`du --exclude='[^/]*' /` behave differently

[sylvestre]

$ ./target/debug/coreutils du --exclude='[^/]*'  / 
$ du --exclude='[^/]*'  / 
4       /

Similarly:

$ ./target/debug/coreutils du --exclude='[^/tmp/]*'  /tmp
$ du --exclude='[^/tmp/]*'  /tmp 
[...]
4       /tmp/tmpydz9rgeb
19156   /tmp

Tested by
https://github.com/coreutils/coreutils/blob/master/tests/du/slash.sh

[ackerleytng]

Let me take this up!

[sylvestre]

Sure, please give it a try ;)

[ackerleytng]

I found that Rust's glob crate doesn't handle negation within the brackets [^. Instead of ^, glob expects the use of [^.

Should we build a wrapper? Perhaps do some kind of pattern replacement? I feel that that could be difficult to do correctly.

As an example, the following works:

$ ./target/debug/coreutils du --exclude='[!/]*'  /
4       /
$ du --exclude='[!/]*'  /
4       /
$

[ackerleytng]

Both glob and globset use the ! syntax for negation

[ackerleytng]

This issue extends to other tools:

$ ls
a  b  c  d  e
$ ~/projects/coreutils/target/debug/coreutils ls
a  b  c  d  e
$ ls --ignore '[a]'
b  c  d  e
$ ~/projects/coreutils/target/debug/coreutils ls --ignore '[a]'
b  c  d  e
$ ls --ignore '[!a]'
a
$ ls --ignore '[^a]'
a
$ ~/projects/coreutils/target/debug/coreutils ls --ignore '[!a]'
a
$ ~/projects/coreutils/target/debug/coreutils ls --ignore '[^a]'
b  c  d  e
$

gnu coreutils uses fnmatch for both these matches.

I'm thinking of creating an FnmatchPattern that extends the rust crate glob's Pattern. In FnmatchPattern, I would first call Pattern's new(), and then amend the vector of parsed tokens if AnyWithin(^) is the first token in a list of AnyWithins.

Where's a good place to put the code for FnmatchPattern? Would it be best placed in uucore so that it can be shared?

I've also created an issue upstream: rust-lang/glob#116

[ackerleytng]

Explored all the places where fnmatch is used in GNU coreutils.

Only 3 utilities use fnmatch, which are du, ls, and dircolors.

• ls uses fnmatch with fnmatch's third parameter (flags) set to 0 and FNM_PERIOD
• dircolors uses fnmatch with flags set to 0
• du uses fnmatch through the concept of excludes

The exclude stuff calls fnmatch through this code path:

1. du.c first uses add_exclude with EXCLUDE_WILDCARDS to add its command line parameters from --exclude to an exclude struct.
2. Later when doing the matching, du.c calls file_pattern_matches on each filename
3. file_pattern_matches calls exclude_patopts, which calls exclude_fnmatch,
4. Which then calls Gnulib's fnmatch, with flags set to options (which is EXCLUDE_WILDCARDS)
5. Gnulib's fnmatch calls internal_fnmatch after adjusting for some locale stuff.

I believe internal_fnmatch is glibc's (or whichever libc's) implementation of fnmatch. Not completely sure, because grepping for internal_fnmatch in coreutils and Gnulib both don't return any function definitions for internal_fnmatch.

The libc fnmatch uses the following flags:

FNM_PATHNAME, FNM_NOESCAPE, FNM_PERIOD, FNM_LEADING_DIR, FNM_CASEFOLD

which are the lowest 5 bits.

When Gnulib's fnmatch is called with flags set to options, the options are from exclude.h, which are

EXCLUDE_ANCHORED, EXCLUDE_INCLUDE, EXCLUDE_WILDCARDS, EXCLUDE_REGEX, EXCLUDE_ALLOC,

and are bits 26 to 30 inclusive.

Hence du effectively uses fnmatch with flags set to 0, which matches the way fnmatch is used in dircolors.

TLDR:

• Based on the current usage of fnmatch in GNU coreutils, we only need to re-implement fnmatch for flags = 0 and flags = FNM_PERIOD.
• Only 3 utils du, dircolors and ls will use this implementation

[ackerleytng]

Another implementation difference in ls: (uutils's coreutils does not implement FNM_PERIOD, which is used in ls)

When FNM_PERIOD is specified, wildcards will not match .

In ls, wildcards should not match .

$ ls -al
total 8
drwxr-xr-x  2 ackerleytng ackerleytng 4096 Jul 25 08:30 .
drwx------ 75 ackerleytng ackerleytng 4096 Jul 25 08:31 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 ackerleytng ackerleytng    0 Jul 25 08:30 .hidden.yml
$ ls -al --ignore '*ml'
total 8
drwxr-xr-x  2 ackerleytng ackerleytng 4096 Jul 25 08:30 .
drwx------ 75 ackerleytng ackerleytng 4096 Jul 25 08:31 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 ackerleytng ackerleytng    0 Jul 25 08:30 .hidden.yml
$ ~/projects/coreutils/target/debug/coreutils ls -al --ignore '*ml'
total 8
drwxr-xr-x  2 ackerleytng ackerleytng 4096 Jul 25 08:30 .
drwx------ 75 ackerleytng ackerleytng 4096 Jul 25 08:31 ..
$ ls -al --ignore '?hidden.yml'
total 8
drwxr-xr-x  2 ackerleytng ackerleytng 4096 Jul 25 08:30 .
drwx------ 75 ackerleytng ackerleytng 4096 Jul 25 08:36 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 ackerleytng ackerleytng    0 Jul 25 08:30 .hidden.yml
$ ~/projects/coreutils/target/debug/coreutils ls -al --ignore '?hidden.yml'
total 8
drwxr-xr-x  2 ackerleytng ackerleytng 4096 Jul 25 08:30 .
drwx------ 75 ackerleytng ackerleytng 4096 Jul 25 08:35 ..