[doc] Mention __slots__ behavior in weakref.rst (GH-21061) (GH-28772)

It took me longer than I expected to figure out why a random class
I dealt with didn't support weak references. I believe this addition
will make the __slots__/weakref interaction more discoverable to people
having troubles with this. (Before this patch __slots__ was not
mentioned in weakref documentation even once).

Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
(cherry picked from commit b24b47e)

Co-authored-by: Jakub Stasiak <jakub@stasiak.at>

Author: miss-islington

Doc/library/weakref.rst

@@ -88,6 +88,10 @@ support weak references but can add support through subclassing::
 Extension types can easily be made to support weak references; see
 :ref:`weakref-support`.
 
+When ``__slots__`` are defined for a given type, weak reference support is
+disabled unless a ``'__weakref__'`` string is also present in the sequence of
+strings in the ``__slots__`` declaration.
+See :ref:`__slots__ documentation <slots>` for details.
 
 .. class:: ref(object[, callback])