Fix msgspec optimizations on 3.14

HISTORY.md

@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ Our backwards-compatibility policy can be found [here](https://github.com/python
   ([#753](https://github.com/python-attrs/cattrs/pull/753))
 - {meth}`BaseConverter.register_structure_hook_factory` and {meth}`BaseConverter.register_unstructure_hook_factory` now properly return the factory when used as decorators.
   ([#724](https://github.com/python-attrs/cattrs/pull/724))
+- The {mod}`msgspec <cattrs.preconf.msgspec>` preconf converter now properly handles recursive classes on Python 3.14+.
+  ([#757](https://github.com/python-attrs/cattrs/pull/757))
 
 ## 26.1.0 (2026-02-18)
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ bson = [
     "pymongo>=4.4.0",
 ]
 msgspec = [
-    "msgspec>=0.19.0; implementation_name == \"cpython\"",
+    "msgspec>=0.21.1; implementation_name == \"cpython\"",
 ]
 tomllib = [
     "tomli>=1.1.0; python_version < '3.11'",

src/cattrs/preconf/msgspec.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 from datetime import date, datetime
 from enum import Enum
 from functools import partial
+from threading import local
 from typing import Any, TypeVar, Union, get_type_hints
 
 from attrs import has as attrs_has
@@ -33,10 +34,12 @@
 from ..strategies import configure_union_passthrough
 from . import literals_with_enums_unstructure_factory, wrap
 
-T = TypeVar("T")
-
 __all__ = ["MsgspecJsonConverter", "configure_converter", "make_converter"]
 
+T = TypeVar("T")
+_already_probing = local()
+"""Used to detect and handle recursive data structures."""
+
 
 class MsgspecJsonConverter(Converter):
     """A converter specialized for the _msgspec_ library."""
@@ -141,7 +144,7 @@ def seq_unstructure_factory(type, converter: Converter) -> UnstructureHook:
     return converter.gen_unstructure_iterable(type)
 
 
-def mapping_unstructure_factory(type, converter: BaseConverter) -> UnstructureHook:
+def mapping_unstructure_factory(type, converter: Converter) -> UnstructureHook:
     """The msgspec unstructure hook factory for mappings."""
     if is_bare(type):
         key_arg = Any
@@ -176,20 +179,36 @@ def msgspec_attrs_unstructure_factory(
             private attributes, making us do the work.
     """
     origin = get_origin(type)
-    attribs = fields(origin or type)
+    base = origin or type
+    attribs = fields(base)
     if attrs_has(type) and any(isinstance(a.type, str) for a in attribs):
         resolve_types(type)
-        attribs = fields(origin or type)
+        attribs = fields(base)
 
-    if msgspec_skips_private and any(
-        attr.name.startswith("_")
-        or (
+    if msgspec_skips_private and any(attr.name.startswith("_") for attr in attribs):
+        # Private attributes we have to do ourselves.
+        return converter.gen_unstructure_attrs_fromdict(type)
+
+    try:
+        working_set = _already_probing.working_set
+        if base in working_set:
+            return to_builtins
+    except AttributeError:
+        working_set = set()
+        _already_probing.working_set = working_set
+
+    try:
+        working_set.add(base)
+        if any(
             converter.get_unstructure_hook(attr.type, cache_result=False)
             not in (identity, to_builtins)
-        )
-        for attr in attribs
-    ):
-        return converter.gen_unstructure_attrs_fromdict(type)
+            for attr in attribs
+        ):
+            return converter.gen_unstructure_attrs_fromdict(type)
+    finally:
+        working_set.remove(base)
+        if not working_set:
+            del _already_probing.working_set
 
     return to_builtins
 

tests/conftest.py

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ def converter_cls(request):
 collect_ignore_glob = []
 if sys.version_info < (3, 14):
     collect_ignore_glob.append("test_gen_dict_649.py")
+    collect_ignore_glob.append("**/test_msgspec_314_cpython.py")
 if sys.version_info < (3, 12):
     collect_ignore_glob.append("*_695.py")
 if platform.python_implementation() == "PyPy":

tests/preconf/test_msgspec_314_cpython.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+"""Tests for msgspec functionality on Python 3.14."""
+
+from attrs import define
+from msgspec import to_builtins
+
+from cattrs.preconf.msgspec import make_converter
+
+
+@define
+class RecursiveAttrs:
+    children: list[RecursiveAttrs]  # noqa: F821
+
+
+def test_unstructure_recursive_attrs_class_with_self_list():
+    """Unstructuring recursive data structures under 3.14 works."""
+    converter = make_converter()
+
+    inst = RecursiveAttrs([RecursiveAttrs([])])
+    raw = {"children": [{"children": []}]}
+
+    assert converter.get_unstructure_hook(RecursiveAttrs) is to_builtins
+    assert converter.unstructure(inst) == raw
+    assert converter.structure(raw, RecursiveAttrs) == inst