- read the `AutoCompaction` feature flag through `TurnContext::config`
- fix both the mid-turn and pre-sampling compaction checks

## Why

#28260 was validated against an older base where `TurnContext` exposed a
direct `features` field. It was then merged after that field had moved
under `config`, leaving the merge result unable to compile with `E0609`
on `turn_context.features`.

This restores compilation for Bazel, SDK, and argument-comment-lint jobs
that build `codex-core`. Behavior is unchanged: disabling
`auto_compaction` still skips automatic compaction.

## Validation

- `just fmt`
- `CODEX_HOME=/private/tmp/codex-fix-auto-compaction-test-home just test
-p codex-core auto_compaction_feature_disabled` — 4 passed
- `just test -p codex-core` — `codex-core` compiled; 2,722 passed and 89
unrelated local-environment failures remained because the sandbox could
not write the default Codex SQLite/proxy paths and some first-party test
binaries were unavailable

* Persist session IDs across thread resume (#29327)

## Summary

A cold-resumed subagent kept its durable thread ID but could receive a
new session ID, splitting one agent tree across multiple sessions after
a restart.

Persist the root session ID in every rollout `SessionMeta`, carry it
through thread creation, and restore it before initializing the resumed
`Session` and `AgentControl`.

## Behavior

For a nested agent tree:

```text
root session R
  parent thread P
    child thread C
```

The child rollout stores:

```text
session_id:       R
parent_thread_id: P
id:               C
```

After a cold resume, the child still belongs to root session `R` while
its immediate parent remains `P`. The integration coverage uses distinct
values for all three IDs so it catches restoring the session from
`parent_thread_id`.

## Legacy rollouts

Previous rollouts have `id` but no `session_id`. `SessionMetaLine`
deserialization treats a missing `session_id` as `id`, keeping those
files readable, listable, and resumable. When a legacy subagent is
resumed through its root, that synthesized child ID no longer overrides
the inherited root-scoped `AgentControl`. New rollouts always persist
the explicit root session ID.

* Simplify multi-agent mode controls (#29324)

## Why

Multi-agent delegation policy was split across `multiAgentMode`,
`features.multi_agent_mode`, and `usage_hint_enabled`. These controls
could disagree: a requested mode could be downgraded by the feature
flag, and disabling usage hints also disabled mode instructions.

Some clients also need multi-agent tools without adding
delegation-policy text to model context. The previous two-mode API could
not express that directly.

## What changed

`multiAgentMode` is now the only live delegation-policy control:

| Mode | Behavior |
| --- | --- |
| `none` | Keep multi-agent tools available without adding mode
instructions. |
| `explicitRequestOnly` | Only delegate after an explicit user request.
|
| `proactive` | Dele…
dkropachev pushed a commit to dkropachev/codex that referenced this pull request Jul 5, 2026
## Summary

This switches skill discovery to the simpler same-connection scalar
request shape.

After reading a skills directory, discovery now starts the existing
`fs/getMetadata` calls for all visible entries in that directory before
awaiting the results. There is no JSON-RPC batch frame and no new
filesystem API; remote filesystems use the existing request-id
multiplexing on the same exec-server connection.

This is the scoped alternative to the batch-frame approach in openai#29074 /
openai#29075.

## What changed

- Collect visible directory entries before processing them.
- Run their existing `fs.get_metadata(...)` calls with `join_all`.
- Process the results in the original directory order, so skill
discovery behavior stays the same.

## Benchmarks

Fresh local benchmark against generated skill trees over a real
exec-server remote filesystem. The benchmark calls the actual
`load_skills_from_roots` path, so this includes directory reads,
metadata stats, `SKILL.md` reads, and parsing.

Times are p50 milliseconds from 5 samples after 1 warmup, using warmed
runs.

| Scenario | Legacy `main` | Batch frame stack (openai#29074 / openai#29075) |
Same-connection scalar stack |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| 100 flat skills | 377.4 | 389.0 | 378.6 |
| 500 flat skills | 1983.2 | 1856.6 | 1757.5 |

Takeaway: for the actual skill discovery path, same-connection scalar is
tied with legacy at 100 skills and best at 500 skills. The batch-frame
stack does not show enough win here to justify the extra protocol/API
surface.

Benchmark command:

- `just test -p codex-exec-server benchmark_remote_skill_discovery
--run-ignored ignored-only --no-capture`

Checked locally with:

- `just test -p codex-core-skills`
- `just bazel-lock-update`
- `just bazel-lock-check`
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