feat: add exe.dev cloud adapter

[qingfeng312]

Summary

Adds an exe.dev cloud adapter so sh1pt can provision and manage persistent exe.dev VMs through the platform's HTTPS command API.

What changed

• adds packages/cloud/exe-dev with connect, quote, provision, list, status, and destroy
• uses EXE_DEV_TOKEN from the sh1pt vault and documents the setup flow for generating an exe.dev HTTPS API key
• registers exe-dev under the cloud adapter category
• updates CLI_INTEGRATIONS.md to note that the target adapter already exists and this PR adds the cloud adapter side

Validation

• Ran a focused TypeScript check for the new adapter and adapter registry with local shims for the workspace core package.

Refs #30
Related to #133

[github-actions]

🤖 Auto-rebase: The branch was rebased successfully locally but could not be pushed to the fork. Please enable 'Allow edits from maintainers' in the PR settings, or rebase manually: git fetch upstream master && git rebase upstream/master.

[github-actions]

🤖 Auto-rebase: The branch was rebased successfully locally but could not be pushed to the fork. Please enable 'Allow edits from maintainers' in the PR settings, or rebase manually: git fetch upstream master && git rebase upstream/master.

[github-actions]

🤖 Auto-rebase: The branch was rebased successfully locally but could not be pushed to the fork. Please enable 'Allow edits from maintainers' in the PR settings, or rebase manually: git fetch upstream master && git rebase upstream/master.

[github-actions]

🤖 Auto-rebase: The branch was rebased successfully locally but could not be pushed to the fork. Please enable 'Allow edits from maintainers' in the PR settings, or rebase manually: git fetch upstream master && git rebase upstream/master.